This paper highlights and discusses all of the issues of stem cell research. Potential applications, angles on ethical objections and references to key opinions are made throughout this paper.
Abstract The following paper examines the isolation of human embryonic stem cells. The author attempts to discover what these cells are and why they are so important. This paper will also take a look at those people that recommend the use of other sources of stem cells for medical reasons.
From the Paper "This will potentially revolutionise medicine in the next century" (Smith, 1999)1 . The use of stem cells to develop drugs, study human development and provide a limitless supply of customised cells to replace damaged or diseased tissues, without incidence of adverse host reaction has replaced cloning as the perceived future of medical technology. The "Holy Grail" concept revolves around the knowledge that stem cells have the potential develop into any of the body's two hundred and twenty different types of specialised cells. The therapeutic promise of this is that once a stem cell has been isolated, it may reproduce endlessly in undifferentiated state and then be chemically coaxed to develop into any desired adult cell. Stem cells may eventually be used to produce tissues or entire organs specifically designed for their intended recipient. Cellular repair treatments for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases as well as many forms of paralysis, previously irreversible autoimmune conditions, are the most exciting channel for this field of research. The potential uses of these unrestricted cells could even go as far as the generation of massive amounts of human cells (e.g. heart cells) which could be used to screen dozens of potential drugs and pick out the most promising few, without harm to human or animal life."
Tags: medicine, century, drugs, study, human, development, customized, genetics
Abstract This paper critically analyzes pain as a clinical-related practical concern and explores possible approaches to this concern utilizing three popular conceptual models of nursing: (a) Neuman's System Model; (b) The Roy Adaptation Model; and (c) Orem's Self-Care Framework. Each model is gauged in terms of its worthiness for possible application toward the nursing concept, pain. In order to achieve this end, the JCAPHO Pain Management Standards (a standard for quality pain management) will be used to test each conceptual model.
From the Paper "Pain is a global-wide enigma that surpasses all social, socio-economic and cultural lines. Poorly treated pain is a huge concern for millions of Americans and people of other nationalities as well. Pain is an unpleasant sensitivity and emotional response to that sensitivity. The Nuprin Pain Report found that 4 billion work days are lost each year as a direct result of pain related issues resulting in huge financial losses to the economy--an estimated $79 billion per year. Thereby, consequences of the failure to adequately treat patients who suffer from pain by health care providers are measureless and constitutes the biggest problems nurse practitioners face today (R. Sternbach, 1986)"
Abstract This paper considers how an experimental test may be designed and implemented. The author designs a two-stage study, explains the various controls used and includes recognition of the limitations of such as study. The author uses the example of the hypothesis that left handed persons have lower levels of emotional control than right handed people.
Abstract This paper deals with the ethical and moral dilemmas of researchers and scientists when conducting their research on their fellow man. Discussed are certain issues such as blame and responsibility. Key cases such as the Tuskegee Syphilis experiments and the Milgram study are discussed.
From the Paper "When it comes to understanding human relations this can become even more complex and involved due to the involvement of intangible emotions and the aspects of inaccuracies that any study will contain due to the nature if the subject. One of the problems of this type of research is the ethical implications which may or may not be present in many of the research projects undertaken."
Abstract This paper concludes that the Adaptation Nursing Model can touch the innermost only of the healthy and curably ill patients.
Table of Contents
The Life History of Sister Callista Roy
A Clinical Scenario
The Nursing Process According to the Roy Adaptation Model
Strengths and Weaknesses
Conclusions
From the Paper "Her Adaptation Model had spread far and wide by 1981 and she and her colleagues started giving consultations to other schools on it. Many schools adapted it and soon she was a speaker through the Continent and in other countries. Her other ensuing engagements include a two-year postdoctoral program in Neuroscience Nursing at the University of California at San Francisco where she developed the concept of a holistic person. (Office of the Nurse Theorist); teaching at the graduate level at the same University and at Boston College.; co-chairing Knowledge Conferences hosted by the Boston College School of Nursing from 1996 to 1998 and from 2000 to 2001; and progressively expanding and upgrading her Model. "
Abstract A research design is described and explained for an intervention the objective of which is to reduce the turnover rate among technological professionals through enhancing the job satisfaction of such personnel. This description and explanation is presented within the contexts of (1) a description of the intervention, (2) the goal and objective of the intervention, (3) the target population for the intervention, (4) the stage of development of the intervention, (5) the purpose of this evaluation, (6) the evaluation design, (7) the sampling process, (8) the dependent and indepe
From the Paper "Research Design: Reducing Turnover Through Enhancing Job Satisfaction At CCMP
Introduction
A research design is described and explained for an intervention the objective of which is to reduce the turnover rate among technological professionals through enhancing the job satisfaction of such personnel. This description and explanation is presented within the contexts of (1) a description of the intervention, (2) the goal and objective of the intervention, (3) the target population for the intervention, (4) the stage of development of the intervention, (5) the purpose of this evaluation, (6) the evaluation design, (7) the sampling process, (8) the dependent and independent variables, (9) the levels of measurement for the variables, and (10)..."
From the Paper "This research examines an application of the statistical procedures of correlation and regression analysis. The initial part of the examination describes correlation and regression procedures, and illustrates the use of the procedures in an application. Following the description and illustration, the accuracy and appropriateness of the application is discussed.
Description of the Procedure, and An Illustration of the Use of the Procedure in An Application
Correlation and regression procedures are described in this section. This description is followed by an illustration of the use of the procedures in an application."
Abstract This paper examines the strategically important needs assessment phase of instructional planning for educational and business purposes. It defines needs assessment as a process of identify and monitoring a students or employees performance. The paper explains that needs assessment are used to resolve performance problems and retrain individuals and organizations by designing a curriculum based on the information acquired in the needs assessment stage.
From the Paper "When considering the development of any curriculum you must first start with the initial planning phase. Where should you begin ? what is your organizational goal? These questions must be answered before any instructional development processes can occur. Students of instructional planning are first introduced to the instructional design process, which includes the strategically important Needs Assessment phase. What is Needs Assessment? Simply said it is the systematic approach to evaluating current situations, and the comparison of those findings against the intended human or organizational performance factor. It is through this process that management can identify, and then monitor student or employee learning and job performance (Ryder 100)."
Tags: instructional, planning, design, students, observation, training
This paper is a research study of the effectiveness of performance appraisals, a term used for evaluating performance of employees in an organization, and the issues accompanying performance appraisals.
Abstract This paper is a research project which used a review of literature and previously completed research projects to evaluate if the achievement of organizational goals and objectives can be measured in part by effective performance appraisals. The paper reports that all of the studies confirm that effective and proper performance appraisals do result in better job performance, measuring performance effectively and enhancing care for work ethic. The author believes that an individual performance evaluation plan increases the employee's specific understanding of his jobs and the specific tasks that make up those jobs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Hypothesis
Research Questions
Assumptions
Literature Review
Causes of Performance Appraisal
Steps Leading to Performance Appraisal
Performance Appraisal
Research Methodology
Variables
Results
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Discussion
Conclusion
Recommendations
Conclusion and Implications
From the Paper "Till the end of 80s, though there was a large body of research in aspects of performance appraisal concerning accuracy of measurement, employee participation, types of performance measurements and other areas, there was no substantial research that specifically linked increased job performance and effective performance measurement with the performance appraisals. Then in 1994, a study conducted by Bruns and McKinnon, studied the following hypotheses and determined the link between performance appraisals and increased job performance through them. The first hypothesis stated that employees in organizations with well-defined, regular performance appraisal systems have more knowledge of their daily activities in more specific, precise terms than employees in corporations where this is not the case. The study further concluded that these organizations hence experience increased employee performance. The second hypothesis stated that employees in companies with well-defined and periodic performance appraisal systems concentrate their tasks on areas on which they are evaluated. In other words, such performance appraisals effectively measure the employee performance. This study has further been used throughout this paper as a recent step in this evolutionary process with the previous studies taken as classics."
Abstract This paper is a research proposal to investigate how the media portray homosexuality in the news, sitcoms, and advertisements. The paper looks at the imbalance in the positive and negative portrayals of homosexuals and proposes a need for further research in this area.
From the Paper "Homosexuality is a very popular topic on the news. Homosexuals are portrayed as ?unnatural,? ?threatening to society,? and are being harshly scrutinized. Throughout the News, such as ABCNews, the point of argument is whether or not gays should be able to get married or if they should be able to adopt children. Such negativity is not only shown throughout every state but our President of the United States, George Bush, is trying to "redo" the constitution so that homosexuals will be unable to get married or adopt. Public support for a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriages has grown in the last month, leaving the nation split down the middle as President Bush announced his support recently for an amendment(Morris). The implications of this amendment will be negative toward the homosexual community."
Abstract Ergonomics is matching the job to the worker and the product to the user. This research paper provides the reader with an understanding of office ergonomics and how complicated just one cubicle can be. The paper also stresses the importance of ergonomics in the office and all the hazards that it can prevent. Much can be gained from the proper use of office ergonomics, including higher productivity and fewer safety injuries. Many different organizations are referenced in this paper to give the reader the most accurate information regarding office ergonomics.
From the Paper "The cubicle, in all its glory, represents the modern day workspace for many workers and creates many frustrations. Technology has had an overpowering effect on the way we work today. As a result, we are spending more time at our desks and using a computer, leading to an increased number of ergonomic related issues. In this section, the author will discuss the hazards, dangers, and risks associated with poor office ergonomics. These include musculoskeletal disorders, sharp edges, pinch points, eye strain, poor posture, fatigue, noise pollution and emotional stress cause by working in a cubicle."
An analysis of the study, "Nurses' Job Satisfaction, Stress, and Recognition in a Pediatric Setting" by M.E. Ernst, M. Franco, P. R. Messmer and J. L. Gonzalez.
Abstract The paper examines the study, "Nurses' Job Satisfaction, Stress, and Recognition in a Pediatric Setting" that uses a quantitative research approach to look at nurses' satisfaction with their jobs.
Outline:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Questions
Hypothesis
Study Variables
Conceptual Framework
Review of Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments and Tools
Data Collection Methods
Strengths and Limitations
From the Paper "This study was conducted to resolve dissatisfaction that was occurring among nurses in the pediatric setting, (Ernst et al. 2004). Satisfaction among nurses is an important issue that is affecting the nursing profession. Job satisfaction in nurses should be of great concern to any organization. Nurses hold the majority of positions in most health care settings, and replacement of licensed personnel is costly and time consuming. In today's healthcare climate, with sicker patients and leaner staffs, some nurses become overwhelmed, (Huff, 1997). Unhappy nurses can translate into high turnover, unhappy patients, and a lower quality of care."
This paper assesses the A&F organization and determines the communication issues that need to be addressed in order to improve the overall organizational structure.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 1 source, 2000, $ 80.95
From the Paper "Abercrombie and Fitch is one of today's most popular clothing companies that cater to America's youth culture. A&F clothing is worn by children and young adults, but is largely marketed to the college-aged population. Abercrombie and Fitch has been in existence since 1892, beginning as an outdoors sporting goods supplier. Today, A&F stores can be found in malls across America and the A&F logo is easily seen on any high school or college campus. A&F clothes are even worn by cast members of the hugely popular television show, Friends. "
Abstract This paper examines ethical standards existing in the business world today and how best to apply these standards. Guidelines from Frank Bucaro, a well-known author and speaker, are provided as a basis to making ethical decisions.
The paper discusses the problem of childhood obesity and analyzes the possible causes. In addition to this, the paper discusses as to what should be done to resolve this problem.
2,260 words (approx. 9 pages), 5 sources, 2002, $ 69.95
Abstract This paper presents a study conducted on the increasing number of children classed as overweight or obese The author examines how childhood obesity most often lends to adulthood obesity, and how this may give rise to an immense public health problem in the future. The specific aim of the research study is to find out the reasons for the existence of the problem of obesity among the children, to study the consequences of the problem on the physical and mental health of the individual and to propose different solutions to the problem.
From the Paper "The research plan is developed with the aim to identify the health risks associated with childhood obesity. The research objectives thus defined aim at the identification of the health risks associated with the problem and on proposing the possible solutions to the problem. Moreover, it is the objective of our research to find out the possible causes of the problem and to define specific tools that are used for the identification of the problem. We have taken a sample of 30 individuals consisting of 15 girls and 15 boys within an age limit of 6-10 years. The sample is taken out of a wide population of the children attending schools and facing the problem of obesity. Sampling is done on random basis as it was the most convenient and simplest method of sampling when dealing with such a huge population. The research findings are based on the observations of the behavior of the children with respect to their eating habits, physical activities etc. The aim was to identify the reasons and consequences of obesity. After identification of the problem and the causes of the problem several suggestions are made in order to overcome the problem of obesity."
