The Tanzanian Experience

Paper Summary:

This paper provides an overview of the Tanzanian experience since its independence to determine what "survival" foreign policy strategies represent the best chances for this and similarly situated developing countries during the present era of globalization. The paper further discusses relevant, peer-reviewed and scholarly literature as well as relevant governmental online resources.

Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Economic Status of Tanzania Today
Formulating Survival Foreign Policies
Conclusion and Recommendations

From the Paper:

"The country's political ideology, then, as well as its foreign policy, have been largely influenced by the changing personal exigencies of its four presidential leaders since its independence in 1964, presidents Nyerere, Mwinyi, Mkapa and, since December 21, 2005 President Jakaya Kikwete (Tanzania, 2007). According to Saideman (2001), for the first time in the new country's history, President Nyerere enjoyed a mass-based, non-ethnic political structure that meant he was not compelled nor constrained by the ethnic composition of his constituency, particularly as it related to the crafting of foreign policy: "Thus, Nyerere's ability to develop a foreign policy suggests that political competition, or its absence, is a critical factor in foreign policymaking" (p. 76). This lack of timely public debate concerning the pressing issues facing the country suggests that these leaders formulated foreign policy according to personal whim rather than the needs of their country, and the effect of this turbulent past has been significant. Today, Tanzania remains one of the poorest countries in the world today with a number of challenges and obstacles confronting it, and these issues are discussed further below."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Auty, R. M. (1993). Sustaining development in mineral economies: The resource curse thesis. New York: Routledge.
• Bigsten, A., & Danielson, A. (2001). Tanzania: Is the ugly duckling finally growing up? Uppsala: Nordic African Institute.
• Larsen, U., Mccloskey, L. A., & Williams, C. (2005). Gender inequality and intimate partner violence among women in Moshi, Tanzania. International Family Planning Perspectives, 31(3), 124.
• Tanzania. (2007). U.S. Government: CIA World Factbook. [Online]. Available: https://www. cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tz.html.
• Saideman, S. M. (2001). The ties that divide: Ethnic politics, foreign policy, and international conflict. New York: Columbia University Press.

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