Abstract This paper explores Karl Marx's candid views on capitalism, socialism and the industrial revolution, as seen in his "Communist Manifesto" of 1848, as well as how more personal issues such as religion, human nature, and morality relate to these changes.
From the Paper "In the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Fredierich Engels created a very clear picture of what they envisioned as the perfect society. Written in 1848, at a time of upheaval and political uncertainty in Europe, the Communist Manifesto was intended to clearly outline the ideas and proposals of the fledgling Communist parties cropping up across Europe at the time (Giddens, 1973). Yet Marx's allegedly logical basis for understanding the impact of political, economic and religious structures is in direct opposition to the applications of these elements in the ideal world that is envisioned within the morally grounded Christian perspective (Schmitt, 1997)."
Abstract A brief opinion paper of the president's political and technical interpretations of their powers as outlined by the Constitution and Federalist Papers.
From the Paper "The Constitution of the United States of America is often called a ?living document,? meaning, that as the times and circumstances surrounding social and political prerogatives change, the Constitution can be interpreted as such to apply to the general statues in question today. In creating the Constitution some two hundred odd years ago, the Founding Fathers provided for this flexibility and interpretation through various means. For instance, the elasticity of the document can be called into question by the ratification of amendments. Furthermore, some areas of governance in the Constitution are narrow and defined, while allow for such interpretation, namely the powers of the chief executive. The powers outlined in the Constitution for the President of the United States of America are general and vague. The forty-three men who have served our country in this executive capacity had differing views on their positions and the presidency as a whole. Many have broadened the powers of the president through executive orders, seeming to act in the face of public interest. Others maintained narrow views of their powers and their capacity to act as based on the Constitution."
Abstract This paper looks at the beginnings of Communism in Russia and Fascism in Germany and Italy after World War 1. It asks important questions such as how citizens of these countries could embrace such freedom-limiting forms of government. Points of discussion include: Governmental documents, Marxist influence, charismatic leadership. Fascism and Communism are described in a fair amount of detail, and are also compared to each other.
From the Paper "Political systems in Europe post World War I were terribly shaken if not completely destroyed. This is especially true in Eastern Europe where national boundaries were disputed and once powerful cities were virtually obliterated. In countries like Germany and Russia people had finally grown tired of being repressed not only as a nation by foreign enemies but individually by a wealthy ruling class of their fellow citizens. Finding themselves among political, economic and social ruin, these same people saw an opportunity to not just rebuild the pre-war government, but to create entirely new systems of government in an effort to strengthen their country and reach the highest level of power, prosperity and greatness. Two forms of government borne out of this desire for revolution were Communism and Fascism. Communism, the brainchild of Karl Marx, is basically an ideal or perfect form of Socialism. It is based on an economic system in which the government owns or controls almost all business and manufacturing activity. Fascism can be described as the absolute control of a country by a dictator. There is no individual freedom what so ever especially in the area of economics. With both of these systems seemingly compromising all freedom and individuality why did both win overwhelming support from the citizens of the countries involved? Fascism and Communism, with the help of strong and charismatic leaders promised the people revolutionary social change, socioeconomic equality, homeland security and essentially a better life ? promises that would never be realized. (I posted the first 2 b/c they work together as an introduction)"
From the Paper "This study will compare the views of Niccolo Machiavelli and Thomas More on human nature. More in Utopia and Machiavelli in The Prince present views which stand in stark contrast to one another, emphasizing More's generally more positive view and Machiavelli's decidedly more negative view.
Unlike the cynical Machiavelli, More believed human nature to be good, created by God, and susceptible to great improvement if social, political, and economic conditions were reformed so that human misery were eliminated and that fundamental human virtue were thereby liberated and nurtured. More believed in socialism insofar as it would eliminate private property, which he saw as the root of evil. He believed that when private property exists, and when money dominates all other considerations, then "it is hardly ever possible for a..."
From the Paper "Introduction
The elderly population in the United States is growing in number as people live longer and as the baby-boom generation reaches old age, and yet this older generation may have a more precarious existence than has been true in recent decades for that population. There has been much rightful concern about the elderly in America in an era in which the extended family no longer holds sway so that the elderly are more often completely on their own. Another concern has been related to the so-called entitlements in the federal budget--Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and welfare--and the impact a reduction, either by design or because the system is not secure, will have on the elderly. Some see the system as politically untouchable, while others consider ways to reform the system and reduce the costs."
Radical change due to election of Vicente Fox of the National Actioin Party (PAN) & defeat of Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) after 71 years of control. Move towards a functioning federal government.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 10 sources, 2001, $ 55.95
From the Paper "All who have borne witness to the recent transformation of Mexican politics seem to agree that the election of Vicente Fox- point-man of the National Action Party (PAN)- equates to nothing short of political revolution. The government of Mexico has, for the past 71 years, been controlled by the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), which has employed but one political agenda: to retain power at all costs. Therefore, Mexico has suffered; existing as a one-party, essentially authoritarian state under the transparent guise of federalism. Elections in Mexico, though held every six years, have been consistently rigged -- manipulated by way of ballot stuffing, bribery, coercion, intimidation, even murder. The time for change has come, and the people of Mexico appear to be seizing the day (Krauze, 1999, p. 18)."
From the Paper "The notion of democracy is a sacred one. In its most idealistic sense it is an inclusive idea; a blueprint for a society which will aptly pool the collective will of the citizenry, thereby realizing the dream of a government by and for the people. The most basic tool employed in a democratic state is the election. Voting is the essential proof of democracy, for it is the vote that endows the people with the power to influence the policies and laws which rule the land. The United States of America has been a symbol of democracy since its inception, championing the will of the people above all else. However, an examination behind the fa?ade of democracy in the United States reveals a troubling statistic: the U.S. is 20th out of 21 in voter turnout among the established democracies of the world(Grofman, 1999)."
From the Paper "C. Wright Mills is one of the few sociologists of the twentieth century who wrote within the classical tradition of sociology (Elwell, 2000). As a professor of sociology at Columbia University, Mills wrote throughout the 1940s and 1950s, publishing in major newspapers and journals of opinion and in "little magazines" in equal measure (Summers, 2000). Two of his books, White Collar (1951) and The Power Elite (1956), sold very well even outside academia and were very influential upon the early New Left (Summers, 2000). Thus, even though Mills died in March 1962 at the age of 45, his ten books and nearly 200 articles, essays and reviews had already won him an international reputation.
From the Paper "Shortly after the polls closed in Iowa on election night, Florida was called for Gore and it appeared as if George W. Bush was going to win the popular vote, but lose in the Electoral College. Of course, as the evening wore on the situation was reversed, as the election of 2000 became the first presidential election since 1888 in which the winner of the popular vote would not win the electoral vote and take office as President. As the election results centered on disputed votes in Florida, the election of 1876, in which the House or Representatives had to choose between competing slates of electors in an election that resulted in the winner, Rutherford B. Hayes, being known as "His Fraudlency" during his single term of office, calls to abolish the..."
From the Paper The elderly population in the United States is growing in number as people live longer and as the baby-boom generation reaches old age, and yet this older generation may have a more precarious existence than has been true in recent decades for that population. There has been much rightful concern about the elderly in America in an era in which the extended family no longer holds sway so that the elderly are more often completely on their own. Another concern has been related to the so-called entitlements in the federal budget--Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and welfare--and the impact a reduction, either by design or because the system is not secure, will have on the elderly. In the recent budget debate in congress, Medicare was one of the issues, with some seeing it as politically untouchable, while others considered ways to reform the system..."
Analyzes bureaucratic problems, focusing on approval of new drugs. Organization, powers, consumer safety, deregulation, examples, impact of drug companies, reform.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 17 sources, 1996, $ 127.95
From the Paper "Twenty-five percent of the American consumer dollar is spent on products regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Each day in America there can hardly be an individual or, for that matter, a pet or stock animal that does not eat foods, take drugs or use devices that have been, at some stage, regulated by the FDA. The control of such a vast array of products has generated a large bureaucracy that has been under intensifying siege for the last fifteen years. The terms of the siege vary considerably. The deregulating impulses motivating the Reagan-Bush administrations produced as much criticism of the FDA as have the pro-regulation feelings of consumer advocacy groups. The agency has been criticized for its excessive indulgence of the industries it regulates and it has been accused by these same industries of producing pointless barriers to economic and..."
From the Paper " A number of different theoretical perspectives could be brought to bear on the economic and cultural development of a country such as Brazil, and one such perspective is known as dependency theory. Dependency here refers to the theory that development involves the dependency of the Third World on the developed world in a relationship defined by the exploitation of resources. Dependency theory was developed as an explanation for the patterns of development found in Latin America, finding that this pattern had been conditioned by the incorporation of the region into the capitalist mode of production. Development and underdevelopment are seen in terms of dependency theory as part of the same process and not as separate entities. A consideration of this view will be applied to the picture of Brazil that emerges from the book Samba by Alma Guillermoprieto,
From the Paper "The media in the time of the writing of the Constitution was a much smaller and more timid institution. Today, the media has become dominated by the electronic media, and especially by television, which has become powerful in ways not envisioned by the Founding Fathers. Television has become the conduit of choice for political candidates, and this has altered the style of the political debate, leading to the sound-bites and attack ads that have been so criticized in recent years. Television did not set out to shape the political debate and did not intend to cheapen that debate as seems to have occurred. It might be argued that the media lacks power because it does not seem to be in control of the capabilities it wields, but those capabilities are themselves considerable and have had a massive influence on how Americans conduct themselves in elections and between..."
Analyzes the changes in the unemployment rate during the term of President Clinton. The analysis consists of three parts: (a) factors affecting unemployment rate; (b) relationship of inflation to job growth; (c) impact of minimum wage on unemployment.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, 1997, $ 55.95
From the Paper "CHANGES IN THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE DURING THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION
Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the changes in the unemployment rate during the term of President Clinton who concludes his second term in office in the year 2000. This analysis will consist of the following parts: a) factors affecting unemployment rate; (b) relationship of inflation to job growth; and (c) impact of minimum wage on unemployment.
Factors Affecting Unemployment Rate
There are numerous factors affecting the job market in the United States: size and education of the work force, technology that replaces workers, industry changes and so on. The major ..."
From the Paper "Plato's Republic is a dialogue in which Socrates investigates the nature of the city-state and what the ideal city-state should be. The philosophical inquiry in this dialogue can be seen as addressing two primary conceptions, conceptions which are linked under the heading of idealism, with one detailing Plato's epistemology and the other his political philosophy. The first is a more metaphysical consideration of the nature of life and the world and how we can know what we know, while the second is the practical application of various concepts to the state to demonstrate the relationship between the individual and his or her society in a utopian city-state such as Plato would create but which does not exist. Plato's Republic describes a society that is completely rational, based on Plato's concept of the good life and developed to create and protect that..."
