A look at the problems of a free medium like the internet, various solutions that have been proposed, and ways to control the internet without interfering with freedom of speech.
1,756 words (approx. 7 pages), 4 sources, 2000, $ 56.95
From the Paper "The Internet has been a major concern of the American people and government for the last few years with controversies over certain types of web sites displayed over the Internet including pornography, hate group web sites, "inappropriate" literature, and other various kinds of web sites. Their main concern for these types of web sites is that this material is easily accessible to a young, impressionable audience. Some believe that censorship of the Internet is not the best solution. There are other alternatives to censorship that won?t violate the free speech clause as stated in the First Amendment."
Tags: technology, current, debate, essay, research, topic, internet
Abstract This paper describes qualitative research and contrasts it with quantitative research. It discusses the characteristics of phenomenological inquiry or naturalistic research.
From the Paper "Qualitative research, broadly defined, means "any kind of research that produces findings not arrived at by means of statistical procedures or other means of quantification" (Strauss & Corbin, 1990, p. 17). Where quantitative researchers seek causal determination, prediction, and generalization of findings, qualitative researchers seek, instead, illumination, understanding, and extrapolation to similar situations. Qualitative analysis results in a different type of knowledge than does quantitative inquiry. Eisner, (1991) points out that all knowledge, including that gained through quantitative research, is referenced in qualities, and that there are many ways to represent our understanding of the world."
From the Paper " Introduction
This paper compares and contrasts qualitative and quantitative research methods in three basic areas. These are: epistemological foundations, data collection methods, and data analysis methods. The paper ends with a brief summary of the primary points made.
Comparison
Gall, Borg and Gall (1996) discuss several similarities and differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. With respect to similarities, both kinds of research formulate epistemological positions regarding the nature of causation and reality and both comprise a set of methods for designing research, collecting data, analyzing data, and..."
From the Paper "A number of old people might wish they could be young again; however, being a young person today is not as easy as they assume. Young people have to cope with tons of pressure and troubles as well as adults do. In fact, there have been many teenagers who couldn?t handle life and killed themselves. 'Five thousand teens successfully kill themselves each year, about one every 90 minutes."
A comparative review of the research literature on youth violence. This paper analyzes three current research articles that focus on the correlation between exposure to violence in youth with other variables such as: gender, race and ethnicity and neighbo
3,940 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 7 sources, 2001, $ 107.95
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion on the causes of violence and the risks of exposure to violence in youth. The author looks at three studies that research the above by investigating family functioning and community surroundings, personal victimization and relations to victims and effects of home and race.
From the Paper "Although the research compiled on the causation of violence in youth is endless, few studies have focused their attention onto the exposure of violence in youth as a cause of aggressive or violent behavior. Additionally, fewer studies have researched what the risks of exposure to violence in youth consist of. In order to decrease violence in our youth, we must be aware of the risks. To accomplish this goal, research must be conducted, reviewed and continued. Three recent studies on the risk of exposure to violence are discussed within. All three studies included minority adolescent participants and ranged from ages 10-19, while two of the studies included the adolescents? primary care providers. Independent variables in one study primarily focused on family functioning and community environments. The second study looked mainly at personal victimization and relationships to victims in violence witnessed. The third study's primary independent variables were devoted to household income and race/ethnicity. By conducting research through interviews and self-report questionnaires, performing statistical tests, including chi square and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), each of the studies found significant results in relation to a risk of violence exposure. Lastly, further research suggestions for different perspectives on exposure risks in youth are included."
Abstract This paper looks at studies which discuss whether the order of child's birth (first born, second born, etc) influences their personality and future. It compares how different children function according to their birth order and whether there are similarities in these. Psychological examinations are also performed and examined.
From the Paper "In previous years there have been quite a bit of research conducted on the subject of birth order and personality. However research on this matter has declined in at least the last 10 to 20 years. In all regards, it is the common perception that people who are first-born have the strongest disposition and have leadership tendencies. Research also tends to point out that children who are first-born usually have greater achievements in their professional careers. By the same token, these students are also more likely to have more mental disturbances than their younger siblings ( Nyman). There are conflicting results as to the popularity factor concerning the first born. Some researchers content that the first-born are generally more popular, thus more out-going. While others contend that the first-born are less popular?and perhaps more stand-offish (Nyman)."
Tags: sibling, rival, pressure, leader, follower, birth, order
Abstract This paper deals with a review of the literature using guided reading as a tool in the classroom and how it can be used in a classroom. It offers a comprehensive methodology of how to implement guided reading and how to achieve the benefits of this activity. The research is based on a wide variety of sources and provides a good review.
From the Paper "A critical foundation in guided reading is that students read the materials at their instructional levels. During a typical lesson, students discuss both the content and the strategies that they used to make sense of what is being read. Specific attention is devoted to comprehension levels, questioning, before-reading strategies, during-reading strategies, and after-reading strategies."
From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine the nonfiction book How to Lie with Statistics by Darrell Huff. The plan of the research will be to set forth the main ideas of the book as a chapter-by-chapter summary of the important ideas, including examples of misleading uses of statistics of the type presented.
The Sample with the Built-In Bias. Statistical measurement begins with assembling a credible sample of respondents on which to base conclusions that can be generalized from the sample to the population. There are two factors to consider: whether the respondents are truly representative of what is being measured, and whether the respondents tell the truth when they are asked questions. Both features of a sample may contribute to bias in the reporting of information. Huff cites a survey in which voters in 1936 were asked over the phone predict election ..."
Abstract Music has long been thought of as a mood-altering medium. As a way of influencing customer's moods, virtually all retail stores including supermarkets have some sort of background music playing. A number of studies have been done that analyze the effect in-store music has on customer perception and behavior but relatively few that examine the actual effect of a particular type of music influencing the purchase of a particular product. This paper tries to prove that music associated with a particular country (i.e. stereotypically Italian music will influence people to buy pasta or olive oil) will influence people to buy products associated from the country associated with the music in a supermarket setting.
Abstract This paper discusses certain research methods and types of research and the importance of ethics in research. The author feels that when carrying out research it is extremely important that the research is conducted in a safe and ethical manner. He feels that researchers must ensure that the rights of the research subjects are not violated in any way. This paper contains excerpts from studies on the matter and their conclusions.
From the Paper " "Educational researchers have good intentions, but if they are not careful, their studies can place individuals in situations that involve risk" (Gall, 1996). Data collection, and analysis, subject selection, research procedure, credibility of the researcher and the worth of the study are all ethical issues that those wishing to perform a study face. Often researchers are the victims of poor planning or inexperience and their subjects suffer for it. "
This paper is a detailed presentation of the different guidelines that might be followed when deciding which elements should be included when conducting a quantitative research report.
Abstract This paper presents the many different guidelines that should be followed in a quantitative research report about burnout in the nursing profession. The author discusses some of the different problems that should be posed in the outline of a research report and include asking and answering what problem the study was conducted to resolve, and why the problem is an important one for nursing to study. Some of the research questions that should be posed include the asking and answering of the main research question and any secondary questions that may arise as a result of research. The author then covers the discussion of the hypothesis and lists some of the questions that could be asked in order to help with its development. The next questions that should be answered in the discussion are whether the study variables were independent or dependent, if a conceptual model or theoretical framework was used to guide this study, and if so, a description of the model or framework should be included. Some of the other questions that should be included are: In what way(s) does the literature review support the need for this study?; What study design is used?; In what way(s) is the target population an appropriate one for this study?; What are the extraneous variables in this study?; In what way(s) is the validity and reliability of the study instruments adequate for their use in this study?; In what way(s) are the data collection procedures appropriate for this study?; In what way(s) are the data analysis procedures appropriate for the data collected?; What are two major strengths of the scientific rigor of this study? and the final question that needs to be addressed is whether the scientific merit of this study sufficient for considering the application of its findings in professional practice.
From the Paper "What are two major strengths of the scientific rigor of this study?
The strengths of this study include the depth to which the factors were evaluated, and the level to which each hypothesis was able to be evaluated by the data collected. The findings concluded that: As hypothesized, younger staff was more likely to suffer burnout than older staff members. The nurses in the oncology departments suffered from burnout more frequently than the aids staff, but the occurrences of the latter group was a much greater level. This accounted for the fact that the aids nurses tended to emphasize more deeply with their patients.
Contrary to the hypotheses, the burnout rated between the two hospitals was significantly different."
Abstract This paper details a research design which will follow the hypothesis that when music is played, regardless of the type of music played, that shoppers will spend more time and more money as opposed to the amount of time and money spent when the music is not being played. It provides a methodology explanation, limitations of the study and implications of the study.
From the Paper "Marketers continuously attempt to influence shopper habits by manipulating their environment. It has been known since the early 1970s that factors such as lighting, layout, sounds, colors and temperature invoke emotional responses in consumers (Kotler, 1973). Research has shown that the amount of time spent in a restaurant was directly related to the amount of money spent (Caldwell and Hibbert, 2002). Musical preferences were found to play a factor in the restaurant experience. However, the tempo of the music was not found to be significant (Caldwell and Hibbert, 2002). Several researchers have focused on the effects of music on consumer behavior (North, Hargreaves, and McKendrick, 1996; Yalch & Spangenberg, 1990; Milliman, 1982)."
Abstract This paper explains that one of the most important components of any successful business is the ability to make effective decisions regarding the future; this allows the business to anticipate sale,s thus gearing their business components toward these changing sales figures. The author points out that one of the most important assumptions of business forecasters is that the past acts as an important guide for the future, but this presents a problem in times of uncertainty. The paper states that both the Delphi technique and time series forecasting are valuable forecasting tools in the right circumstances. The Delphi technique is useful for short term forecasts; therefore, it is often a more valuable tool for business forecasting during conditions of uncertainty.
From the Paper "Sony Corporation, along with many other large and small businesses, uses business forecasting techniques to predict future sales. The Sony Corporation of America is the American subsidiary of Tokyo's Sony Corporation. The company manufactures information technology, audio, video and communication products for both professionals and consumers. The company had over $62.3 billion in consolidated annual sales for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2003, with $20 billion in sales in the United States (Sony Corporation of America). Given these impressive sales figures, business forecasting plays an important role in Sony's corporate strategy."
Tags: Delphi, time, series, uncertainty, strategy, tool
Abstract This paper explains that WestJet needs to position itself to remain successful in the turbulent skies of Canada. The author points out the use of strategic planning in business management. The paper recommends planning tools and techniques in addition to a SWOT analysis, which the company will need to make this decision.
From the Paper "WestJet's management team has asked for a recommendation about what planning tools and techniques including but not limited to a SWOT analysis, which can be used to decide how WestJet needs to position itself to remain successful in the turbulent skies. Strategic Planning is a method for positioning an organization to take advantage of its future by capitalizing on opportunities, addressing proactively rather ignoring challenges, providing the kind of leadership that motivates employees toward superior performance, manage change rather than be managed by change, create ..."
Tags: WestJet, case study, challenges to future growth, strengths, weaknesses, opportunitues, threats, SWOT, recommendations and planning tools.
An overview of the Wrigley chewing gum company, their marketing and product strategy and how they revitalized the market by catering to evolving consumer tastes.
2,447 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 11 sources, 2000, $ 74.95
From the Paper "Industry experts have characterized Wrigley's marketing and product strategy in the past as "conservative"; however, marketing and product changes reflecting an awareness of changing demographics are helping Wrigley maintain their position as market leader and revitalize a mature market. "
