Differentiated Instruction

Paper Summary:

This paper reports a case study conducted relating to differentiated instruction in a classroom with ESL or English as second language students. It focuses on the usefulness of pictorial representations and graphic organizers for ESL students and the impact that using them has on learning in this group of students, especially in science. The paper contains graphs and images.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Methodology
Background of the Study
Theoretical Framework
Terms and Definitions
Research Question
Literature Review
Data Collection and Analysis
Findings of the Study
Conclusions

From the Paper:

"Oftentimes there is a failure to use differentiated instruction unknowingly because teachers are not properly educated and trained to do so however, an interesting case study in British Columbia reports findings which illustrate that differentiated instruction is being used unknowingly as well. One such study is that reported in the work of Gunderson, Belanger and Cooper (2007) entitled: "A Review of ESL Services in the Abbotsford School Board" relates a study of great magnitude conducted at the University of British Columbia. This study is a review of the current policies, practices, approaches and methods related to the English as a Second Language (ESL) services in the Abbotsford School District." (2007) This study was conducted through classroom observations in order to "develop a picture of methods, material, and approaches that were apparent in ESL and mainstream classrooms." (Gunderson, Belanger and Cooper, 2007)"

Sample of Sources Used:

• Differentiated Instruction: What is it?: Online available at: http://webhost.bridgew.edu/kdobush/Strategies%20for%20Teaching%20Reading/Handbook/Diff_Inst/Differentiated%20Instruction.htm
• Baum, S. & Nicols, H. (2007). The keys to differentiation. Personal communication. May 14 in Yangon, Myanmar. English Strategies for Teaching Limited English Proficient (LEP) Students (2006) Virginia Department of Education. Online available at: www.doe.virginia.gov/VDOE/Instruction/ESL/LEPenglishResource.pdf
• Gregory, G., & Chapman, C. (2002). Differentiated instructional strategies: One size doesn't fit all. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc.
• Hall, Tracey (2001) Differentiated Instruction. National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. CAST Universal Design for Learning. Publications. CAST and U.S. Department of Education, Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP), Cooperative Agreement No. H324H990004.
• Murray, B. (1998). Gaining alphabetic insight: is phoneme manipulation skill or identity knowledge causal? Journal of Educational Psychology, 90, 3, 461-475.

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