Paper Summary:

This research paper studies social systems within schools and examines both the planned and unplanned aspects of organizational life in those systems. The paper also discusses different theories of formal organizations and how school social systems are guided by the interactions of its elements and dynamics.

Table of Contents
Introduction Social Systems
Boundaries
Homeostasis, Feedback, Equilibrium
Elements of a Social System
The Basic Model
Formal Organization as a Social Theory
Institutions
Individuals
Work Groups
Environment
Outcomes
Internal Feedback Loops
External Feedback Loops
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"A social system is a group of elements and activities that interact and constitute a single social entity (Longress, 2000). This statement implies that a social system is creative because by definition it has properties and purpose over and above the parts and relationships. In a school, for example, educated individuals are created. Marvin Olsen (Longress, 2000) defines a social system more specifically. It is a model of organization that possesses creativity beyond its component parts; it is distinguished from its environment by a clearly defined boundary; it is composed of subunits, elements, and subsystems that are interrelated within relatively stable patterns of social order."

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