Breastfeeding

Paper Summary:

The paper examines the declining rates of breastfeeding, particularly among low-income and working mothers, with the intent to support increasing those levels among those populations. The paper describes the physiology of lactation, explores the barriers to breastfeeding and looks at the Hispanic community that experiences one of the largest deficits in overall rates of breast feeding. The paper discusses the post-delivery care when a lot of attention must be paid to helping women become active breast-feeders and relates that the quality and standards of care vary widely among the urban areas, states and individual practitioners. The paper discusses the role of nurse practitioners who must encourage their patients to breastfeed since breastfeeding has an overall positive life-long impact upon the health of a child.

Outline:
Physiology of Lactation
Barriers to Breastfeeding
Population
Current Standards of Care after Delivery
The Role of Nurse Practitioners
Increasing Knowledge of Breastfeeding in the Practice

From the Paper:

"Breastfeeding has, until relatively recently in our cultural history, been an unavoidable part of life throughout the entire world. But, in the "modern" era, a wave engulfed many mothers, particularly during the mid-twentieth century, which promoted the use of "formula", or manufactured powders that were thought to be nutritionally superior to mother's milk and, less potentially offensive to others (puritanical morals being what they were in the 1940's through mid 1960's). We now live in a world where advertisers say "breast milk is best", but then push the ease and benefits of their manufactured products. Women increasingly turn to formula when they cannot or will not breastfeed in public, or are otherwise forced to use methods such as breast pumps in order to feed their children while managing a job or otherwise busy schedule. Several studies have shown that there have been a series of declines in particular populations of the number of women breastfeeding at various times followed by upswings in other populations or communities."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Ahluhalia, IB, Morrow, B, and Hsia, J. Why do women stop breastfeeding? Findings from the pregnancy risk assessment and monitoring system Pediatrics 116.6 (Dec 2005): p1408(5).
• Allen, LW; Maxwell, S; Greene, JF. Building an award-winning women's health ambulatory service and beyond. The Journal of Ambulatory Care Management 26.3 (July-Sept 2003): p186(13).
• Anderson, A.; Damio, G.; Chapman , D. J. and Perez-Escamilla, R. .Differential response to an exclusive breastfeeding peer counseling intervention: the role of ethnicity.(Original Research). Journal of Human Lactation 23.1 (Feb 2007): p16(8).
• Bonuck KA, Trombley M, Freeman K, McKee D. Randomized, controlled trial of a prenatal and postnatal lactation consultant intervention on duration and intensity of breastfeeding up to 12 months. Pediatrics. 2005;116;1413-1426.
• Bonuck, K.; Trombley, M.; Freeman, K.; and McKee, D. Randomized, controlled trial of a prenatal and postnatal lactation consultant intervention on duration and intensity of breastfeeding up to 12 months. Pediatrics 116.6 (Dec 2005): p1413(14).

More papers on Breastfeeding:

• Essay # 87246 : "The Benefits of Breastfeeding"
• Persuasive Essay # 137234 : "Support for Breastfeeding Mothers"
• Argumentative Essay # 103679 : "Breastfeeding in Public"
• Article Review # 105175 : "Breastfeeding Duration"

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