Abstract The writer discusses how steroids work, the health risks to men and women and the ways in which they are considered helpful. The paper makes a case for the use of steroids as a way to enhance one's physical form and to change one's self-image.
From the Paper "When we talk of steroids, we are not talking about creatine, ephedrine, androstenedione (a.k.a. andro), cell-tech, nitro-tech, or any of the other over the counter products that you may have heard of. The term steroid, androgens, androgenic steroids, anabolic steroids, anabolic-androgenic steroids, juice, roids, sauce, as well as a ton of other slang terms, all refer to the same thing. What really defines a steroid is testosterone. "Steroids can be Testosterone or one of the naturally produced or artificially produced derivatives of this sex hormone" ("T-mag" Part 1)."
Abstract This paper begins with a brief synopsis of the Atkins diet and the medical philosophy behind the diet. The paper then reviews studies on the diet's short-term safety and effectiveness and cites the positive results of these studies, while at the same time noting the lack of sufficient medical studies done on the long-term safety and effectiveness of the diet.
From the Paper "Recent research suggests that the low-carbohydrate Atkins diet is safe and effective in the short term. Today, millions of Americans follow the Atkins diet, making questions of safety and effectiveness increasingly important. In controlled studies, those on the Atkins diet lost more weight, had bigger increases in heart-friendly HDL cholesterol and had larger decreases in triglyceride levels when compared to dieters on a "normal" diet. Despite the diet's clear short-term success, the long-term effectiveness and safety of the diet have not been conclusively established, although a diet that combines the traditional Atkins diet with low fat may help to reduce some of these potential risks. Overall, the Atkins diet seems to be an effective way to shed pounds, at least in the short term. The Atkins diet may provide an effective and safe means to improve health, even when potential concerns about the diet are contrasted against the documented and well-known dangers of obesity."
Abstract The writer of this well-researched paper details the health risks which can and do result, due to the use of hormones in the beef produced in America and around the world. This paper traces the use of hormones in beef back to the 1970s, when the U.S. began using hormones to accelerate the growth rate of animals in an effort to conserve time and money. The writer contends that over 95% of the cattle in the U.S. are currently being administered growth promoting hormones. This paper examines the ongoing conflict between the U.S., the European Union and Canada over the ban on cattle products produced with growth hormones. Since the 1950s, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has been researching the effects of growth hormones and it, as well as other scientific experts, have found that there is no difference between beef raised on hormones and those raised without. This paper delves into the various FDA laws which permit the use of hormones in restricted amounts. The writer of this paper also focuses on the health risks involved with the ingestion of these hormones. Scientists and health experts contend that any increase in the level of hormones, above that which occurs naturally in humans, carries a potential risk of carcinogenic effects.
From the Paper "Beginning in the 1970's the United State's meat industry began using hormones to improve the growth rate of animals in an effort to conserve time and money. In 1981, the European Union began restricting the use of growth hormones within the Union itself, and also began restricting the import of meat and meat products derived from cattle that had been given hormones. During the past years, the European Union have updated and/or amended its regulations several times, generally to include more hormones, however, for the most part, the regulations have remained the same. The dispute at the World Trade Organization concerns the use of six scientifically approved hormones used for cattle growth promotion, estradiol, melengestrol acetate, progesterone, testosterone, trenbolone acetate, and zeranol."
Abstract This essay discusses the eating disorder orthorexia. The author defines orthorexia as the fixation on eating too healthy. The paper discusses what orthorexia is, its hidden causes, how it can be cured, statistics, and the dangers of the disorder.
From the paper:
"Orthorexia nervosa refers to the fixation on eating healthy food. It is referred to as correct appetite. Orthorexia is a long-term behavior pattern, not short term. Paying attention to food for a few weeks during dietary transition is not Orthorexia; constantly obsessing on food over the long run is. There are many reasons that eating disorders develop. Issues with control, a craving for perfection, and a vision of an unrealistic body image can be a few."
Tags: disorders, eating, weight, diet, health, cooking, raw
Abstract This paper addresses where the world's water sources are located, what classes of contaminants are found in drinking water, how it is processed to become safe for human consumption, and lastly, special attention is given to the problem of lead in drinking water.
From the Paper "The type of water we generally use in human activities is freshwater. Only 3% of the world's water supply is freshwater and two-thirds of that is frozen, forming the polar ice caps, glaciers, and icebergs. The remaining 1% of the total world water supply is freshwater available as either surface water or ground water; ground water accounts for two-thirds of this amount. Surface water is water that is visible above the ground surface, such as creeks, rivers, ponds and lakes. Ground water is water that either fills the spaces between soil particles or penetrates the cracks and spaces within rocks. Most people get their water from ground water sources. Roughly 9 out of every 10 public water systems. Public water systems operate wells to tap ground water and just over half of the total population served by Public water system drinks water from a ground water source. Millions more get their water from private wells which also tap ground water sources. Ground water systems tend to serve smaller numbers of people, while surface water systems generally serve large populations. The quantity and quality of the world's water supply depends on how we choose to use water. Our use can be consumptive, which means that the water is not returned to nature (such as drinking water), or noncomsumptive. Nonconsumptive use returns water, polluted or not, to the system. Creating hydroelectric power is an example of nonconsumptive use. "
Abstract This paper presents arguments for and against genetically altered plants. Those for the idea list benefits such as plants being stronger and less prone to insects, while those against say that the plants would taste worse and might be more prone to giving off allergens. It also looks at current trends in this practice and legislation governing it.
From the Paper "The issue of whether we should allow genetically altered plants to be cultivated in the United States has been in the news lately. As with most controversial ideas, there are two sides.
"Proponents of the idea see several good reasons for proceeding with such projects. According to Hopkin (2001), one goal would be to breed plants more resistant to insects. This would reduce the need to use toxic chemicals to control those pests. Researchers would insert only a few select genes. They point out that with cross-pollination, the old-fashioned way of creating new strains, thousands of new genes are introduced to a plant at once. They believe the level of control would both aid research and promote safety."
Abstract The paper studies risk factors for developing coronary heart disease such as heredity, smoking and poor diet and the effect each has on the heart. It then goes on to examine how the use of moderate exercise can drastically reduce these risks and assesses several kinds of exercises.
From the Paper "Jogging has become very popular, especially with the onset of spring. Jogging, along with aerobics, dancercise, jazzercise, swimming, cycling, using treadmills and stair masters are forms of aerobics exercise. They are also called endurance exercises. Aerobics exercises help build endurance, keep the heart at a steady and elevated rates boosting HDL ("good" cholesterol), strengthen the bones in the spine, help maintain normal weight and improve one's sense of well being. Another form of exercise is isometric training-weight training. Isometric exercise builds muscle strength, helps maintain bone density, improves digestion, and some research indicates, lowers LDL ("bad" cholesterol). ""
From the Paper "The drug, caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), is consumed worldwide. It is found in tea, coffee, and soft drinks. Caffeine is also a common ingredient in headache medications and appetite suppressants. The drug's primary physiologic effects involve the central nervous system: Caffeine is a stimulant. In addition, over the past several decades, the compound's influence on sports-related performance has also been investigated. Various studies indicate that caffeine may improve endurance performance during long-term, low-to-moderate intensity aerobic exercise. It is thought that this effect may result from an increase in metabolic efficiency. Some investigators believe that caffeine enhances the utilization of blood borne free fatty acids. Unfortunately though, such factors as a lack of..."
Abstract This paper presents an extensive review of literature and concludes that there is a lack of conclusive scientific studies about the nutritional status of genetically modified foods. The author states that the industry is still in its infancy with lot of media attention and claims with no clinical validation. The author concludes that the need for further research in this area is seemingly endless, but the first step is to identify the markers needed to measure the dependent and independent variables.
From the Paper "One popular recent study claims that it has produced oil seed crops, which contain elevated levels of omega fatty acids, the same nutrients that make fish oil beneficial to the heart; at least this is how the mass media reported it. The real study, however, did not wish to infer that eating or cooking with their seeds would reduce the amount to fatty acids in humans. The product was being developed for the pharmaceutical industry. In this study genes that cause high concentrations of Omega-6 fatty acids in tobacco were transferred to borage seeds in an attempt to boost omega-6 levels in borage seeds."
Abstract Discusses evaluating nutrition for the elderly population. Issue of mindset of the elderly, as well as availability of food, vitamins and supplements. Problem of the institutionalized elderly who have an inadequate intake of specific nutrients. Food habits. Measures to build up the daily nutrient intake of the elderly and increase awareness of proper nutrition.
From the Paper "THE ELDERLY AND NUTRITION: AN EVALUATION
An overwhelming number of senior citizens, who are not institutionalized have an inadequate intake of specific nutrients, as recommended by the 1980 Daily Dietary Allowances. For many, the fact that they are not "eating properly" is balanced, in their minds, by taking vitamins and other supplements whose products are heavily advertised on TV, radio, and in publications such as that of the AARP. Perhaps there is no more important aspect of providing proper nutrition for the elderly in the coming years than being able to realize that a "quick fix" like taking vitamin or supplements does not replace proper nutrition. "The first line of attack for many problems is already diet-centered…Despite all the breakthroughs in nutritional research, deciding what and how to eat can still be enormously ..."
Abstract Although the primary function of a culture is to help a society deal with its problems and thus ensure survival, cultural success does not necessarily yield biological success. The paper shows that one of the fundamental principles in anthropology is the holistic perspective. An ethnographer uses this viewpoint to understand a cultural system through all of its ?cultural institutions- social, political, economic, etc.? The paper shows that by analyzing various cultural factors in America, one can discern that the growing prevalence of obesity among Americans is due largely to their culture. In other words, we live in a society that discourages obesity, yet all of our cultural institutions support it. By comparing American culture to that of other countries the world over and by using the holistic perspective, the paper shows that the rise of obesity in America over the past twenty years is due to the media, lifestyle and productive economy in the U.S. today.
From the Paper "The effects of American culture on eating habits and obesity are more obviously noted by studying immigrants in the United States. For example, numerous studies conducted by anthropologists at the University of Michigan have found that "Asian American and Hispanic adolescents are over twice as likely to be obese as first-generation immigrants" to America (Smith 994). Moreover, an in depth ethnography of Maya-American children, assesses that immigration to America increases the likelihood that children will develop obesity. By comparing the average BMI across samples of Maya-American children and Mayan Children, anthropologists were able to determine that the Maya-American children have higher average BMI than do Maya children living in Guatemala. This is a reflection of the fact that the Maya-American children's diet and physical activities changed dramatically under Western influence. Most notably, the Maya-American children reported TV and video games as their favorite leisure activities and claimed to eat unhealthy American fast-food regularly (Smith 999). By studying the effects that American culture has on the lifestyle of U.S immigrants, anthropologists have been able to confirm that U.S. culture does, indeed, cause obesity and have gone further to pinpoint what the major contributing factors of American culture are."
Abstract This paper examines and compares the advantages and disadvantages of bottled and tap water, both for the economy and for the consumer. The paper also examines the effects of both types on the environment, looks at the alternatives to bottled water and discusses the opinions of several experts on the subject.
From the Paper "There are several alternatives to drinking bottled water. The main alternative is just adding a water filter to your main sink. The water filter will eliminate most of the chlorine and other chemical aftertaste that is prevalent in tap water currently. A water filter will cost approximately $100, but in the long term will save plenty of money, considering that the average family pays $90 a month for home delivery of water. Water does not nearly compare to the minerals found in fruit juices, which sell for approximately the same price. Another alternative is another drink that does not contain calories like unsweetened tea, which is also more nutritious than water. There are several other options that are more nutritious, and as affordable as bottled water."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about the use of hormones in our agricultural food and the adverse effects it has on animals and the human consumers. The writer provides an outline of the effect the hormones have both physically and politically on the consumer and the nations that support the use of hormones. The writer also presents evidence of the health problems hormones are thought to cause.
From the Paper "As the world continues to grow, the need for food and dairy products increases as well. Using hormones to increase production of product initially seemed to be a good solution but as studies were conducted it became evident that there were possible problems and risks. The nations of Europe as well as Canada became concerned about the health risks involved with the US use of hormones in bovine. Because of the contradictions in opinions and study results it would behoove the nation to hold off on the use of hormone in cattle until the questions can be answered satisfactorily."
Abstract An analysis of a classic situation of the family dinner, which is at the heart of the movie "Soul Food". The paper offers a perceptive look at how food can unite a family.
Abstract This nutritional analysis is designed to provide the reader with a broad idea on what an analysis takes into consideration along with the effort put into it.
Tags: FOOD, DIET & NUTRITION, personal nutritional analysis
