A review of the literature concerning the relative influence of genetic and environmental factors on the development of alcoholism.
Written in 2006; 736 words; 5 sources; APA; $ 26.95
Paper Summary:
This paper discusses the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the development of alcoholism. The paper discusses the existence of genes in individuals that appear to make them more susceptible to alcoholism. It then looks at social-cognitive factors and their influence on alcoholism. The paper then describes family, twin and adoption studies and draws conclusions.
From the Paper:
"Indirectly, it is also believed that a gene that causes a disposition to depression and mood-related disorders can be transferred from a parent to a child (Westen et al., 2006). A child who inherits a vulnerability to emotional disorders may, as a result, turn to alcohol for comfort, increasing their chances of developing alcoholism."
"Twin studies have shown that in both males and females, genetic factors appear to play a role in the development of alcoholism (Miles, Silberg, Pickens, & Eaves, 2005; Prescott & Kendler, 1999). Evidence has also shown that children whose biological parents are alcoholic may respond differently physiologically to alcohol than children of non-alcoholics (Gordis, 1996, as cited in Westen et al., 2006, p. 615).
Further to this, family history studies indicate that children of alcoholics are four times as likely to become alcoholics than children of non-alcoholics (Peele, 1986, as cited in Westen et al., 2006, p. 614). However, the heredity argument for alcohol does not account for why some children of alcoholics do not become alcoholic themselves."
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