Gender and Leadership

Paper Summary:

This paper examines the following research question: "To what extent, will there be a statistically significant effect, at a confidence level of .05, of male and female leadership styles (authoritarian, laissez-faire, democratic) on the ability of employees to self-disclose (relate oneself) to significant others as measured by the Jourard self-disclosure questionnaire?" The author points out that to maintain the research integrity as to the reliability and validity of the measurement data and statistical data analysis, the data collection will adhere to both pre-data collection and during collection procedures. The paper relates that, as the proposed study is seeking to determine the effects of an independent or treatment variable on the outcome or dependent variable, an orthogonal analysis of variance (ANOVA), which is an inferential parametric statistic, will be used to statistically analyze the data.

Table of Contents
Introduction and Conceptual Framework
Operational Definitions
Gender
Authoritarian Leadership Style
Laissez-faire Leadership Style
Democratic Leadership Style
Self-Disclosure
Data Collection
Statistical Data Analysis Procedure
Measurement Instrument

From the Paper:

"For the proposed investigation, the environment from which the sample of both male and female employees and male and female managers will be selected will be from two different manufacturing environments wherein each manufacturing operation has at 6 male managers and 6 female managers who represent, equally all three leadership styles. The number of employees to be sampled will be 60 males and 60 females and are equally distributed among the three leadership style managers and business environments."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Goodworth, C. (1988). The Secrets of Successful Leadership and People Management. Heinman Professional Publishing
• Hofmann, P. and W.A. Nelson, editors. (2001). Managing Ethically: An Executive's Guide. Chicago: Health Administration Press.
• Jourard, S. M. (1961). Religious denomination and self- disclosure. Psychological Reports 8:446
• Ohlson, E. L. (1998) Best-Fit Practices in Statistical Dat Analysis. Chicago: ACTS Testing Labs.
• Piper, Watty (1978 Rev.). The Little Engine that Could. Grosset & Dunlap.

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