The Phenomena of Connectivity

Paper Summary:

This paper is a quantitative study of the phenomena of connectivity that uses a sample population of 425 displaced women treated in Bogota, Colombia, to test the hypothesis. The author used a formal questionnaire with two main scales to measure the degree of connectivity among these women against a background of emotional and psychological well-being. The paper reports that this thesis has found evidence for 1) a biological basis for connectivity, 2) psychological effects on connectivity, and 3) environmental effects on connectivity. These findings are extremely important because such a study has not previously been undertaken and because these results add weight to the body of literature that suggests trauma can lead to anti-social, deviant behavior arising from a lack of connectivity.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Research Hypotheses
Sample Population
Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Organization of the Thesis
Literature Review
Origins of Attachment Theory
Adult Attachment
Longitudinal Studies
Romantic Relationship Studies
Measures of Adult Attachment
Methodology
Sample Population
Instrumentation: The Construction of the Survey
Instrumentation: The Adult Attachment Scale (AAS)
Instrumentation: The Hazan and Shaver (1987) Questionnaire
Research Design
Limitations of Study
Data Analysis
Basic Statistical Filtering of the Data
Plan for Statistical Analysis
Simple Statistics and Table of Eigenvalues
Extraction of Initial Factors
Rotation to Terminal Solution
Choosing the Number of Factors to Retain
Position in the Scree Plot
Proportion of Accounted Variance
How are the Results of the Factor Analysis Presented, and How Should They Be Interpreted?
Results
Results of the AAS and Hazan and Shaver Surveys
Conclusion
Summary
Conclusion
Discussion
Future Research

From the Paper:

"Attachment theory developed out of this early work of Bowlby's, combined with his growing awareness of evidence emerging from developmental biology and the new science of ethnology. Lorenz's work with imprinting in birds and Harlow's work with monkeys showed that affectional bonds could develop unrelated to the satisfaction of hunger needs. Bowlby's (1958, 1969) insights led him to conclude from this that humans needed social interaction that was satisfied by the caregiver being close by and available for support when needed, This was in contrast to the traditional psychoanalytic theory of dependency, where affectional bonds were thought to develop secondarily to the primary drives for food and sex. As attachment behavior had been found to occur in most species of mammals, he suggested that there was a "primary attachment relationship" that developed during the first nine months of life whose evolutionary function was to protect from predators "

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