Substance Abuse

Paper Summary:

This paper takes a look at the high percentage of drug abuse amongst prison inmates. According to the paper, the United States Bureau of Prisons (BOP) developed a comprehensive substance abuse treatment program in 1989, in an attempt to alter both the criminal and substance abuse behaviors of inmates. This paper attempts to determine which treatment programs are most effective in treating inmates with substance abuse problems.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Purpose
Problem
Review of Literature
Juvenile Correction Facilities
Discussion of Relevant Issues
Analysis
Conclusion and Recommendation

From the Paper:

"Indeed program retention is critical as it has been found to be a critical part of ensuring that treatment is effective. The authors explain that there is a positive correlation between long term outcomes and retention rates four both adults and adolescents. In their analysis Hser et al (2001) assessed the correlation between after treatment outcomes and program retention for adolescents in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcomes Project. This assessment was conducted across a range of program types that were inclusive of short-term inpatient, residential, and outpatient drug-free (Hser et al 2001). The study found that longer stays in treatment (90 days or more) could be correlated with lower levels of substance abuse in addition to lower rates of arrest in the year following treatment. "

Sample of Sources Used:

• Chan K. S., Morral A. R., Orlando M. (2003) Retention of Court-Referred Youths in Residential Treatment Programs: Client Characteristics and Treatment Process Effects. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse. Volume: 29 (2) pg 337+.
• De Leon G, Melnick G, Kressel D, Jainchill N. Circumstances, motivation, readiness, and suitability (the CMRS scales): predicting retention in therapeutic community treatment. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 1994; 20(4):495-515.
• Drug and Alcohol Treatment in Juvenile Correctional Facilities, 2002. http://www.oas.samhsa.gov/2k2/YouthJusticeTX/YouthJusticeTX.htm
• Hser YI, Grella CE, Hubbard RL, Hsieh SC, Fletcher BW, Brown BS, Anglin MD. An evaluation of drug treatments for adolescents in 4 US cities. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2001; 58(7):689-695
• Latimer WW, Newcomb M, Winters KC, Stinchfield RD. (2000) Adolescent substance abuse treatment outcome: the role of substance abuse problem severity, psychosocial, and treatment factors. J Consult Clinical Psychology; 68(4):684-696.

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