Human Rights Protection

Paper Summary:

The paper addresses the general system of human rights protection, both inside the UN and in other organizations such as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). The paper then explores the mechanisms set in place for individuals to defend their rights and refers to several cases to illustrate the way in which individual complaints have succeeded to stand against human rights abuses. Finally, the paper examines the way in which these actions and mechanisms affect the activities of the Special Rapporteurs, in order to underline the way in which individual actions and extra conventional ones manage to address the issue of human rights protection.

Outline:
Part One: General System of Protection of Human Rights
Part Two: Mechanisms for Protection
Part Three: Cases
Part Four: Acts and Mechanisms of the Special Rapporteurs and How They Are Influenced by the Individual Claims of Human Rights Abuses.
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"The system of the protection of human rights represents one of the most important mechanisms the international society has successfully set in place following the Second World War. This success is largely due to the existence of the United Nations and other international organizations such as the OSCE in Europe which deal with such issues. Their institutions related to human rights affairs have created a framework which enables individuals to press charges and complaints regarding human rights abuses made by states and organizations. However, an important aspect of the system of protection of human rights has also been the activity of the Special Rapporteurs for the United Nations who represents an extra-conventional mechanism of protection. In this sense, both the activities of the individuals manifested through their complaints and that of the Rapporteurs through their reports and investigations are intermingled and make up an effective system of protection which allows individuals to have their human rights respected and those in breach of these rights punished."

Sample of Sources Used:

• General Assembly. Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on the Human Rights Council. (2006) http://www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrcouncil/docs/A.RES.60.251_En.pdf
• Human Rights Education Association. The European Human Rights System . (n.d). http://www.hrea.org/index.php?base_id=143#osce
• International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission. Submitting Complaints to The Individual Complaint Procedure Of United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies. (N.d). http://www.iglhrc.org/files/iglhrc/Fact%20Sheet%20-%20Individual%20Complaints%20Mechanisms.doc.
• Jane Hearn, "Individual communications under international human rights treaties: an Australian Government perspective". Australian Journal for Human Rights. (1999) http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/AJHR/1999/21.html
• Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. International Law. (2008). http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/index.htm#core

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