A literature review on developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and its treatments.
Written in 2006; 2,698 words; 8 sources; APA; $ 80.95
Paper Summary:
The paper relates that the lack of a known cause of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) raises the uncertainty of the most effective treatment method. The paper focuses on the two treatments therapists usually opt for; task-oriented interventions (top-down approaches) that teach purposeful goals, or an attempt to treat the underlying motor issues (bottom-up approaches) at the neural and muscular level. The paper points out that, although these therapies benefit the subjects, they do not serve as cures for their significant motor deficits. The paper concludes that this reinforces the need for further research as to the exact cause of DCD.
Outline:
Bottom-Up
Top-Down
Future Research
Conclusion
From the Paper:
"Thirteen years ago, researchers agreed upon including "Developmental Coordination Disorder" (DCD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV) (Iversen, Ellertsen, & Tytlandsvik, 2005). Today, a diagnosis of DCD often replaces the previously common assumption that a child who has uncoordinated motor skills is simply clumsy or going through an awkward phase. Approximately 5-8% of children between 5 and 11 years are diagnosed with DCD and therefore have significantly impaired motor function, which interferes with their activities of daily living. While many theories exist regarding the etiology of DCD, such as a secondary result of neuronal damage or neonatal insult, researchers have not defined an exact cause (Barnhart, Davenport, Epps, & Nordquist, 2007)."
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