Organized Crime Worldwide

Paper Summary:

In this study the following groups are studied: The Italian Mafia, organized crime in the United States, Russian Organized Crime (ROC), Chinese Crime Groups in North America - Tongs, Gangs, and Triads, the Japanese Yakuza, the South American Cartels, and outlaw motorcycle gangs . Each of the following questions are answered: What were their origins? What factors affected their constant growth? In what sectors do these groups operate? In what hierarchy are these groups structured? What is their modus operandi? And, are individual groups linked to other crime syndicates locally or internationally?

From the Paper:

"Organized crime has existed in society for hundreds of years in some form or another. It generally exists in prosperous societies where strong class distinctions sometimes brutally enforced exist. The history of some major crime organizations has been well documented; in this paper, a few of the well-known organizations are described briefly. The Italian Mafia originated in Sicily. Sicily, the biggest island in the Mediterranean, has always been subject to foreign occupation: At any point in its documented history, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Normans, French, Spanish and Austrians have ruled Sicily. The island residents were considered slave labor and were exploited. The Mafia, a secret society that provided for the poor was born as a solace for the sufferings of the poor and the oppressed. Vendetta was justice for the Mafia in rural Sicily along with the golden rule of omerta (honor). The clannish nature of the Sicilians, and their instinctive dislike for inconsistent law enforcement and a repressive hereditary aristocracy, created a favorable climate for the Mafiosi, the forefathers of the present day Italian Mafia. (Porrello, 1999)"

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