Fascism

Paper Summary:

In this article, the writer points out that the start point in analyzing and understanding any social phenomena requires unambiguous definitions, empirical generalizations, general explanatory theories and a method of moral evolution. The writer maintains that regarding fascism, one cannot make a clear definition of what it means because there is no agreement between theories in any of these areas. The writer discusses that fascism can best be presented by the ideology of Mussolini's fascism in Italy. The writer concludes that this ideology, put into practice by Mussolini, is the most comprehensive and well-argued theory that pictures fascist beliefs, in comparison to any other theory, that was not as firmly formulated.

From the Paper:

"Analyzing the theories from this list, Gregor makes a critique of all theories, presenting their strong arguments, as well as their flaws. In his view, all of these theories, although they seem well organized, have a shortcoming that makes them unusable."
"Taking into account the categorization of fascist theories into six categories, one can identify that a comprehensive theory of fascism would embody elements from all six categories. The only theory that Gregor identifies as being a solid fascist ideology is the ideology of Italian fascism, which uses some parts of all ideologies. As stated before, Gregor believes that there are many flaws in the theories developed so far, but there are also many elements that can be linked to what he believes to be the best representation of fascist ideas - Italian fascism under Mussolini."

Sample of Sources Used:

• William T. Blumh, review on James A. Gregor, Interpretations of Fascism, Journal of Politics, Vol. 37, No. 2 (May, 1975), pp. 586-588, at jstore.org
• A. James Gregor. Interpretations of fascism, Transaction Publications, 1997
• A. James Gregor. Phoenix: Fascism in Our Time. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction. 1999.

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