Abstract
This paper discusses the magnitude of importance football has in the American South. The paper uses many adjectives pertaining toward the subject.

From the Paper
"It is third down and long. The quarterback is under center, and his receivers are split out wide. He takes the snap, fakes the hand-off, and drops back into the pocket. He surveys the defense, and fires a perfect strike into the back of the end zone for the game -winning touchdown. Victory! Daleville High School defeats Enterprise High School for the first time ever. His teammates hoist the quarterback onto their shoulders, and jubilantly carry him off the field. Abruptly, the dream changes. He drops back in the pocket, releases the ball, and it is intercepted. Suddenly, the young man awakens and gratefully realizes he is only dreaming. With sweat beading on his forehead, he props back on his pillows and contemplates the next night's big game. (Deep in Southeast Alabama the magnitude of the football rivalry between the Daleville Warhawks and the Enterprise Wildcats can be understood through the sights, sounds, and smells.)"

Tags: athlete, leisure, life, narrative, power, sports

From the Paper
"This research examines the need for career-development programs to help athletes of high school and college age to develop their full potential as individuals outside the venue of sports. The plan of the research will be to set forth the context in which career-development programs have become an important issue and then to discuss how aspects of career development can be incorporated into the educational experience of young athletes and have relevance to the course of their entire lives.

A hard truth of the world of business that emerged in the late 20th century that the days of the 25-year gold watch are days of yore. This is the case even though the decade of the 1990s brought unprecedented prosperity of long duration to the industrial democracies, especially the USA. But in the midst of ..."

From the Paper
"While there is far less stereotyping and racism in professional sports than there was, fifty years ago with respect to African Americans, and while African Americans have made tremendous strides in many pro sports, some degree of stereotyping and discrimination still remains, though it is far more subtle than in the past. Richard Lapchick writes of the great breakthrough achieved by Jackie Robinson, the first black player to reach the big leagues of professional baseball, but he concludes his Introduction with these starling words:
The book is also the story of how little has changed since Jackie Robinson took that courageous step. America has made many promises to its people. The promise of racial equality is one that has been broken time and time again. Some commentators have said that time is running out, that it is..."

Tags: RACISM

From the Paper
" The Olympic Games began in ancient Greece in 776 BC and continued until 395 AD. The games were held at Olympia on the Peloponnesse and attracted visitors from all over the Greek world. The central attraction was the games, of course, but Olympia, the site of the games, was also a reason many visitors came just to see this huge architectural achievement. The games were revived a century ago and have become a major business enterprise televised around the world, and countries compete for the right to host both the winter and summer games.
The ancient games were held in honor of Zeus, the supreme god in Greek mythology, and visitors to Olympia were making a pilgrimage to Zeus's most sacred place, the grove known as Altis (Swaddling 7). There are several legends regarding the origin..."

From the Paper
"Athletes are always striving to be the best and so are always looking for ways to improve their performance. When they have exhausted all regular means, such as specialized training, personalized diets, a regular workout, and a healthy lifestyle, the often feel they need a little something more to give them the edge. This is when they are tempted to turn to drugs for that extra boost which will take them to the top. Often, drug-taking by athletes is coerced by coaches whose careers may depend on having the winning team. In professional sports, and particularly in the Olympic games, the pressure to win is overwhelming to many, and they succumb to the temptation of a little extra help.
The drugs used vary depending on the type of sport being..."

Abstract
A complete background of the Gladiator Games is given. This includes the people who faught, the different types of events, the fighters' daily life, where they occured, along with many other aspects of the games.

From the Paper
"The origins of the gladiatorial games took place in 264 BC in Rome as part of an aristocratic funerary ritual. The first gladiatorial contest was put on by Decimus Junius Bratus, in honor of his deceased father. Three pairs of slaves served as the gladiators in the Forum Boarium, a commercial area named for the Roman cattle market. Romans called the contests a munus, which is a duty, paid by the descendents of the dead (Grant). This served to keep the memory of the deceased alive after their death. The contests were repeated annually or at five-year intervals. The gladiatorial fights were not brought into public games until the late first century."

Tags: rome, fight, ancient, barbaric, death, Decimus, Junius, Bratus, ritual

From the Paper
"The intention in this paper is to explore the expanding role of women in sports broadcasting. Television sports is one of the unifying elements of popular culture, as witness the current focus on the Olympic games. For the most part, however, sports television has been the domain of male sports figures, male broadcasters, and male viewers. This has gradually changed over the past few decades, although male events tend to remain the most popular, with the Super Bowl, NCAA and NBA basketball finals, World Series, and Indy 500 at the top of the ladder. However, there has been increasing interest in women's events, and sports such as figure skating and gymnastics that seem to appeal more to women. Nonetheless, the field remains dominated..."

From the Paper
"Punting a football is an action designed to provide impetus to an external object. Movements of this type culminate in brief contact with an object (moving or still) by a moving body part. In such actions the "imparting of force" is the principal aim and the skills involve applying the force to the correct point, and with appropriate amounts of force, to achieve the desired distance and direction (Wells & Luttgens, 1976, p. 466). The motion involved in kicking the ball is angular in nature as the lower leg engages in rotating about an axis in the knee joint and the thigh moves in a rotatory motion about the hip joint.

The series of movements involved in punting include the flexion of the hip with explosive extension of the knee and plantar flexion of the ankle at the kicking point. The sole base of support from which the kick is launched is the standing ..."

From the Paper
" Altitude and its effects on athletic performance will be discussed with regard to the following subtopics: adaptations the body makes as a person goes from sea level to a high altitude; changes brought about by aerobic compared to anaerobic exercises at high altitude; and the effects, positive or negative, of training at altitude. A drastic case study will be cited to demonstrate the magnitude of the effect of altitude change on physiology.
At altitudes of over 5,000 feet, the ability to perform physical work is affected--the higher the altitude, the more severe the effects. In general, one can expect a reduction in endurance capacity as measured by the maximal oxygen consumption of 3 to 3.5 percent for every 1,000 feet ascended above 5,000 feet. Work performance and maximum oxygen consumption are..."

From the Paper
" Baseball was one of the most significant forms of popular culture in the United States at the time of the Second World War. It was, by far, the most popular sport in the country, and its stars were local and, often, national heroes. It was a truly national pastime, as professional teams from the large northeastern and midwestern cities competed with each other, minor league teams drew crowds in small towns all over the country, and radio listeners swelled the number of fans. A great body of popular lore had grown up around the subject, and the identification of baseball and American values had become axiomatic. As with any manifestation of popular culture, baseball both revealed and determined what American society valued most. But, when World War II arrived, it was inevitable that baseball would be hit much harder than other popular culture.."

From the Paper
"DETRAINING
Introduction
Detraining by athletes results in decreased effects of many aspects of muscle conditioning in the human body. Detraining changes in enzyme activity, cholesterol levels, oxygen consumption, muscle strength and endurance, and muscle atrophy are demonstrated; exercise benefits may be lost after four to eight weeks of detraining.

Effects of Detraining
The effects of proper training are numerous. Increases motor-skill performance are found; training produces adjustments to the muscles which make them injury-resistant. Exercise produces less muscle protein accumulation in the blood, indicating less tissue damage and muscle soreness for the trained.."

From the Paper
" For many professional athletes, unethical behavior has become the norm. Whether they are trying to sneak in a punch, shouting obscenities, fighting, throwing tantrums, or biting off opponents' ears, professional athletes are, increasingly, behaving like undisciplined children. Behavior in which the individual's interests are placed before everyone else's, behavior that violates the rules by which the game (or business or profession) is to be conducted, and behavior that violates the rights and interests of others, is unethical. In professional sports, such behavior is, increasingly, rewarded, applauded, and expected. And, it is seldom discouraged in any effective manner.
This growing problem stems, in large part, from the overwhelming commercialization of professional sports in the last few decades. Today, athletes are better paid, owners make bigger.."

From the Paper
"Economic Benefits to States & Cities of Sponsoring The Olympics
Introduction
This research examines the economic benefits to states and cities of sponsoring the Olympic Games. As the term "states" is used in this research, the reference may be either a country or to a component of a federal system, such as a state in the United States. Among the issues addressed in this research are the following: (1) how states and cities generate revenues to support their sponsorship of the Olympics, as well as how such revenue generation may be maximized; and (2) the nature and scope of the economic benefits to a state or city of sponsorship of the Olympic Games.
Revenue Generation
The costs associated with staging sports events, including..."

From the Paper
"Introduction
The film Jerry Maguire (Christoper Crowe, 1996) tells the story of a sports agent whose experience illustrates a number of issues in business and interpersonal communications. Many of Maguire's problems derive from his communication failures or the failures of the business he is in to have an ethical and value-centered communications record. Indeed, the film shows how the ideals of business communications as a subject in business schools can clash with the reality of business in the real world and how often businesses are conducted with an ethical veneer that is just that--a veneer that hides the unethical, uncaring, and money-directed corporate culture beneath the surface. The business of sports agent and sports marketing indeed would seem to be one where the ethical rules are often bent, though what the..."

From the Paper
"This study will examine the 1994 strike in major league baseball in 1994 and the long-term results of that strike. The argument of the study is that while the strike was devastating to baseball in 1994, shortening two seasons in 1994 and 1995, by 1998 the long-term damage done to the game had been almost entirely eliminated.


The basic issue of the salary cap was one which in the first place was not of great interest to fans, and whatever damage was done by the strike was undone in large part because of the excitement generated in 1998 by the home-run race between Sammy Sosa and Mark McGwire, but also because. for better or worse, baseball remains the national pastime and fans of the sport eventually forget, or at least forgive, and return to the game with as much fervor as ever."