Co-Evolution

Paper Summary:

This paper researches and examines co-evolution. It discusses what co-evolution is, how it works and the biological principle of this theory. The paper also discusses the basis of this theory to include three different community interactions. It identifies and analyzes three factors affecting co-evolution in human beings that have typically been the focus of study - lifestyles, diets and diseases.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Organism And Microbiota Impact On Human Beings
Community-Based Co-Evolution Factors
Summary And Conclusion

From the Paper:

"This hazard may arise from the effects of generation of new species at a rapid rate that involves evolution that does not occur in unison with the world and environment and its living creatures but instead is an evolution independent of other living plants, species, and life. One such negative impact is noted by Wheelis et al to be "the potential for increased weediness among herbicide-tolerant crops." (1998) Stated as well is that interbreeding might result in the formation of hybrids resulting in genetic contamination of crops that are economically of importance and even lead to "extinction of native species or other species of local importance." (Wheelis, et al, 1998) Coe-evolution of human beings and microbiota is reviewed in the work of Dethlefsen, McFall-Ngai and Relman entitled: "An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective on Human-Microbe Mutualism and Disease" who state that the basic concepts are experiencing a rapid change in respect to the human microbiota as these were "first shown to cause disease in human in the 1800s however, eventually it was understood that the majority of the interaction between microbiota and humans in fact do not cause disease and that in fact, some of the microbiota are beneficial to human beings."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Jones, Richard H. (2000) Reductionism: Analysis and the Fullness of Reality. Bucknell University Press. Online available at: http://books.google.com/books?id=sUgnio874NUC&dq=human+coevolution
• Wheelis, Mark, et al (1998) Manual for Assessing Ecological and Human Health Effects of Genetically Engineered Organisms. Scientists Working Group on Biosafety. Online available at: http://www.edmonds-institute.org/manp1os.pdf
• Akhter, Yusuf, et al (2007) The Co-Evolved Helicobacter Pylori and Gastric Cancer: Trinity of Bacterial Virulence, Host Susceptibility and Lifestyle. Infectious agents and Cancer, 29 Nov 2007. 2:2 Online available at: http://www.infectagentscancer.com/content/2/1/2
• Dethlesfsen, Les; McFall-Ngai, Margaret, and Relman, David A. (2007) An Ecological and Evolutionary Perspective on Human-Microbe Mutualism and Disease. Nature 449 18 Oct 2007. Online available at: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v449/n7164/full/nature06245.html

More papers on Co-Evolution:

• Essay # 67485 : "Co-Evolutionary Interactions "
• Persuasive Essay # 124433 : "Co-Evolution"
• Research Paper # 118369 : "Evolution and Human Culture"

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