Bullying

Paper Summary:

This paper explains that, although it is difficult to prove causation, bullying has a variety of outcomes, including physiological symptoms and potential contribution to psychological conditions, such as depression and ideas of suicide and self-harm. The author points out that the best approach to studying the problem of bullying is to consider it within the context of normal social behavior where often both the bully and the victim have become enmeshed in a process of maladaptive social interactions. The paper relates that empowering the students to communicate with peers reduces bullying by enhancing conflict resolution and facilitates an environment in which more positive outcomes can occur.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Understanding Bullying
Bullying and Appropriate Psychosocial Development
Curriculum Deign and Bullying
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"The outcomes of bullying tend to be studied in terms of their short-term impact on the individual. Williams et al. (1996) studied primary school children and sought to identify whether physiological health conditions could be attributed to being the target of bullying in a school. The researchers surveyed approximately 2850 school children within a school district outside of London for health problems and compared these results with whether the child had been the target of bullying. Among the health problems surveyed were bed wetting, headaches, feelings of sadness, problems sleeping, and stomach aches."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Bagwell, C. L., Schmitdt, M. E., Newcomb, A. F., & Bukowski, W. M. (2001). Friendship and peer rejection as predictors of adult adjustment. In New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development. New York: Jossey-Bass. 25 - 51.
• Besag, V. E. (1987). Bullies and Victims in Schools: A guide to understanding and management. Retrieved 16 November 2006 from http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2/content_storage_01/0000000b/80/26/ee/d9.pdf
• Bulach, C., Fulbright, J. P., & Williams, R. (2003). Bullying behavior: what is the potential for violence at your school? Journal of Instructional Psychology. Vol. 30.
• http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&se=gglsc&d=5001967401&er=deny
• Cicchetti, D. & Toth, S. L. (1998). The development of depression in children and adolescents. American Psychologist. Vol. 53 (2). 221 - 241.

More papers on Bullying:

• Essay # 137347 : "The Middle School Bully: The Costs of Bullying, What Creates Him (or Her) and What Can Be Done to Stop such Activity"
• Analytical Essay # 123548 : "Bullying and Victimization"
• Term Paper # 72191 : "Peer Pressure and Bullying"
• Research Paper # 93125 : "Middle School and Bullying"

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