Comparing Gullah and Kamtok

Paper Summary:

This paper presents a comparative study of the orthographic structure, tenses and syntax between Gullah and Kamtok. The paper also reviews phonology. The paper then explores the structures of Gullah and Kamtok sentences with a strong emphasis on the verb tenses to facilitate both languages. The paper examines how the tenses and sentences are organized in a way that facilitates output in both languages. The paper then presents the results of the study that reveal how written forms of these languages relate not only to their pronunciation, but to other levels of linguistic knowledge. The researcher provides a meta-analysis of data collected from linguistic studies of the English languages, including reviews of the Gullah, Kamtok, influence of Cameroon, Pidgin, Creole and many other derivative languages, all of which have their foundation in British English, Creole, or African phonology and orthography. The researcher predicts the results of this study will help explain the commonality of communication, and assert whether a universal standard of syntax, tense, pronunciation and meaning may be derived from the research gathered.

Outline:
Introduction
- Background to Study
- Research Questions
Preliminary Review of the Literature
- Limitations of Study
Study Summary

From the Paper:

"The English language derived from Europe and moved to many regions including to Africa. Here, English mixed with many local languages, giving birth to what we now know as Kamtok. The African languages as they were, also migrated to an English speaking country, mixed with English giving birth to Gullah. Noting this, it is important to point out these migrations had differing destinations, with English moving from Europe to Africa to create Kamtok, and from Africa to the U.S. to produce Gullah."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Dillard, James L. 1972. Black English. New York, Random House.
• Holm, John. (1988). Pidgin and Creole Languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Jones, Eldred. 1971. Krio: An English Based Language of Sierra Leone, in, Todd, L. Pidgins and Creoles, 70.
• Rickford, J. 1977. The Question of Prior Creolization in Black English, in Todd, L. Pidgins and Creoles, 20.
• Stewart, William. 1968. Continuity and Change in American Negro Dialects, Florida Foreign Language Reporter, vol.6, no. 1, pp.3-14.

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