Abstract The paper investigates the causes, objectives and results of the Vietnamese Revolution of 1945, led by Ho Chi Mingh, in reaction to years of slavery inflicted by French imperialists.
From the Paper "The Vietnamese revolutionaries had many objectives. First, and foremost, they sought to free Vietnam from the rule of oppressive French imperialism, and subsequent Japanese occupation. The Revolutionaries sought not only to free themselves from oppression, but to create a great society of equality, where no person was superior to each other. The Revolutionaries wanted to improve the living conditions of the common people, and free them from slavery and poor working conditions. This communist objective led the Revolutionaries to attempt to create a state where all citizens were equal."
Abstract A paper which shows how the people actively involved with the gay rights movement may be highly organized and their objectives legitimate, but they are still considered a threat to traditional family values and "normal" sexual lives of other citizens. The paper discusses how the discovery of the deadly disease AIDS was yet another severe setback for the Gay rights movements, as the disease came to be linked to the gays, so much so, that AIDS was termed as a gay disease. Although the movement for the rights of gays has had its share of successes and failures, it has yet to see the movement converted into state legislation. The paper discusses sexual orientation, the HIV factor and the creation of resource centers and movements.
From the Paper "One of the achievements in this field was the creation of a resource center called the Office of Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual (GLB) Student Support Services, with private funding, by the Indiana University Bloomington. It's principle objective was to serve the community of the university, with detailed information and resources on gays, lesbians, and bisexual issues, as well as offering information, support and referral for lesbian, gays and bisexual individuals. This center also refers students who have been harassed because of their sexual orientation to their GLB Anti-Harassment Team, which then assists the affected individuals, by finding a solution to their situation, and documents the incidents to ward off any future harassment. The benefits which have been highlighted by the opening up of resources centers such as stated above, is the creation of a support culture, which successfully helps those in need and guidance. [4]"
Tags: non-heterosexual, gays, lesbians, Anti-Harassment, Team, Censorship, GLAAD, Ellen, DeGeneres
Abstract The paper examines abolitionism which was a key issue in electoral politics during the thirty years that lead to the Civil War. It shows that most historians use the term abolitionism to refer to antislavery activism between the early 1830s, when William Lloyd Garrison began publishing "The Liberator", and the Civil War. It discusses too, the difference between abolitionism, a morally grounded and adamant social reform movement, from political antislavery"represented, for example, by the Free Soil or Republican parties"which promoted more restricted political solutions, such as keeping slavery out of the Western territories, and was more open to conciliation.
From the Paper "Abolitionism was never a independent or singular movement. It included a bewildering collection of national, state, and local organizations, opposing policies, and clashing personalities. Abolitionists are commonly depicted as benevolent white people deeply concerned with the well-being of enslaved blacks, symbolized by such activists as Garrison and Harriet Beecher Stowe, the author of Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852). In fact, a great number of abolitionists, including Frederick Douglass and Sojourner Truth, were African American. Free blacks in the North were stalwart in their commitment to the cause and provided a uneven share of the movement's financial funding."
Abstract This paper focuses on the airline transport and airport security anti-terrorist steps recently implemented. Three policies were introduced by President Bush - "Federal Grant Program to Strengthen Aircraft Security"; "Expanded Federal Air Marshal Program" and increased passenger security while in the airport. It looks at the advantages and disadvantages of these programs.
From the Paper "The aftermath of the World Trade Center bombing in New York City last September 11, 2001 made the US government formulate numerous precautions and measures that will prevent and eliminate the possibility of a terrorist attack to happen again. One of the preventive measures the US government has set up was to think of national policies in airline transportations and airports that will bring security and safety to the consumers and crew of the airline company. Three major steps were delivered by US President George W. Bush that will help attain the said objectives, that of the people and crew's safety and security."
Abstract This paper examines the writings of Aristotle and Plato on the subject of equality of all individuals versus the needs of society to be led by the best and brightest. A discussion is presented of the compromises made by contemporary American society, as a democracy, in order to acknowledge the importance of an elite.
From the Paper "We may begin our discussion with Aristotle's Nicomachean Nicomachean , which he wrote in 350 b.c. The treatise covers a range of topics, but focuses on the ways in which both a person's character and his or her intelligence are related to the chance that that person has in life to be both happy and virtuous. Aristotle's definition of "virtue" (like that of his contemporaries) was different from the ways in which we in general today define the term: It was more inclusive, perhaps being more akin to our idea of conscience or morality. In this treatise, Aristotle outlines two different kinds of virtue (which we might also translate simply as excellence): moral virtue and intellectual virtue. Moral virtue, for Aristotle, is an outgrowth of an individual's character and comes about through a lifetime of decisions and actions. In other words, for Aristotle, moral virtue is effected by the accumulation of a person's repeated and habitual choices: We make ourselves into virtuous (or unvirtuous) people by acting or failing to act in virtuous ways whenever we are presented with the chance to do so."
Abstract An essay focusing on the long and arduous process of getting elected President. Compares the elections of 1968 and 1992, both of which featured a strong third-party candidate who threatened to steal the presidency.
From the Paper "Being a citizen of the United States affords one with many opportunities that are sometimes taken for granted. As American citizens, we have the opportunity to vote for many offices at the national, state, and local levels. However, the election of the president of the United States every four years is undeniably the most important part of the American political process."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed examination of politics and justice in Greek and Roman literature and its reflection in western civilization. It discusses the works of Plato, Aristotle and Socrates. The paper explores the common issues of ancient and modern society: human rights, political systems and equality.
From the Paper "Since the beginning of time mankind has continued to evolve and change to suit its needs. The laws, mores and norms that mankind has put in place often have to do with history and lessons learned in the past. Some of the ways the western world functions come from modern need but often times the functions, expectations and standards stem from periods long ago. The ancient Greeks and ancient Romans created societies that many believe were extremely advanced for their time. Many of things that those societies and cultures followed are still used in modern western civilization today."
Tags: plato, aristotle, socrates, human, rights, political, systems, equality, society
Abstract This paper shows how the rights to due process is an inalienable human right. Various landmark cases are presented to reinforce the statement that "due process" is guaranteed by the Bill of Rights and the United States Constitution. Includes cases that date back to Barron vs. Baltimore of 1833 all the way to present day court cases.
From the Paper "Due process is a major fabric in the quilt of the United States Constitution. It is an important right, which without it the United States would be similar to other countries that lack the Constitutional protections that we offer. The Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is a major fabric that is of utmost importance because it places limitations on the government from taking our life, liberty and property without a trial or investigation. Protection of liberty is what the 14th and the 5th amendment is trying to protect based on the natural law traditions. Natural law is the tradition that humans have inalienable rights that cannot be taken by the government or any other entity, public or private. The historical traditions that go back to the days of the Hamurrabi codes have shown that there must be some type of timely manner and notification before the government can take any of your inalienable rights."
Abstract This paper analyzes post colonial Africa in a critical way, using contemporary thought in African politics. The role of the state in a state-led, as opposed to a liberalized economic entity and one where the state is expected to be partner, facilitator and mediator, yet to an extent still interventionist, is examined. Problems of democratization and development on the African continent, the epidemic of AIDS, other health disorders and lack of the state power to control some problems in ethnic clashes is thoroughly discussed.
From the Paper "After years of colonial rule, especially up to the 1960s and 1970s the concept of the state has been critically reviewed in order to appraise its function within the context of the operation of government and politics in Africa. It is one argument to suppose that within the post-colonial era ? which is the period just after the so-called "end" of colonial rule up to the pre and post-independence periods between the early 1950s throughout the 1960s and even onward to present ? the state lost or is losing its effectiveness. It is another argument to consider that with the establishment of multiparty regimes, the state's role was in fact consolidated. However, conceptually as well as practically, the role of the state and how Africans view the legitimacy of such an entity was much influenced by the fact that it was used by dominant groups within different African territories for individual domestic reasons. Different political cultures of some territories such as Ghana, Kenya, Burkina Faso, Mali and even to an extent Uganda, Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa generally, have only partially allowed democracies to flourish. This caused limited political, economic and social development in Africa as a whole."
A paper which examines the reasons why foreign countries and their people dislike America and its foreign policies, yet reject the September 11 attacks.
Abstract This paper explores the reasons why many foreigners dislike the U.S for the foreign policy it carries. Topics that are discussed are America's support of Israel, repressive regimes, and its support of U.N sanctions on Iraq.
From the Paper "U.S support of Israel is undoubtedly the most influential factor in the dislike of America. Israel declared its independence in 1949 and it has since been involved in five wars with neighboring states. Israel plays a crucial role in the Middle East due to its strategic location amongst many of the world's Arab nations. The U.S has been a major supporter of Israel since Harry Truman recognized it as a sovereign country in May 1948. It is quite obvious why U.S foreign policy has always favored Israel. Factors such as long-standing congressional support for Israel, the clout of the pro-Israel lobby as well as guilt over turning away Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany have caused the U.S to form a strong relationship with Israel."
Tags: arabia, pakistan, palestine, saudi, terrorists, war, Hamas, 911
Abstract A discussion of what drives a person to become a terrorist. This paper examines why certain people become terrorists and why they perform the actions they do. It seeks to see if certain types of people are more susceptible to becoming terrorists and whether there is a fixed profile of a terrorist. The author concludes saying that different terrorist organizations act in different ways, and a generalization would not only be inaccurate but it could be detrimental to counter terrorism agencies. Further research into the study of terrorists and terrorism is called for.
From the Paper "Throughout time, different factions have relied on the use of terror to help impart their views and bring about a change in the status quo that suits their needs. Terrorists use different forms of terrorism that range from the kidnapping of dignitaries, to the mass murders of thousands of civilians. The terrorists who plan out these acts due so in a variety of ways, by having a few people go into an embassy and kidnap the dignitaries there, from hijacking an airplane and flying it on a suicide mission into a building. The psychological aspect of terrorism needs to be examined to see what psychological things they share in common, if any, and what motivates and drives them in these terrorist pursuits."
This paper is an in-depth examination and extensive study of the role that management plays in helping to insure the success of diversity in the workplace.
Abstract This paper is both a study and in-depth analysis of the role that leadership plays in ensuring that diversity in the workplace is a success. The author begins by examining the history of integration, beginning with the Civil War and post-Civil War periods, the the History of Civil Rights and pays special attention to the impact of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 on diversity in the workforce. The paper also details how the role of women and ethnic groups has changed. Some of the topics covered include the relationship between leadership and diversity and the face of diversity and leadership in the New Millennium. The author then discusses the different assumptions and hypothesis used in the study about diversity in the workplace. The author outlines the study's purpose which is to prove that managers' actions affect the workplace. It then discusses how the researcher's methodology was to interview lower and middle management in twenty-five medium to large-size organizations about their attitudes towards diversity and to rate their findings. The author then discusses the results of the research, breaking down the different areas that were covered in the study, which effectively support the hypothesis that managers' actions, behavior and attitudes have a direct impact on the success or failure of diversity in the workplace.
From the Paper "There are two primary theories on leadership. Some suggest that leadership is a given talent. Some people have it and others do not. This was the prevailing thought in the earlier part of the century. Today, it is realized that leadership embodies certain traits, characteristics and skills that can be easily taught and trained into potential leaders. Hollander and Offerman had some innovative theories centered on this concept. They felt that effective leaders could shape subordinates through modeling. In other words, they could practice the principles that they wished to instill on their subordinates and accordingly the subordinates would act in the same manner as the leader (Hollander, & Offermann, 1990). When placed in the context of creating greater diversity in the workforce, this theory has many ramifications. A leader cannot expect that the employees will be receptive and non-confrontational if the leader themselves does not act in this manner."
Abstract This paper discusses the Cuban "Ten Years War", which began in 1868, and argues against America's interference in this war. It begins by outlining the background to the war and the course of its first three years. It then shifts its focus to the involvement of the U.S.A. in the conflict, starting with the initial American on U.S. shores, and then moving on to trace the U.S.A.'s decline into full-scale war in Cuba. It brings up the Paris Peace Treaty of 1899, focusing on its implications for Cuba, and links the later communist revolution to U.S. involvement in the war of independence. It concludes by reinforcing the argument that America's involvement in this war was not beneficial to any of the countries concerned.
From the Paper "In 1883, Frederick Jackson Turner gave a speech to the World's Columbian Exposition, introducing what is now known as the ?Turner thesis" of American history. This thesis says ?continental expansion...was the driving, dynamic factor of American progress. Without [it] America's political and social institutions would stagnate. If one adhered to this way of thinking, America must expand or die.? (Musicant) It was an odd moment to being saying such things, and a prophetic one, for America has, perhaps unbeknownst to him, just run out of frontier to conquer. Further expansion had to be overseas. Of course, "overseas" was already conquered, had its own government, and its own citizens. Thus a war of conquest rose on the horizon for America. The perfect opportunity to conquer arose during what was politely called the Spanish-American war, in which America stepped in to help out a struggling band of revolutionaries and ended up killing most of them and taking their lands for itself."
Abstract The paper gives a biographical account of the life of Richard M. Nixon from the time he served in the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate and eventually as the President. It discusses the controversies surrounding his career, how they can be attributed to the current events of the time and examines in detail the Watergate scandal which finally led to his resignation in 1974.
From the Paper "As a House member, Nixon worked on a committee that that started groundwork for the Marshall Plan, which was a plan to come up with a way to rebuild Europe after the devastation caused by World War II. Nixon was also member House Committee on Un-American Activities. This committee investigated Communist influence inside and outside of government. In 1948, he also helped fan fires of "McCarthism" when he was a part of the committee's investigation of Alger Hiss. Hiss was accused of passing secrets to the Soviet Union, which he denied the charges, and many members of the committee wanted to end the hearings."
Tags: navy, vietnam, war, mccarthism, watergate, scandal, marshall, plan, communism
A discussion of the claim that "agenda setting" by the popular media is the most important factor in shaping the public's view of the importance of an issue.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 11 sources, 2002, $ 43.95
Abstract This paper examines the research that has been done on the phenomenon of agenda setting by the popular media, and the influence it has on public opinion. The relevant literature is reviewed, demonstrating that a plethora of studies have established that agenda setting is a common occurrence in the popular media. The opposing argument, that the evidence for agenda setting is purely correlational, is addressed. The effects that this influence has on the public's view of what issues are important are explored.
From the Paper "Agenda setting is a real phenomenon, and is the most important factor in shaping the public's view of the relative importance of a story. Early studies in communications revealed that the media had a minimal effect on public thinking. As such, the study of agenda setting has become one of the first real investigations into the powerful effect of the media on public opinion (Morgan). Agenda setting is important because it shows that the news media has an important role to play in the subjects that the public think about. Agenda setting, in its most insidious form, tells the public what political matters to consider important (Severn & Tankard)."
Tags: communications, thinking, socioeconomic, political, Shaw, McCombs, election, news, television
