Parental Involvement and Academic Success

Paper Summary:

This paper determines the extent to which parental attendance at PTO meetings affected their children's grade point average. In order to determine the extent to which parental attendance at PTO meetings affects 7th grade students' GPA in the urban area, the following objectives guide this project. This study investigates the factors that serve to affect parental involvement in the children's schooling and how these factors can be used by educators and parents alike to identify opportunities for improvement and implement changes that facilitate such involvement.

From the Paper:

"Education is one of the most important and expensive activities of American government. Public spending on education totaled $375 billion in 1993, more than 6 percent of national income. Educational expenditures were substantially larger than spending on national defense or social security. In the 1993-94 school year, approximately 43 million youngsters were enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools, and these schools consumed over $250 billion out of public budgets. Federal, state, and local spending, on public schools amounted to slightly more than $5,300 per pupil enrolled (Burtless, 1996). The increased interest in the effectiveness of public schooling from a policy perspective comes from several sources: " First, schooling is generally perceived as being an important determinant of individual productivity and earnings; therefore, it becomes an instrument for affecting both the national economy and the distribution of individual income and earnings (Burtless, 1996). " Second, although not subjected to much analysis, schooling is increasingly assumed to generate various externalities, ranging from its impact on economic growth to its value for a well-functioning democracy, thus justifying an important component of public intervention. "Third, school spending is itself significant, amounting to over 4 percent of gross domestic product and representing the largest expenditure in most state and local budgets."

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