Pan-Germanism 1871-1914

Paper Summary:

The paper explores the movements of Pan-Germanism, the Linzer Programm, the Deutsche Verband and the beliefs of nationalists and the fringe philosophers of post-Empire Vienna. The paper then discusses their influence on Adolf Hitler and the subsequent founding of the Nazi Party. The paper therefore shows how the philosophical, cultural and historical underpinnings of the Austrian Pan-Germanist movement are important precedents to the subsequent rise of Nazism, the Anschluss and the Holocaust.

Outline:
Introduction
Historical Underpinnings in Austria
Rise of Nationalistic and Linguistic Minorities
Liberalism's Flower and the Conservative Backlash
Conservative Ascendancy in Austria
The Linzer Programm
Sources of Anti-Semitism
Influence on Adolf Hitler and the Founding of the Nazi Party
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"Austria's empire had been under substantial pressure for several decades prior the decision to split Austria and Hungary into a dual monarchy in 1867 (Burant 1989). The Austrians lost significant land and sovereignty to the French in 1806, which represents the time when the decline of the Habsburg Empire would begin. The period from 1806 to 1859 was marked by a gradual reduction in power and influence by the Habsburgs over the remnants of the Holy Roman Empire. During this same period, the German principalities and kingdoms were combining in ways that would assure their future industrial success, most notably with the German Customs Union of the 1840's, and the eventual combination of German regions to form the modern nation in 1861."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Burant, S. R. Hungary: A Country Study. Washington: Library of Congress, 1989.
• Campbell, D. P. THE SHADOW OF THE HABSBURGS: MEMORY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN AUSTRIAN POLITICS AND EDUCATION 1918-1955. PhD Thesis, College Park: University of Maryland, 2006.
• Grandner, M. Conservative Social Politics in Austria, 1880-1890. Working Papaer 94-2, Vienna: University of Vienna, 1994.
• Habe, H. Our Love Affair with Germany. New York: Putnam, 1953.
• Hamann, B. Hitlers Wien. Lehrjahre eines Diktators. Munich: Piper, 2001.

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