An examination of the history and methodology of industrial and organizational psychology.
Written in 2006; 1,758 words; 7 sources; APA; $ 56.95
Paper Summary:
The paper discusses how, since the first employer-employee relationship, people have been engaging in an informal study of industrial and organizational psychology. The paper further discusses how, building on the experimental methods developed in psychology and other fields of science, industrial and organizational psychologists have developed specific research methods aimed at assessing and improving work environments. The paper shows how these research efforts have resulted in the development of aptitude tests, which industrial and organizational psychologists use to ensure that employees are in the most appropriate work environment. The paper concludes that industrial and organizational psychology has expanded beyond the application of aptitude testing, and industrial and organizational psychologists are now involved in almost every aspect of the employment process.
Outline:
Introduction
History
Basics of I/O
Tools Used by I/O Psychologists
The Application of I/O to the Workplace
Conclusion
From the Paper:
"Other than aptitude testing and the development of aptitude tests, it is somewhat difficult to identify the tools and methods used by I/O psychologists. This is not because there is a lack of tools or methodology, but because I/O is such a broad category. In fact, research in I/O is very similar to research in other areas of mainstream psychology. It is "based largely on positivism, using quantitative studies and the scientific method to test and disprove hypotheses, often in an experimental context." (Wikipedia, Psychology, 2005). Quantitative research methods rely on tests, rating scales, questionnaires, and physiological measures. (Ehigie and Ehigie, 2005). In addition, I/O psychologists also utilize qualitative research, which "utilizes interpretive techniques and is descriptive in nature, enabling the gathering of rich clinical information unattainable by classical experimentation." "
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