This paper presents a historical overview of the U.S. civil service as an example of human resource management in public administration (PA).
Written in 2007; 3,540 words; 31 sources; APA; $ 99.95
Paper Summary:
This paper explains that the 1871 Civil Service Commission report on the spoils system, which stated its moral debase, led to the
Pendleton Act of 1883, which created a merit-based system of employment for federal employees. The author points out that, in an environment where Americans remain unenthusiastic about government service because of low pay and a cultural anti-government feeling, the challenges to the civil service system include finding quality employees, increasing accountability and promoting a more democratic bureaucracy in which citizen involvement is the norm. The author emphasizes that the values of public administration are the quest for efficiency, increased accountability, social equity, empowering citizens during the discourse phase and ethics with honest and open government.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Pre-Pendleton
Pendleton and the Growth of P.A.
Expanding Opportunity in Public Service
Now What
The Conservative Era and Civil Service
Civil Service in the 21st Century
Civil Service 2025
Conclusions
From the Paper:
"NPR was one part of a larger organizational thrust by the Clinton administration. In 1993, Clinton/Gore passed the Government Performance and Results (GPR) Act. Clearly, the framing of the issues is indicative of the tenor of the times. The GPR mandated that each federal agency introduce a strategic plan by 1997. The effect of this measure was to limit organizations from being funded from year to year without accountability. Instead, each federal agency had to list outcomes and time lines in order to validate its existence."
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