Paper Summary:

This paper explains that some of the reasons for the differences in earning power of immigrant population are directly related to their academic level and language skills; as these immigrants gain new qualifications and their language skills, their statuses improve and they come out of the poverty trap. The author points out that immigrants also send some of their earnings to their home country to support their extended families thus reducing their own standards of living in United States. The paper concludes that immigrant poverty is unusually limited to the first generation immigrants because, within 20 years of immigration, the differences between non-U.S. born and U.S. born Americans disappear and these immigrants become a part of the U.S. society with fewer links abroad. The paper excludes illegal aliens from the analysis.

Table of Contents
Reason for Poverty among Immigrants
Language Difficulties
Remittances to Home Countries
Drugs Abuse by Immigrants
Unemployment among Immigrants
Discrimination against Immigrants
Education Level of Immigrants
Conclusions

From the Paper:

"The Office of Scientific and Engineering Professionals (OSEP) report stated that [OSEP. 1988] proportion of foreign assistant professors of engineering younger than age 35 has increased from 10 percent in 1972 to over 50 percent during the period 1983-1985. About two-thirds of the postdoctoral university appointees are not U.S. citizens, and about 60 percent of foreign students obtaining Ph.D. degrees in the United States remain here. The OSEP however complains that large number of these engineers come from countries where the language and cultural backgrounds are likely to be significantly different from those of most native-born Americans."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Alleviating Poverty in United States, 2003, retrieved from Internet on 15 December 2005 http://www.plu.edu/~poverty/solutions/home.html,
• Camarota, S. S., Immigrants in the United States-2002, November 2002, retrieved from Internet on 15 December 2005, http://www.cis.org/articles/2002/back1302.pdf
• EEOC-Equal Employment Opportunity Commission-National Origin Discrimination, 2002, retrieved from Internet on 15 December 2005, http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/national-origin.html#N_1_
• Fry, R., Education May Boost Fortunes of Second-Generation Latino Immigrants, retrieved from Internet on 15 December 2005, http://www.migrationinformation.org/USfocus/display.cfm?id=48
• GAO Report- H-1b Foreign Workers: Better controls needed to help employers and protect workers, September 2000, Report GAO/HEHS-00-157 H-1B Visas B-283330

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