Abstract This paper examines how Karl Marx's "Paris Documents" examine the philosophical concept of alienation, which Marx expertly grounds in the material construction of human existence. It looks at how the work Marx produced in the "Paris Manuscripts" accurately describes the conditions of laborers not only within capitalism but, more importantly, within the structure of civilization itself.
From the Paper "Well before Karl Marx completed his (in)famous Communist Manifesto, he was working on many of the preliminary ideas that would shape that work in 1844 in Paris. The work that Marx produced in those years was ultimately never finished but forms an important basis of our understanding of the development of Marx's critical perspectives. In particular, the Paris Documents examine the philosophical concept of alienation, which Marx expertly grounds in the material construction of human existence."
Abstract This paper analyzes a film that is filmed through fast paced action sequences, which describe a clean and prosperous city. The paper discusses the way that by analyzing the social and political turmoil of the late fifties and early sixties in Paris, France, these films represent a the clash between counter culture and the larger society norms at large in the city.
From the Paper "Film Studies: The Depiction of Paris of in the Films: 400 Blows, Cleo from 5-7, and Breathless In this film study the role of Paris in the cinematography will be analyzed within the films; 400 Blows (1959), Cleo from 5-7 (1961), and Breathless (1960). In essence, Paris is a city that is filmed in the rushing changes of a society that reflects a burgeoning metropolis in the modern era. In the film: 400 Blows, Truffaut is able to reflect his own experiences in the rough life of underworld through his directorial filming technique."
Abstract The following paper reviews the architecture of London and Paris during the period stretching from AD 1400 to 2000. The paper explores the similarities and differences between the two cities as it pertains to architecture; suffice it to say, while there are general similarities there are many more differences, and the paper explores how architectural divergences explain the differences in atmosphere and appearances between the two metropolises. At the same time the paper considers the differing architectural styles that distinguish the two world class cities.
Abstract The author of this paper shows how Gullickson clarifies a common misperception of history through unfolding an historical narrative and contrasting popular illustrations and images with historical documentation. The paper shows how this contrast was made using the women of Paris during the Paris Commune of 1871 as an example.
From the Paper "Even supporters of the Commune, however, tended to accept the notion of women in politics in schematic, rather than humanistic terms. While the conservatives saw the women of the commune as either furies or devils, supporters both of the day and historians of the past saw the women as ministering angels. Liberals tended to see the women of the commune also, not as soldiers engaging in a struggle, or engaging in intelligent and vital actions and negotiating strategies, but merely as physical representations of freedom (like Marianne in the painting "Liberty Leading the People)."
Abstract This paper offers a discussion and analysis of the artwork entitled "The Judgment of Paris," by Lucas Cranach the Elder. Specifically, the paper describes the subject of the work and analyzes it with regard to its expressive content. The paper attempts to answer the following questions: What statement do you think the artist wanted to make? What techniques did the artist use to make this statement? "The Judgment of Paris" depicts a famous mythological scene with great attention to detail and reality.
From the Paper "Lucas Cranach the Elder was a German painter who lived from 1472 to 1553, and painted in the Northern Renaissance style. This painting, "The Judgment of Paris," is tempera and oil on wood, which measures 401/2 x 28 and Cranach painted it sometime around 1528. Cranach enjoyed painting in a natural style, blending his figures with the surrounding landscape, and this painting is a good example of his technique (Editors). The landscape behind the figures is quite detailed. It even includes a medieval castle on the edge of a towering cliff, along with a medieval town set off in the distance in the valley, with a ship floating serenely in the town's harbor."
Abstract This paper discusses the group of writers referred to as "The Lost Generation", among them Gertrude Stein, who coined the phrase. It examines the commonalities between these writers including their search for meaning, their moves to Paris, and the themes of their writings. The works of Ernest Hemingway, T.S. Elliot, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Gertrude Stein are examined.
From the Paper "The name "The Lost Generation" comes from an epigraph to Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises. In this epigraph, Gertrude Stein wrote ?you are all a lost generation.? This name stuck and refers to a group of writers, poets and artists who left post World War I America and relocated to Paris to live the Bohemian lifestyle (Kaiser).
The years following World War I are described as bringing "a highly vocal rebellion against established social, sexual, and aesthetic conventions and a vigorous attempt to establish new values" (Encyclopedia.com).
These writers had several things in common including that they "searched for meaning, drank excessively, had love affairs, and created some of the finest American literature to date" (Kaiser).
The Lost Generation also refers to the fact that these writers were culturally lost. Unable to find meaning they moved to Paris to try to find something greater. This is one of the common themes of their writing, with these themes being described as "spiritual alienation, self-exile, and cultural criticism" (Kaiser)."
Abstract This paper looks at the impressive 700 year history of the famous Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. It examines the origins of its construction and how architectural tastes have changed over time, influencing different improvements made to the building. It links this history to the novel written by Hugo known as "The Hunchback of Notre Dame" and how through his novel, the Cathedral became famous again. It shows that through this fame, the Cathedral was given a face-lift.
From the Paper "More than seven hundred years old, the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris exemplifies Gothic architecture. Those who visit it cannot fail to be awed at the magnificent structure, which bears her history proudly, now restored to her former grandeur. Many millions of people in the last century have never set foot in its soaring halls, yet they feel that they know it, because they have read Victor Hugo's monumental novel, Notre Dame de Paris, or The Hunchback of Notre Dame. The Cathedral inspired Hugo to write his moving book, but the book in turn provided an incentive for the Cathedral to be restored from the ravages of the past. The histories of building and book are intertwined."
Tags: church, construction, building, architecture, gothic, romantic, art
Abstract This paper provides good sound advice to people traveling on student budgets on how to plan and travel to Paris without wasting money or spending lavishly, and yet, enjoying!
Abstract This paper will discuss the Paris Convention, and under what auspices it was created. By understanding the most important aspects of the Convention, we can see how it affected the world's economic structure.
Abstract This paper reviews Sue's work, which focuses heavily on the plight of the poor and the kinds of trials and tribulations that they were forced to undergo as a result of their socioeconomic status in 19th century Paris. It discusses how, in constructing his material, Sue is primarily concerned with expressing a political and social truth.
From the Paper "Certainly, one of the most important elements of the way that we as readers must even interact with the novels of Eugene Sue (and his Mysteries of Paris as it will be considered in the specific analysis to follow) is his indebtedness to the tradition of romanticism, which, at the time that he composed Mysteries of Paris, as well as when he engaged in the composition of many of his other works, was the dominant and most profoundly revolutionary intellectual and aesthetic trend sweeping through Europe at the time. Indeed, we can see the degree of influence and sway that Romanticism had over Sue in the very melodramatic and emotional content of his novels, whose characters tend to swing between enormous highs and lows as regards the way that they interact with fate and fortune. Indeed, this Romantic bias is not simply a stylistic issue that effects certainly elements of the plot and the embellishments of the prose; rather, Eugene Sue's Romantic bias had a profound effect on the very choice of subject matter that he chose to engage in the formulation of his novels as well as the light and manner in which those subjects were thereafter portrayed."
Abstract This paper charters the political career of "Colonel" Edward Mandell House and in particular his time as the trusted advisor to Woodrow Wilson. It looks at how House played an important role in the peace process at the end of World War I and how he was the American representative for the surrender of Germany, before arriving at the Paris peace conference as Wilson's personal representative. It discusses how he tried to secure a future for Germany with concessions made to the French outside of the limits of power and guidelines that he had been given to him by Wilson thus compromising Wilson's position.
From the Paper "Although Wilson and House were close, House remained an accomplished and ambitious political operator. He had been observing Wilson, and had concluded that Wilson's methods of doing things was not quick enough or ultimately going to solve any problems. He was also very passionate about the league of nations, and felt that Germany should not be treated to harshly, he said that "if the conditions we impose upon Germany are unjust, it will simply mean the breeding of another war". As house began to listen to all sides of the argument over the Rhineland. He took onboard all sides of the argument, and was eventually able to come up with a solution that would be acceptable to all sides, and eventually decided to give permission for the French to create a Rhenish republic, at least until they were able to rebuild militarily. House tried his best to address this issue, by suggesting the now infamous "demilitarisation of the Rhineland", which was to happen in three stages."
Abstract This paper presents a humorous look at Paris Hilton and her reality T.V. show. The author of the paper takes jabs at Hilton's life, pointing out how shallow she is, as well as the ludicrousness and bad taste of her show.
From the Paper "Yes, if there was ever living proof that the old adage that one can never be too rich or too thin is false Paris Hilton exists as living proof in her media presence across the airwaves and in the black and white of the popular press. Everywhere, one sees the guise of the nubile, waif-thin form of Paris Hilton. But how can someone so svelte in person seem like such a waste of media space? How can someone so rich in fortune be so poor in human interest, even so poor in words? What has Paris ever said with her lips not her body in the language of love, that is memorable? Even as a creative commentator on her own fame and spoofing her own celebrity she requires the assistance of a reality TV writer, rather than relies upon her own wit."
Abstract This paper explores and details two of world's greatest examples of architectural innovation and greatness. Both Notre Dame de Paris and the Taj Mahal are edifices that offer tourists and philosophers great inspiration as dramatic structures which herald the opulence and vision of bygone centuries. This paper contains in-depth historical facts and details the similarities and differences of both structures.
From the Paper "Inside the Taj Mahal, the central structure is not the Christian nave, but the impressive chamber containing the tomb. Two stories of eight rooms lay around the central chamber, thus adding emphasis to the central chamber and highlighting its importance. Outside the tomb is a reflecting pool, distinctive of Muslim Indian architecture, created for aesthetic purposes and for contemplation of the beauty of the tomb and the magnificence of the woman who lies within it."
Tags: france, architecture, history, gothic, style, india
Abstract This paper takes a look the Disney Corporation's failure at EuroDisney, Paris. According to the paper, the Disney Corporation was warned that the EuroDisney concept is not compatible with the French view of the world. The paper discusses how the Disney Corporation failed to listen to various warnings regarding this venture and how it is now realising that many of these warnings were, in fact, accurate.
Outline:
Introduction
Problem Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper "The fact that Disney encountered protests in Europe does not mean that only Europeans object to Disney presentations, for the company has encountered much the same criticism at home and has had its business affected by it. Disney wants to stand for positive values wherever the name appears, but some feel otherwise about the company. In the United States, the Southern Baptists have fought against the company for some of its media presentations and business decisions, such as providing benefits to homosexual employees. There is one association called AFA (American Family Association) that is trying to convince people that Disney cannot be trusted by families. The diversification of the company has added fuel, such as the acquisition of the ABC Television Network in 1996, creating criticism of Disney for everything that appears on the network. A related complaint is that "Disney is living off the reputation of the past" while not living up to the same values the company had in the past" (Svensson). Disney is not the only American company facing protests for real and imagined ills. McDonald's has also been a target, including protests and the dissemination of critical pamphlets in England."
Tags: cultural, issues, dress, code, theme, park, europe, Michael, Eisner
Abstract This paper looks at how in terms of entertainment, Paris had much to offer during the 18th century. It examines the most popular entertainments of the middle and upper classes, of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy at the time.
Outline:
Public and Private Balls
Opera and Ballet
Theatre
From the Paper "Many women would occupy their mornings with reading (if they would read - illiteracy among higher class women was much higher in France than in England at the time), drawing or music. The preferred instrument among French ladies was the harpsichord. It was considered very elegant and was an ornamented piece of furniture that could occupy a room on its own with only some chairs around for the audience. Some harpsichords were masterpieces of craftsmanship and bore elaborate drawings and carved birds, flowers, lake scenes, etc. J.B. Huet was a very talented painter who painted on harpsichords during the middle of the 18th century. The music women used to play was by Francois Couperin - his first collection Suites was published in 1713. They would also play Bach and Haendel. Mozart and Vivaldi were very much appreciated. "
