A paper which examines the reasons why foreign countries and their people dislike America and its foreign policies, yet reject the September 11 attacks.
Abstract This paper explores the reasons why many foreigners dislike the U.S for the foreign policy it carries. Topics that are discussed are America's support of Israel, repressive regimes, and its support of U.N sanctions on Iraq.
From the Paper "U.S support of Israel is undoubtedly the most influential factor in the dislike of America. Israel declared its independence in 1949 and it has since been involved in five wars with neighboring states. Israel plays a crucial role in the Middle East due to its strategic location amongst many of the world's Arab nations. The U.S has been a major supporter of Israel since Harry Truman recognized it as a sovereign country in May 1948. It is quite obvious why U.S foreign policy has always favored Israel. Factors such as long-standing congressional support for Israel, the clout of the pro-Israel lobby as well as guilt over turning away Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany have caused the U.S to form a strong relationship with Israel."
Tags: arabia, pakistan, palestine, saudi, terrorists, war, Hamas, 911
Abstract A discussion of what drives a person to become a terrorist. This paper examines why certain people become terrorists and why they perform the actions they do. It seeks to see if certain types of people are more susceptible to becoming terrorists and whether there is a fixed profile of a terrorist. The author concludes saying that different terrorist organizations act in different ways, and a generalization would not only be inaccurate but it could be detrimental to counter terrorism agencies. Further research into the study of terrorists and terrorism is called for.
From the Paper "Throughout time, different factions have relied on the use of terror to help impart their views and bring about a change in the status quo that suits their needs. Terrorists use different forms of terrorism that range from the kidnapping of dignitaries, to the mass murders of thousands of civilians. The terrorists who plan out these acts due so in a variety of ways, by having a few people go into an embassy and kidnap the dignitaries there, from hijacking an airplane and flying it on a suicide mission into a building. The psychological aspect of terrorism needs to be examined to see what psychological things they share in common, if any, and what motivates and drives them in these terrorist pursuits."
This paper is an in-depth examination and extensive study of the role that management plays in helping to insure the success of diversity in the workplace.
Abstract This paper is both a study and in-depth analysis of the role that leadership plays in ensuring that diversity in the workplace is a success. The author begins by examining the history of integration, beginning with the Civil War and post-Civil War periods, the the History of Civil Rights and pays special attention to the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 on diversity in the workforce. The paper also details how the role of women and ethnic groups has changed. Some of the topics covered include the relationship between leadership and diversity and the face of diversity and leadership in the New Millennium. The author then discusses the different assumptions and hypothesis used in the study about diversity in the workplace. The author outlines the study's purpose which is to prove that managers' actions affect the workplace. It then discusses how the researcher's methodology was to interview lower and middle management in twenty-five medium to large-size organizations about their attitudes towards diversity and to rate their findings. The author then discusses the results of the research, breaking down the different areas that were covered in the study, which effectively support the hypothesis that managers' actions, behavior and attitudes have a direct impact on the success or failure of diversity in the workplace.
From the Paper "There are two primary theories on leadership. Some suggest that leadership is a given talent. Some people have it and others do not. This was the prevailing thought in the earlier part of the century. Today, it is realized that leadership embodies certain traits, characteristics and skills that can be easily taught and trained into potential leaders. Hollander and Offerman had some innovative theories centered on this concept. They felt that effective leaders could shape subordinates through modeling. In other words, they could practice the principles that they wished to instill on their subordinates and accordingly the subordinates would act in the same manner as the leader (Hollander, & Offermann, 1990). When placed in the context of creating greater diversity in the workforce, this theory has many ramifications. A leader cannot expect that the employees will be receptive and non-confrontational if the leader themselves does not act in this manner."
Abstract This paper discusses the Cuban "Ten Years War", which began in 1868, and argues against America's interference in this war. It begins by outlining the background to the war and the course of its first three years. It then shifts its focus to the involvement of the U.S.A. in the conflict, starting with the initial American on U.S. shores, and then moving on to trace the U.S.A.'s decline into full-scale war in Cuba. It brings up the Paris Peace Treaty of 1899, focusing on its implications for Cuba, and links the later communist revolution to U.S. involvement in the war of independence. It concludes by reinforcing the argument that America's involvement in this war was not beneficial to any of the countries concerned.
From the Paper "In 1883, Frederick Jackson Turner gave a speech to the World's Columbian Exposition, introducing what is now known as the ?Turner thesis" of American history. This thesis says ?continental expansion...was the driving, dynamic factor of American progress. Without [it] America's political and social institutions would stagnate. If one adhered to this way of thinking, America must expand or die.? (Musicant) It was an odd moment to being saying such things, and a prophetic one, for America has, perhaps unbeknownst to him, just run out of frontier to conquer. Further expansion had to be overseas. Of course, "overseas" was already conquered, had its own government, and its own citizens. Thus a war of conquest rose on the horizon for America. The perfect opportunity to conquer arose during what was politely called the Spanish-American war, in which America stepped in to help out a struggling band of revolutionaries and ended up killing most of them and taking their lands for itself."
Abstract The paper gives a biographical account of the life of Richard M. Nixon from the time he served in the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate and eventually as the President. It discusses the controversies surrounding his career, how they can be attributed to the current events of the time and examines in detail the Watergate scandal which finally led to his resignation in 1974.
From the Paper "As a House member, Nixon worked on a committee that that started groundwork for the Marshall Plan, which was a plan to come up with a way to rebuild Europe after the devastation caused by World War II. Nixon was also member House Committee on Un-American Activities. This committee investigated Communist influence inside and outside of government. In 1948, he also helped fan fires of "McCarthism" when he was a part of the committee's investigation of Alger Hiss. Hiss was accused of passing secrets to the Soviet Union, which he denied the charges, and many members of the committee wanted to end the hearings."
Tags: navy, vietnam, war, mccarthism, watergate, scandal, marshall, plan, communism
A discussion of the claim that "agenda setting" by the popular media is the most important factor in shaping the public's view of the importance of an issue.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 11 sources, 2002, $ 43.95
Abstract This paper examines the research that has been done on the phenomenon of agenda setting by the popular media, and the influence it has on public opinion. The relevant literature is reviewed, demonstrating that a plethora of studies have established that agenda setting is a common occurrence in the popular media. The opposing argument, that the evidence for agenda setting is purely correlational, is addressed. The effects that this influence has on the public's view of what issues are important are explored.
From the Paper "Agenda setting is a real phenomenon, and is the most important factor in shaping the public's view of the relative importance of a story. Early studies in communications revealed that the media had a minimal effect on public thinking. As such, the study of agenda setting has become one of the first real investigations into the powerful effect of the media on public opinion (Morgan). Agenda setting is important because it shows that the news media has an important role to play in the subjects that the public think about. Agenda setting, in its most insidious form, tells the public what political matters to consider important (Severn & Tankard)."
Tags: communications, thinking, socioeconomic, political, Shaw, McCombs, election, news, television
Abstract This paper explores Karl Marx's candid views on capitalism, socialism and the industrial revolution, as seen in his "Communist Manifesto" of 1848, as well as how more personal issues such as religion, human nature, and morality relate to these changes.
From the Paper "In the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Fredierich Engels created a very clear picture of what they envisioned as the perfect society. Written in 1848, at a time of upheaval and political uncertainty in Europe, the Communist Manifesto was intended to clearly outline the ideas and proposals of the fledgling Communist parties cropping up across Europe at the time (Giddens, 1973). Yet Marx's allegedly logical basis for understanding the impact of political, economic and religious structures is in direct opposition to the applications of these elements in the ideal world that is envisioned within the morally grounded Christian perspective (Schmitt, 1997)."
Abstract A brief opinion paper of the president's political and technical interpretations of their powers as outlined by the Constitution and Federalist Papers.
From the Paper "The Constitution of the United States of America is often called a ?living document,? meaning, that as the times and circumstances surrounding social and political prerogatives change, the Constitution can be interpreted as such to apply to the general statues in question today. In creating the Constitution some two hundred odd years ago, the Founding Fathers provided for this flexibility and interpretation through various means. For instance, the elasticity of the document can be called into question by the ratification of amendments. Furthermore, some areas of governance in the Constitution are narrow and defined, while allow for such interpretation, namely the powers of the chief executive. The powers outlined in the Constitution for the President of the United States of America are general and vague. The forty-three men who have served our country in this executive capacity had differing views on their positions and the presidency as a whole. Many have broadened the powers of the president through executive orders, seeming to act in the face of public interest. Others maintained narrow views of their powers and their capacity to act as based on the Constitution."
Abstract This paper looks at the beginnings of Communism in Russia and Fascism in Germany and Italy after World War 1. It asks important questions such as how citizens of these countries could embrace such freedom-limiting forms of government. Points of discussion include: Governmental documents, Marxist influence, charismatic leadership. Fascism and Communism are described in a fair amount of detail, and are also compared to each other.
From the Paper "Political systems in Europe post World War I were terribly shaken if not completely destroyed. This is especially true in Eastern Europe where national boundaries were disputed and once powerful cities were virtually obliterated. In countries like Germany and Russia people had finally grown tired of being repressed not only as a nation by foreign enemies but individually by a wealthy ruling class of their fellow citizens. Finding themselves among political, economic and social ruin, these same people saw an opportunity to not just rebuild the pre-war government, but to create entirely new systems of government in an effort to strengthen their country and reach the highest level of power, prosperity and greatness. Two forms of government borne out of this desire for revolution were Communism and Fascism. Communism, the brainchild of Karl Marx, is basically an ideal or perfect form of Socialism. It is based on an economic system in which the government owns or controls almost all business and manufacturing activity. Fascism can be described as the absolute control of a country by a dictator. There is no individual freedom what so ever especially in the area of economics. With both of these systems seemingly compromising all freedom and individuality why did both win overwhelming support from the citizens of the countries involved? Fascism and Communism, with the help of strong and charismatic leaders promised the people revolutionary social change, socioeconomic equality, homeland security and essentially a better life ? promises that would never be realized. (I posted the first 2 b/c they work together as an introduction)"
From the Paper "This study will compare the views of Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas More on human nature. More in Utopia and Machiavelli in The Prince present views which stand in stark contrast to one another, emphasizing More's generally more positive view and Machiavelli's decidedly more negative view.
Unlike the cynical Machiavelli, More believed human nature to be good, created by God, and susceptible to great improvement if social, political, and economic conditions were reformed so that human misery were eliminated and that fundamental human virtue were thereby liberated and nurtured. More believed in socialism insofar as it would eliminate private property, which he saw as the root of evil. He believed that when private property exists, and when money dominates all other considerations, then "it is hardly ever possible for a..."
From the Paper "Introduction
The elderly population in the United States is growing in number as people live longer and as the baby-boom generation reaches old age, and yet this older generation may have a more precarious existence than has been true in recent decades for that population. There has been much rightful concern about the elderly in America in an era in which the extended family no longer holds sway so that the elderly are more often completely on their own. Another concern has been related to the so-called entitlements in the federal budget--Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and welfare--and the impact a reduction, either by design or because the system is not secure, will have on the elderly. Some see the system as politically untouchable, while others consider ways to reform the system and reduce the costs."
Radical change due to election of Vicente Fox of the National Actioin Party (PAN) & defeat of Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) after 71 years of control. Move towards a functioning federal government.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, 2001, $ 55.95
From the Paper "All who have borne witness to the recent transformation of Mexican politics seem to agree that the election of Vicente Fox- point-man of the National Action Party (PAN)- equates to nothing short of political revolution. The government of Mexico has, for the past 71 years, been controlled by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which has employed but one political agenda: to retain power at all costs. Therefore, Mexico has suffered; existing as a one-party, essentially authoritarian state under the transparent guise of federalism. Elections in Mexico, though held every six years, have been consistently rigged -- manipulated by way of ballot stuffing, bribery, coercion, intimidation, even murder. The time for change has come, and the people of Mexico appear to be seizing the day (Krauze, 1999, p. 18)."
From the Paper "The notion of democracy is a sacred one. In its most idealistic sense it is an inclusive idea; a blueprint for a society which will aptly pool the collective will of the citizenry, thereby realizing the dream of a government by and for the people. The most basic tool employed in a democratic state is the election. Voting is the essential proof of democracy, for it is the vote that endows the people with the power to influence the policies and laws which rule the land. The United States of America has been a symbol of democracy since its inception, championing the will of the people above all else. However, an examination behind the fa?ade of democracy in the United States reveals a troubling statistic: the U.S. is 20th out of 21 in voter turnout among the established democracies of the world(Grofman, 1999)."
From the Paper "C. Wright Mills is one of the few sociologists of the twentieth century who wrote within the classical tradition of sociology (Elwell, 2000). As a professor of sociology at Columbia University, Mills wrote throughout the 1940s and 1950s, publishing in major newspapers and journals of opinion and in "little magazines" in equal measure (Summers, 2000). Two of his books, White Collar (1951) and The Power Elite (1956), sold very well even outside academia and were very influential upon the early New Left (Summers, 2000). Thus, even though Mills died in March 1962 at the age of 45, his ten books and nearly 200 articles, essays and reviews had already won him an international reputation.
From the Paper "Shortly after the polls closed in Iowa on election night, Florida was called for Gore and it appeared as if George W. Bush was going to win the popular vote, but lose in the Electoral College. Of course, as the evening wore on the situation was reversed, as the election of 2000 became the first presidential election since 1888 in which the winner of the popular vote would not win the electoral vote and take office as President. As the election results centered on disputed votes in Florida, the election of 1876, in which the House or Representatives had to choose between competing slates of electors in an election that resulted in the winner, Rutherford B. Hayes, being known as "His Fraudlency" during his single term of office, calls to abolish the..."
