Migrant Children Education

Paper Summary:

This research examines school-age children, primarily from Mexico, who travel with their migrant-farm worker parents from Texas to Minnesota, and then back again to Texas, in the process experiencing patterns of double schooling. The research sets forth the context and background in which this kind of education takes place and then discusses the features of such schooling, with a view toward identifying strategies that might be employed by schools and school systems to assist these children optimally.

From the Paper:

"Educational opportunities for the children of migrant farm workers have not historically been a priority for US policy. The 1983 Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Worker Protection Act focused on protections concerning pay, working conditions, and work-related (living) conditions. The Act defines migrant agricultural workers as those who are employed in farm work on a seasonal or other temporary basis who must be absent for a block of time from their permanent residence. Some migrant workers are classified as temporary H-2A foreign workers, who are "nonimmigrant aliens" allowed to have agricultural employment in the US for a specified time period, usually less than a year (Runyan, 1992). However, alternative definitions also exist, even within the federal apparatus. According to the Department of Agriculture's Hired Farm Workforce Survey, migrant workers may be those 14 years and older who crossed county lines to do agricultural work for an extended period at any time during the year, or those who "had no usual place of residence" but did such work "in two or more counties during the year" (Martinez & Others, 1994, p. 333)."

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