Abstract This paper briefly examines four aspects that could determine the level of passengersafety on an aircraft. It begins by discussing the design of the aircraft as a factor of safety. It then looks at how the psychological testing of pilots is also an indicator for reducing risks to passengers' safety. The phenomenon of fatigue is discussed, as well as levels of oxygen in the aircraft.
From the Paper "There are several areas of aircraft design that could be modified to enhance passenger and consequently personnel safety. One of these is the element of comfort and space in an aircraft. Passenger carriers, with the exception of first-class cabins, are notorious for their lack of space and maneuverability. The need to push and shove in order to reach one's seat when boarding the plane, and the need to wait while the first passenger settles in, could lead to heightened tempers. This may lead to potentially dangerous outbursts of temper. Worse still, such build-ups of temper could be repressed while boarding the aircraft, and surface only later at a more dangerous time. In order to curb this danger then, a higher ceiling within the passenger cabin can provide higher stowage areas, and either the elimination of one or two rows of seats can provide wider walkways. When boarding passengers can stow their luggage at a leisurely pace without detaining a row of people behind them, it will be more comfortable for all involved."
The goal of this well-researched paper is to stress the importance of recognizing and removing potential safety hazards in both the airline industry and the military.
Abstract This paper details the standard safety guidelines that must be followed by both the airline industry and the military, as set forth by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The writer examines the goals of OSHA and the FAA which is to ensure the safety and well-being of America's workers by regulating and enforcing specific standards, providing training and education while also encouraging constant improvements of safety standards in the workplace. This paper discusses the various areas of employment in the aviation industry including baggage handlers, forklift drivers and general ground crews. This paper also details the types of safety and health risks in the industry which include: Dangerous carbon dioxide levels, electrocution, vehicle injuries, ramp operation incidents as well as disruptive passengers. This paper discusses an incident in which two general ground workers died due to carbon monoxide poisoning, while refueling their vehicles. This paper also examines the various differences in the safety guidelines between the military and the airline industry as well as the logic behind the differences.
From the Paper "Baggage handling can cause back injuries. Many times employees lift heavy baggage, which can eventually take its toll on airline workers. In addition, electrocution can occur on the flight line. For example, one man got electrocuted while he repaired airport runway lights. He was a 54-year old certified electrician of an electrical contracting company. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), SARS is a viral respiratory illness caused by a corona virus, called SARS-associated corona virus (SARS-CoV). SARS was first reported in Asia in 2003. Over the next few months the illness spread to more than two dozen countries in North America, South America, Europe and Asia, before the SARS global outbreak of 2003 was contained (CDC, 2005). This disease is important for airline employees to become aware of and to learn proper safety measures to assist in avoiding such a disease from occurring, as it can be fatal."
Abstract This paper discusses safety in the 21st century and enhancing it by focusing on cabin and cockpit safety. Presently, the only automated systems required on board modern aircraft are the automatic fire detection systems for the engines and cargo compartments receptacle fire bottles. Manually operated extinguishers are provided for the engine and cargo areas. Pilot-controlled fire extinguishing systems exist for both these areas. Some aircraft have overheat detection in the avionics compartments, but no automated fire extinguishing system. Integrated systems are needed to detect and extinguish fires in aircraft, wherever they occur, before they can damage the aircraft or its systems. Since 1996, there have been three major aircraft accidents involving fire in the cockpit and cabin. Two had no fire detection systems; those accidents were fatal. The aircraft involved in the third accident had smoke detection that enabled the crew to land before the aircraft was severely damaged. This should make it clear that fire detection saves lives.
From the Paper "e industry has not kept pace with the demand put on it by significant changes to the design of electrical systems on airplanes. There needs to be a great deal of work done to prevent electrical fires from the beginning. We also need systems designed to provide fire detection and suppression in all the possible fire regions in the airplane fuselage, both accessible and inaccessible. Failure to execute these changes will put crews and passengers at an unnecessarily risk to experience a catastrophic in-flight fire, a terrible fate experienced by too many already. We can prevent in-flight fire catastrophes if we want to."
Abstract This paper deals with the new attempts to secure airports and airlines after the Sept. 11th attacks. The author argues that passengersafety is more important than the personal rights of any one person. Invasive searches, therefore, are understandable.
From the Paper "With the recent attacks on the US via airline highjacking with box cutters, travelers are questioning airport security standards. It has been suggested that every bag be searched thoroughly for potential weapons. This may be a direct violation of personal privacy but it is in the best interest of citizens across the world. As William Booth and Sara Kehaulani Goo report in the Washington Post Newspaper article entitled Travelers Adjust to New Airline Rules, "some [travelers] wished for even more security measures" (Booth and Goo A1). Items as simple as eyelash curlers, nail files, and spray can deodorant are being confiscated each day in numbers totaling over 5,000 (Booth and Goo A9). To some, this is a hassle but to others this is not enough. These items may be considered dangerous or could lead to fear or serious harm to passengers on airplanes. However, the obvious solution is simple, public safety comes first before any shred of dignity, privacy, or respect."
Abstract This paper looks at standards for emergency service workers in the United States. It focuses on two organizations and their work, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) which regulates standards for emergency service workers in the United States and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Some of the safety issues of concern to firefighters, paramedics and health workers include respirator use, needlestick safety, safety codes for buildings containing hazardous materials, training methods and the monitoring of new technologies.
From the Paper "To make the OSHA standards on respirators even more effective, the agency has also suggested a number of accompanying procedures, including a written plan with worksite-specific procedures to tailor program to each worksite; hazard evaluation to characterize respiratory hazards and conditions of work to assist in selecting appropriate respirators; medical evaluation to determine ability of workers to wear respirators; fit testing of tight-fitting respirators required to reduce faceseal leakage and ensure that the respirators provide adequate protection; training required to ensure that employees use respirators safely and periodic program evaluation required to ensure that respirator use continues to be effective (www.osha.gov). It should be clear from these OSHA regulations that while a great deal of the risks must be dealt with while actually fighting fires, a good deal of this risk can be reduced through thoughtful and thorough training procedures."
Abstract This paper discusses the purpose of accident prevention in truck fleet safety and explains all of the expenses associated with injuries and illnesses in fleet safety. Further, this paper identifies and explains the four elements of a small fleet safety program as well as lists employee selection considerations. Finally, the paper discusses the role of management in a successful safety program.
From the Paper "Driver recruiting and selection is stated in SafeReturns (ATAF 1999a) as "starting with the right people is key to overall safety performance." Those who use the 80-20 rule in hiring and who rarely or never hire from the bottom 20 eliminate the largest part of the potential crash risk and liability. Guidelines for recruiting methods for hiring safe drivers are laid out in the Truck Driver Risk Assessment Guide (ATAF 1996b) Included in these recruiting ads are (a) company practices relevant to safety (b) specific safety-related criteria for employment (c) specific "do and don'ts" for employment applications forms and structured interviews, and (d) federal regulations on required background checks as well as additional recommend background checks. Further used is a detailed driving road checklist that is used for screening drivers by fleets as well as commercial services that provide databases related to employment and personal inventories and psychological tests that are stated to be able to predict the safety of a commercial driver."
Tags:safety, directors, motor, vehicular, operations, competent, well-trained, work, force
Abstract This paper discusses the issue of patient safety with regard to nursing and nursing leadership. As highlighted in this paper, nurses are the driving force behind patient safety. This paper examines the statistics surrounding the need for patient safety followed by a brief literature review and recommendations for implementing nursing leader based patient safety education and cultural changes.
Abstract This paper examines and assesses patient safety goals at Kaiser Permanente, West Los Angeles Medical Center Hospital. It looks at the importance of patient safety goals to older patients. and reviews the tasks that must be done to achieve patient safety goals.
Abstract This paper discusses the workings of fission reactor and focuses on the safety concerns connected with the production of nuclear power. The author looks at how most countries use nuclear energy for the development of military weapons though in some places it is also being used for peaceful purposes.
From the Paper "Nuclear power plants are used in for the production of nuclear fission power, which is used later in the production of military weapons. For the production of power, fission reactor is used which contains fissionable elements which when bombarded with neutrons produce some other elements including barium, plutonium and uranium. All these are later used in the creation of military weapons and some other similar products. Though the governments of the world in possession of nuclear power come under attack often, it is nonetheless considered a symbol of power over other nations. A fission reactor is used to produce a chain reaction with the help of uranium and plutonium and special devices are used for the purpose of regulating the rate of fission."
Abstract This paper examines the advantages of the institution of safety incentive programs to a business. It looks at how to raise the incentive of employees to follow safety regulations, such as offering motivational rewards and uses some examples of businesses to illustrate its points.
From the Paper "Every year, 3.0 million workers in the United States are injured in job-related accidents. The Social Security Administration reported that employers and their insurers paid more than $39.0 billion in workers' compensation benefits in 1991, i.e., approximately $438 per covered employee. Statistics reveal 5.9 million work-related illnesses and injuries in the private sector, with a rate per 100 workers of 6.7%; it is estimated that injuries alone cost US businesses over $110 billion annually (1998 statistics)."
Tags: institute, workforce, employer, employee, advantage, safety, regulations, motivation, rewards
Abstract The writer of this informative paper defines and explains the concerns and goals of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA) which is applicable to all employers and their employees in the U.S. as well as the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. This paper analyzes the Federal OSHA standards which are categorized into four main groups comprised of general industry, construction, maritime and agriculture. This paper examines those individuals and industries which are exempt from OSHA's requirements and regulations including self-employed individuals and farms which employ only family members of the actual owner. This paper details the various conditions employers must adhere to when complying with OSHA's standards and regulations. The writer contends that the adherence to the standards may incorporate ensuring that employees are supplied with the necessary safeguards and tools to guarantee their personal safety and health. This paper also delves into the legal rights of both the employer and employee in matters pertaining to OSHA.
From the Paper "The Federal OSHA standards are categorized into four major groups such as general industry, construction, maritime and agriculture while some standards are particular to just one category others are applicable across industries. The regulation necessitates the employer to grant the employee access to any medical records the employer maintains with regard to that employee, incorporating any records about the exposure of employees to toxic substances. The standard of personal protective equipment requires the employers to extend the employees with personal equipment devised to safeguard them against some hazards. The equipment can extend from safeguarded helmets to avoid head injuries in construction and cargo transportation work, to protect the eyes, safeguard the hearing capabilities etc. The California Legislature enacted the California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 in order to ensure the workers safe and healthy working environment for all Californian working men and women."
Abstract This paper analyzes a case study called "The Safety Memo" in which a man tries to report a number of safety problems in a company and is intimidated by a manager who claims that the worker is being disloyal for pointing out these problems. The study suggests ways for the employee to protect himself and the writer notes how wrong it is for the company not to do something about the manager in question. The writer also points out the real threat being posed to the company by the policies the manager is promoting.
From the Paper "The problem at the Cable Company is described in terms of Gordon Baldwin, but the problem is actually that of the Cable Company itself. The company may believe it is saving itself from an expense and that it is protecting itself from the actions of an employee fully aware of the safety issues involved, but in truth the company is setting itself up for major problems in the future, including lawsuits, government action, and labor trouble. This analysis assumes that the behavior of the General Manager, Gil, is known to the company and is part of an effort to discourage dissent and safety complaints from employees. The actions Gordon has taken were understood and encouraged by his immediate superiors, and he has done nothing except send a memo to make management aware of the potential for safety problems for the company."
Abstract This paper talks about boating and boating safety. It first starts to talk about the statistics (accidents & deaths compared to accidents) then goes on to explain how to prevent accidents. The paper discusses different kinds of boats.
Table of Contents
A. Statistics
B. Types of Boats
C. Boats are made out of one of five materials
D. Marine electronic devices
E. Terminology
F. Traffic rules for boats
G. Gasoline and gas fumes
H. Before casting off
I. Life jackets
From the Paper " A fun activity for many families and individuals is boating. Boating offers many opportunities for recreation. Fishing, skiing, tubing and cruising are enjoyed by thousands of Americans each year. This paper will discuss boating and boating safety. In the year 2000 there were 12,782,143 registered boats in the United States. Minnesota ranks fourth among all states with 812,247 registered boats. With these many boats there are going to be accidents. From the 2000 United States Coast Guard Boating Statistics there were 7,740 accidents in the U.S. Many of these accidents were collisions, fires and skier mishaps. There were 701 deaths and 4,355 injuries. The open motor boat caused the most accidents in the United States. In 2000, 361 people were killed in accidents on this type of boat. Because of these casualties we will talk about boating safety later on in this report."
Abstract This paper examines how the Committee of Public Safety was created by the National Convention April 6, 1793 as a strong executive body to take control in post-revolutionary France. It looks at its reign of terror including its military victories and failures, its effect on the economy and its rule of the people through fear.
From the Paper "Once the Committee of Public gained its control over France it began to try to solve many of France's problems. Plans were being created on how to deal with persons who were suspect of counter-revolutionary actions. Many laws had already been passed against emigres and non-juring priests, yet there was no concise law describing how to deal with all suspect persons. The Law of Suspects, created September 17, 1794, was the first attempt to create a legal definition of 'suspects.' This law defined suspects vaguely. Suspects were described as persons who in any way have shown to be federalists or counter-revolutionary; those who could not give a good explanation of their civic duty to the revolution; former nobles and their families who have not shown complete support for the revolution, and those who have been denied the certificate of good citizenship. "
Abstract The topic of this paper is WSIB (Workplace Safety and Insurance Board). The paper identifies the reference groups and analyzes their various information needs. The paper discusses issues pertaining to principles and working of WSIB. The author also includes an examination of existing alternative forms of workplace insurance currently in use.
Introduction
Working of WSIB
Principles of WSIB
Conclusion
From the Paper " Each employer has the right to fight an employee's WSIB statement. Therefore, for instance, an employee might have a front injury when was caused on the job. The employer may say that the wound was caused by the hockey rink or on a road accident. So therefore, in any contested state where there is a lawful question of how the damage happened, the injured worker is supposed to be given the benefit of the doubt."
