From the Paper "The purpose of this research is to examine and define hypoglycemia and its causes, and to outline the types of nutritional program a hypoglycemic should follow.
Hypoglycemia, as the Latin words indicate, means low blood sugar. Although diabetes, high blood sugar, is the direct opposite problem, both conditions are linked to a defective sugar metabolism in the body. Insulin, which is produced by the pancreas, causes sugar to be used. In the diabetic system too little insulin is produced so that sugar remains in the bloodstream for an extensive time. The hypoglycemic's pancreas produces an excess of insulin which results in too little sugar ... "
From the Paper "During the first fifteen centuries of the Christian era, the world's population grew at a rate of 2 percent to 5 percent per century. The rate today in many countries is between 3 percent and 4 percent per year - meaning an increase of more than nineteenfold in the next century if nothing changes. It now takes less than a decade to add a billion people to the earth's population. The consequences of this unprecedented growth are the grounds for controversy. Continued growth at current levels will quickly outstrip the world's food supplies. Figures show global hunger has increased inexorably in recent years. One can look at the rates at which global food production has risen, outpacing population growth in recent years, and deduce that hunger is merely the result of the inequitable allocation of food supplies. A 1983 United Nations Food and Agriculture (...)"
From the Paper "The relatively new science of nutrition is taking on a much larger role in athletics today. The current fitness and health food craze has dramatized the potential danger poor nutrition can have on performance. The purpose of this report will be to discuss the nutritional needs of athletes, both professional and amateur. Included in the study will be a look at the latest information on elements of nutrition such as vitamin needs, diets and liquid requirements.
The term "nutrition" describes the method by which materials from the environment are consumed in order to provide the nutrients and energy necessary to support a healthy body. Nutrients, comprised of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, alcohol, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, dietary fiber and water, are found in varying quantities in all foods. No one food ... "
From the Paper "... report that student achievement is undoubtedly influenced by sound nutrition; that is, when sixth-grade students practice sound nutrition (i.e., eating on a routine basis, consisting of three meals per day, from the four food groups), they tend to have increased academic performance.
... report that numerous students, including those in the sixth-grade, forego the practice of sound nutrition for a variety of reasons, with attendant decline in academic performance. While estimates vary, it is thought that at least 3 million sixth-grade students forego a nutritious breakfast at least three times per week. The lack ... "
This paper discusses geriatric nutrition, age-related changes and dietary needs: Adequate intake, proteins, carbohydrates, fats/lipids, vitamins/minerals, water/fiber and diabetics.
4,725 words (approx. 18.9 pages), 18 sources, 1991, $ 135.95
From the Paper "There have been many researchers who have indicated that nutritional practices among the elderly both affect the aging process and are, in turn, affected by same. ... reports that nutrition may interact with the aging process in three important ways. Foremost is that most tissue functions tend to decrease during adult life, with nutrition and other intervening variables tending to somewhat ameliorate this age-related loss of tissue substance and function. Second, the frequency of many chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer, increases with advancing age and evidences the highest frequency for those aged individuals falling between 50 and 90."
Reviews and criticizes fad diets that began in the mid-1980s, discussing the response of the medical community and some alternatives, with a focus on liquid diets, their low level of effectiveness and potential health hazards.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, 1993, $ 55.95
From the Paper "Table of Contents
Summary 1
The Use of Drugs for Weight Loss 3
Problems Contributing to Obesity 4
The Rice Diet as a Possible Success Story 5
The Dangers of Fad Diets and Ineffective Solutions 6
Conclusion 7
Bibliography 9
Endnotes 10
Summary
There have been numerous fad diets and many best selling books deal with fad diets. Most quick.slim crash plans backed by someone claiming to be a diet doctor do not work. Some fad diets are, in fact, potentially dangerous and cause heart palpitations and poor nutrition. However, most fad diets and weight loss programs simply fail to produce permanent weight loss because psychological reorganization is necessary to deal with the psychological conflicts that led to the overeating and to change the person's thinking and behavioral patterns. The major stumbling block leading to the diet failure is that the obese person is "thinking ..."
Discusses the physical and psychological adaptations required for the well-being of elderly. Examines diet, exercise, medication, alcohol and depression.
2,250 words (approx. 9 pages), 13 sources, 1995, $ 79.95
From the Paper "THE PROCESS OF AGING: ADJUSTMENTS REQUIRED
TO ASSURE CONTINUED WELL-BEING
Introduction
This research examines the process of aging. The focus of this examination is on the life adjustments required by individuals as they age in order to assure or at least enhance the probability of continued well-being.
The Aging Process
All life-stage theories of human development are concerned with the aging process (Heikkinen, 1993, pp. 269-277). Within this context, three types of aging are involved. Biological aging refers to the manner in which the body functions over time, while psychological aging involves the individual's perceptions of the aging process, and social aging reflects the ways ..."
Abstract Osteoporosis has been estimated to afflict from five to twenty million people in the United States alone. It is the principal cause of skeletal fractures in the elderly. The paper shows that while consuming enough calcium is important, bone health is more than just a matter of getting enough calcium in your diet. The paper examines what medical science knows about calcium and bone, and what it does not know about the disease, and overall bone health. The paper addresses five areas: calcium and bone, calcium nutrition, illnesses caused by insufficient calcium, suggested calcium intakes and, lastly, osteoporosis and calcium.
From the Paper "Osteoporosis is a silent disease and there might not be symptoms until a bone breaks and the condition is recognized after the incident on x-rays. The first sign may be hip or low back pain, or painful swelling of a wrist after a fall. Persons who fall into the risk factor groups should do all they can to avoid these symptoms by eating well and exercising. It is best to prevent the disease by building sturdy bones in childhood, but there are other steps you can take. Your peak bone mass is reached during your twenties and thirties so get regular weight bearing exercise, such as walking. In addition, get plenty of calcium in your diet and if need be use supplements. The average American diet contains about five hundred milligrams a day, but one thousand milligrams a day is recommended and needed. Do not smoke, and drink alcohol only in moderation. If you are at risk of developing osteoporosis and are nearing menopause, talk with your doctor about estrogen or other hormone replacement therapies."
Abstract The body of the paper revolves around the following thesis which stresses the importance of exercise for children: In regard to and in support of the topic of exercise and children, recent studies suggest that when children integrate physical activity into their lives they sow a seed of unlimited potential that will enable them to reap the following fruitful benefits: a higher intelligence, an increase in self-esteem, provision for proper physical development, and a remedy for physical maladies and mental disabilities. The paper uses several studies on the subject to support its argument.
From the Paper "Children are known for their endless supply of energy. This infinite tank of energy often perplexes adults because they simply do not know how to direct it positively. However, the best explanation for this innate condition is that children are given a vast amount of energy for a specific biological purpose. When properly directed and harnessed, this abundance of energy allows children to develop both physically and mentally. Thus, parents should encourage their children to be involved in some form of physical activity. Physical activity does not refer strictly to structured sports, but suggest an open arena of play that will serve as a healthy outlet for the child's supply of energy. In regard to and in support of the topic of exercise and children, recent studies suggest that when children integrate physical activity into their lives they sow a seed of unlimited potential that will enable them to reap the following fruitful benefits: a higher intelligence, an increase in self-esteem, provision for proper physical development, and a remedy for physical maladies and mental disabilities."
Abstract This paper states that diet can affect the development of cancer: The food itself may contain cancer-causing agents or carcinogens, and the intestinal bacteria undergo mutation because of diet and in mutated form may activate or produce carcinogens from the ingested food or bile acids. This paper explains that poor nutrition adversely affects all components of the immune system, which is associated with cancer. The author believes that different studies have found different results, and the resulting plethora of information can be organized to support almost any desired diet.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Role of the Immune System
Diet and the Immune System
Diet and the Development or Prevention of Cancer
Protein
Carbohydrates
Dietary Fiber
Lipids
Free Radicals
Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Vitamin E
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Water-Soluble Vitamins
Thiamine or B1
Riboflavin or B2
Niacin
Pantothenic Acid
Pyridoxine or B6
Vitamin B12
Folic Acid
Biotin
Ascorbic Acid or Vitamin C
Minerals
Selenium
Zinc
Calcium
How Much Is Enough?
Obesity
Where to Buy Food
From the Paper "Protein is receiving a lot of attention right now due to the quick weight loss success resulting from a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet. And like most forms of "extreme dieting," dieting that maximizes the ingestion of one specific food or food group and minimizes another, this diet is not healthy. Whether research linking high animal fat to a higher incidence of certain types of cancer is accurate, an excessive amount of protein can result in affects just as adverse as those resulting from a minimal amount of protein."
An analysis of the the health and fitness fad in North America with an emphasis on the social, economic and psychological impact of physical fitness centers.
Abstract The pursuit and maintenance of physical fitness, health and wellness has become, over the past three decades, a national preoccupation for North Americans. This has created a demand for an industry, now at a multi-billion dollar level, geared towards satisfying people's needs to exercise. Focusing on the operation of a fitness center, the author provides an in-depth analysis of the social motivations for participating in the fitness movement, the benefit of exercising, industry trends, the cost and benefit of creating such an operation, and the means necessary to maintain it successfully.
From the Paper "One area of the fitness industry that has grown and prospered tremendously as a result of the exercise boom of the past three decades is that of health and wellness centers. From 1975, when the Association of Physical Fitness Centers was formed, until 1979 membership in clubs belonging to that association rose to two million people. This trend continued into the 1980s when, in 1987 alone, over 1500 new health clubs were under construction (Stone, 1987, p. 10). The last decade has only marked a steady increase in the popularity and membership in health and wellness centers throughout the United States (Sanford, 1998)."
Tags: exercise, business, operations, dieting, body
Abstract When it comes to nutrition, terms like carbohydrate, lipid, monosaccharides, protein and cholesterol can sound almost like a foreign language. With all the conflicting reports of what affects ones body and what does harm, it is no wonder that people are so confused. The paper shows, however, that the importance of these substances is so vital that by understanding what they are, as well as how they are used by our bodies can certainly benefit our health and overall well being.
From the Paper "By definition, a carbohydrate is group of chemical compounds that exist when hydrogen and oxygen (H2O) are then combined with carbon (Ed., Encarta). Carbohydrates are the largest group of organic compounds found in nature (Encarta). Humans, animals, plants and bacteria all use carbohydrates, and the uses for them varies depending on the organism using them. Plants use them for structural uses ? as in the cellulose and hemicellulose that are their main structural elements (Encarta). The cell coatings of the connective tissues in vertebrate animals have carbohydrates in them; both animals and plants use various forms of carbohydrates to store energy (Encarta). Chitin is a carbohydrate, and is the primary ingredient for the exoskeleton of invertebrate animals (Encarta)."
Abstract This comparison of the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) needs of an amateur marathon runner and a "normal" non-athlete or sedentary person illustrates the difference in the quantities of nutrients each need to maintain a healthy and well functioning body. It also shows the consequence of continued consumption of such a diet to the marathon runner if the athlete becomes a non-athlete.
From the Paper "Once established, the calorie requirement per day will illustrate the difference in needs between the athlete and non-athlete. The normal sedentary adult requires .40 grams per pound of body weight per day of protein to stay within RDA guidelines. The adult competitive athlete requires .90 grams per pound of body weight per day, more than twice the number of the non-athlete. (Parsons, 2003)"
Abstract This essay discusses how caffeine is a powerful central nervous system stimulant whose effects diminish with increased usage. Larger doses, therefore, become necessary to avoid withdrawal symptoms. The exact mechanisms of caffeine's effects are not well known but are due, in general, to altered levels of certain neurotransmitters and the metabolism of circulating free fatty acids.
Abstract Advertising has long been associated with unreasonable claims, in fact, we have come to expect them. Advertisements quite often imply qualities about the products and people within the context of the ad that are simply impossible. Over the long-term, our culture has grown to accept advertisements as a fiction into which we are drawn for 30 seconds. During that time, the viewer suspends disbelief because of the formula at play and simply accepts the fiction that surrounds the product. In the realm of diet advertising, however, such fictions have turned out to be potentially dangerous or even deadly. Diet product and diet advertising has long made irrational claims about enormous changes in the body over impossibly short periods of time. Research shows that the level of false advertising in commercials for diets and diet products is staggeringly high. The FTC found that 55 percent of weight-loss ads make claims that lack proof or very likely are false (Eggerton, 2002). In fact, this problem has been ongoing since one of the first false-advertising in diet commercials claims was made; in 1993, the Federal Trade Commission charged that five of the nation's largest commercial diet-program companies have misled consumers by making unsubstantiated weight-loss claims and by using deceptive testimonials ("FTC Accuses Five Diet Programs of Deceptive Advertising", 1993; Cordes, 1993). It is proposed that research will demonstrate that the effect of false advertising (and thus false expectations) about diets and diet products has resulted in a greater health crisis in relation to weight than ever before.
