Paper Summary:

The paper reveals that borderline personality disorder (BPD) is an increasingly common diagnosis amongst American psychiatric patients. The paper covers three specific areas related to BPD; (1) a description of BPD, including its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment protocols, (2) comorbidities which can commonly occur with BPD and how they can differ from patient to patient and (3) a review of current research to demonstrate new findings in the diagnosis and treatment of BPD.

Outline:
Introduction
Causes of BPD
Comorbidities with BPD
Treatment for BPD
Newer Methods in Treating and Diagnosing BPD
Conclusion

From the Paper:

"BPD's definition has changed over time. The current description of BPD includes antisocial disorder, eating disorder and generalized anxiety.
A complete list of BPD's diagnostic signs includes emotional vulnerability, self-invalidation, unrelenting crises, inhibited grieving, active passivity and apparent competence. This last symptom may seem contradictory to the earlier signs, but means that the individual may present him/herself as being much more competent than they really are. Thus, as with the earlier diagnostic signs, a basis of low self-esteem and deceptive behavior is consistent with that symptom(2), BPD is often associated with affective disorder in 66% of cases, according to initial studies(3)."

Sample of Sources Used:

• Paris, Joel. Borderline Personality Disorder: Etiology and Treatment. Washington : American Psyclhiatric Press, Inc., 1993.
• Linehan, M. Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York : Guilford Press, 1993.
• Toward a Generalized Definition of Anxiety Disorder. Akiskal, HS. Philadelphia : WCBP, 1985. World Congress of Biological Psychiatry. p. abstract.
• Oldham, James. Borderline Personality Disorder: An Overview. Psychiatric Times. July 1, 2004, p. n.p.
• Paris, J. Nature and Nurture in Psychiatry: A Predisposition-Stress Model of Mental Disorders. Washington : American Psychiatric Press, 1999.

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