Paper Summary:

The paper explores the range of interventions used for students with ADHD and focuses on the rapid rise in diagnosed students, the methods of management, the variation of different cultural groups and the higher occurrences in males compared to females. The paper also looks at studies that consider possible links between ADHD and its causes and the treatments that are being used. The paper comes to the conclusion that even though the pharmacological approach has produced some positive effects for individuals with ADHD, there have been few long-term positive improvements reported. Therefore, the paper believes that to enhance learning achievements and educational outcomes for the ADHD child, parents and teachers must enact continued and deliberate educational interventions.

From the Paper:

"According to Purdie, Hattie, and Carroll (2002), the number of students diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increased during the 1990s (p. 61). The controversy that surrounds this increase is that there has also been an increase in the administering of prescribed medication to these students as a means to remedy difficult situations in the classroom as well as to help students meet their everyday challenges. Whether this is an effective way of dealing with ADHD is highly debatable. There is much concern that while doctors, psychologists, school administrations, and parents are attempting to deal with the challenges of ADHD, the sole method for treatment has been relying on the administering of prescribed medications."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibitions, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 21, 65-94.
• Cantwell, D.P. (1996). Attention deficit disorder: A review of the past 10 years. Journalof the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 978-987.
• Ervin, R.A., Bankert, C.L., & DuPaul, G.J. (1996). Treatment of attention-deficithyperactivity disorder. In M.A. Reinecke & F.M. Dattilio (Eds.), Cognitivetherapy with children and adolescents: A casebook for clinical practice (pp.38-61). New York: Guilford Press.
• Fiore, T.A., Becker E.A., & Nero, R.C. (1993). Educational interventions for students with attention deficit disorder. Exceptional Children, 60, 163-173.
• Hedges, D., Fredercik, W., Reimherr,F.W., Rogers, A., Strong, R., & Wender, P.H.(1995). An open trial of venlafaxine in adult patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 31, 779-783.

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