Paper Summary:

The paper discusses the origins and history of Chinese-Americans, Irish-Americans and Polish-Americans. The paper then provides additional information and statistics about these ethnic groups.

Outline:
Chinese-Americans: Origins and History
Additional Information on Chinese-Americans
Irish-Americans: Origins and History
Additional Information on Irish-Americans
Polish-Americans: Origins and History
Additional Information on Polish-Americans

From the Paper:

"The Chinese probably were persecuted as an ethnic culture arriving in America far more than were the Irish and Polish; this is not to say the Polish and Irish avoided discrimination and social bias, but neither of the latter two were actually banned from immigrating to the U.S. as were the Chinese at one point. In fact, the Chinese were officially excluded from entering America (Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882), but they also had earned respect when they served as hard-working low-paid laborers who helped build the first transcontinental railroad in the middle of the 19th Century. But "once the railroads connected the frontier, Westerners had little use for the Chinese" (De Leon 42), and hence the exclusion act."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Answers.com. (2007) Retrieved May 27, 2007, from www.answers.com.
• De Leon, Arnoldo. (2002). Racial Frontiers: Africans, Chinese, and Mexicans in WesternAmerica, 1848-1890. Albuquerque, University of New Mexico Press.
• Hulei, Elaine; Zevenbergen, Andrea A.; & Jacobs, Sue C. (2006). Discipline Behaviors ofChinese American and European American Mothers, The Journal of Psychology, 140(5),459-475.
• Lan, Shanshan. (2007). Beyond Black and White. Chinese America: History & Perspectives,83-89 (Academic Search Elite ISSN: 1051-7642).
• Pula, James S. (1996). Image, status, mobility and integration in American society: The PolishExperience, Journal of American Ethnic History, 16(1), 74-96.

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