Location and Constraint Globalization

Paper Summary:

This paper describes the far reaching impact of globalization. Four factors that contribute to globalization are highlighted in the paper: (1) technological change, particularly the ICT revolution; (2) the spread of market-based systems; (3) domestic politics--pro-globalization forces are more politically significant; and (4) inter-state rivalries. The writer further states that location and constraint in globalization are two key issues that require studying and understanding before embarking on this re-emerging trend.

From the Paper:

"Globalisation has been part of human existence since the dawn of civilization. Since the first wanderers went off the land to hunt, and the ancient traders crossed the seas to trade, globalisation became part of human evolution. In a sense, "Globalisation is not just a recent phenomenon. Some analysts have argued that the world economy was just as globalised 100 years ago as it is today. Economic 'globalisation' is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress. It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through trade and financial flows. The term sometimes also refers to the movement of people (labor) and knowledge (technology) across international borders. There are also broader cultural, political and environmental dimensions of globalisation that are not covered here. At its most basic, there is nothing mysterious about globalisation. The term has come into common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that have made it easier and quicker to complete international transactions--both trade and financial flows. It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity--village markets, urban industries, or financial centers. (IMF Staff, 2002)""

Sample of Sources Used:

• Bel, Germa and Fageda, Xavier. Getting There Fast: Globalisation, Intercontinental Flights and Location of Headquarters. September 2005. 20 June 2006. <www.ksg.harvard.edu/taubmancenter/pdfs/working_papers/GermaBel_05_Fast.pdf>.
• GegenStandpunkt. "The Myth of 'Globalisation." The World Market as an Objective Constraint. 2002. 20 June 2006. <http://www.gegenstandpunkt.com/english/globalisation.html>.
• Held, David and McGrew, Anthony, Goldblatt, David and Perraton, Jonathan. Researching Globalisation. Global Transformations. 2006. 20 June 2006. <http://www.polity.co.uk/global/research.htm>.
• IMF Staff. "Globalisation: Threat or Opportunity?" An IMF Issues Brief. International Monetary Fund. Jan. 2002. 20 June 2006. <http://www.imf.org/external/np/exr/ib/2000/041200.htm>.
• Kraemer, Kenneth L., Gibbs, Jennifer and Dedrick, Jason. "Impacts of Globalisation on E-Commerce Adoption and Firm Performance: A Cross-Country Investigation." Globalisation of the E-commerce. Center for Research on Information Technology and Organizations. 20 Dec. 2002. 20 June 2006. <www.crito.uci.edu/publications/pdf/gec/JIBS.pdf>.

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