Abstract This paper discusses the basic issues of infertility. The statistics of infertility in the United States are presented and its causes are outlined. The paper illustrates and explains the different diagnostic procedures used to determine the causes of infertility. The paper claims that the majority of cases of infertility are treated with drugs or surgery. The emotional and psychological aspects of infertility are discussed. The issues discussed in this paper reveal that the condition is in fact a couple's problem that should be a public health matter.
Introduction
Occurrences of Infertility in the U.S. Population
Causes of Infertility
Treating Infertility
Medical and Health Issues Associated with Infertility
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper "The desire to have children is almost universal. Thus, whether driven by biology, emotional needs, or social pressure, most adults will seek to have a child at some point in their lives, usually taking for granted that they will be able to do so by the usual biological route (Fidler & Bernstein, 494). However, the inability to conceive a child is a condition that affects millions of Americans each year and has a profound impact on a person's self-esteem, personal relationships, sense of value, and sense of purpose, her health and her pocketbook (Fidler & Bernstein, 494)."
Abstract The measurement of access to health care in America is far from uniform. Even a cursory review of the literature reveals diverse methods, instruments and procedures for assessing access, each applied to diverse populations (e.g., poor, special needs, middle class, insured, uninsured, etc.) for diverse services (oncology, preventative care, prenatal care, etc.). This paper examines access to health care as related to the measurement of access and to the range of programs that have been developed to improve access. The writer's personal reaction to each issue is included in the report. The paper also includes articles referred to in the text.
From the Paper "Access has also been measured in terms of whether a person has medical insurance or a regular source of care, or whether people use emergency rooms as their usual site of medical care (Wood, Hayward, Corey, Freeman & Shapiro, 1990). Additional access measures include whether insurance covers recommended care (Hubbell, Waitzkin & Rodriquez, 1990), the number of structural barriers confronting an individual or group seeking health care (Dutton, 1986), and the degree of expertise of a target group's service providers (McCoy, Aversa & McCoy, 1999). My personal reaction to this issue is to doubt the accuracy of access data. This is because each of these different measures must necessarily vary in the extent to which they have adequately operationalized the access construct."
Tags: medical, care, National, Academy, for, State, Health
The paper discusses the various arguments surrounding the issue of donating organs from brain damaged people and whether it is ethical to do so or not.
Abstract The paper examines what constitutes brain death and the rare possibility that a brain dead patient may awaken from this vegetative state. The paper looks at the controversy surrounding the issue both from the side of the family as well as from the side of the hospital staff.
It also touches on the rates of organ donation in different countries as well as the ethical rules governing the transplantation process.
From the Paper "It is ethical to procure organs for donation and transplant from brain dead patients because the criteria is so stringent to declare someone brain dead that it cannot be construed as unethical(Donation, 2001). When a person is declared brain dead they have performed certain required criteria to make that determination. It is ethical to use the organs of a brain dead person because they are only alive by machines, they are not really alive. The use of these organs has the potential to save thousands of lives each year."
Abstract This paper examines both sides of the debate to legalize marijuana, particularly in light of recent ballot initiatives to decriminalize or loosen marijuana laws. The first part of the paper evaluates the arguments of those who favor keeping marijuana illegal, focusing on arguments of the gateway drug concept and the health dangers of marijuana use. The second part of the paper looks at the arguments for legalizing marijuana, especially for medicinal purposes.
From the Paper "The similarity between the pleasure-effects of marijuana and heroin and the severity of its withdrawal symptoms lends credence to the controversial "gateway" theory. Critics of legalization argue that marijuana users who do not choose to stop can very well become inured to the drug's pleasure effects. This may lead them to seek the same pleasure effects from stronger and deadlier drugs such as cocaine."
Abstract This paper looks at the various methods used to perform abortions, according to the different stages of a woman's pregnancy. The methods described include the RU-486 pill, Methotrexate Injection, Dilation and Curettage, Dilation and Evacuation, Hysterectomy and Partial Birth Abortion. In the second part, the paper examines the various ethical and legal reasons for cut-off points proposed regarding the termination of a pregnancy.
From the Paper "The preferred method of abortion is generally determined by the stage of a woman's pregnancy. Each method has its own side-effects and no abortion method is 100 percent successful. RU-486 pill. Also known as Mifepristone, the RU-486 pill is a synthetic steroid that blocks the actions of progesterone, a hormone essential to maintaining pregnancy. Without progesterone, the lining of a woman's uterus fails to thicken. The fertilized egg is thus unable to implant into the uterine wall and is excreted along with a woman's menstrual period."
Abstract The leading cause of death in America is cardiovascular disease. This particular disease was responsible for 960,000 deaths in this country last year, accounting for 41.5 percent of all deaths. Studies have shown that exercise reduces the risk of heart disease. Indeed, people who are less fit have between a thirty and fifty percent greater risk for the development of high blood pressure. The paper provides a breakdown of the different types of heart rates and why they are important to fitness and cardiovascular health.
From the Paper "The person who has been inactive for years should always consult a doctor before the beginning of a new exercise regimen, especially those who are middle-aged or older. Beyond this, those people who would like to start an exercise program but find facts and figures about the heart rate confusing should acquire the help and expertise of a professional trainer. These people are trained to understand the goals of their clients and to help them to achieve them in an appropriate fashion."
Abstract AIDS is the acronym for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, a human viral disease that affects and destroys the immune system. It is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and leaves an infected person vulnerable to opportunistic infections. No cure has as yet been found for AIDS and is invariably fatal once the infection is full blown, although certain treatments can prolong the life spans and improve the quality of life of infected people. This essay describes the disease process, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, etiology and the treatments available. It also briefly discusses how the disease is transmitted and its prevalence in different categories of people, e.g., gays and heterosexuals; men and women; adults and children.
From the Paper "Symptoms alone are not a reliable diagnosis for being HIV positive or even AIDS, since fever, sore throat, headache, skin rash may be the symptoms of many other diseases as well. The only reliable way for diagnosing an HIV positive person (i.e., whether someone has been infected with HIV) is by conducting a combination of an Eliza/Western Blot HIV Antibody Test. This test determines whether antibodies that develop to fight the HIV virus are present in a person's body. If they are present?it means the person is HIV positive. If the anti bodies are not found it may mean that the person is free from HIV. However, it is important to remember that the anti bodies against HIV may not develop for 3 months. (This period, known as the "window period" may in rare cases be of up to 6 months duration). Hence during the "window" period, even an HIV-infected person may test negative."
Abstract The poet W.H. Auden once wrote that ?Where love is strengthened, hope restored,/ In hearts by chemical accord.? For the past 50 years, a growing body of research has been proving Auden's observation, that love has a strong bearing on a person's health and physical well being.
This paper examines the effects of being loved on a person's health. The first part of the paper looks at the relationship of the love and intimacy associated with romance and marriage and a person's longevity and health. The next part of the paper then examines the effects of love in the context of family and a larger community. In conclusion, this paper posits that the growing recognition of the role of love in a person's health signals a shift, from viewing health as a purely physiological concern to a more holistic picture of physical, emotional and spiritual well being.
From the Paper "In his book Love and Survival, noted cardiologist Dean Ornish writes "love and intimacy are at a root of what makes us sick and what makes us well, what causes sadness and what brings happiness, what makes us suffer and what leads to healing" (3). Though he is a medical doctor trained to focus on physical symptoms, Ornish believes that love has a greater impact on a patient's treatment and cardiovascular than other factors such as diet, smoking, genetics or exercise."
Abstract This paper outlines the morality issue behind in vitro fertilization. The paper begins by explaining the concept of IV, so that the reader understands what specifically the method refers to. The paper then goes on to list and explain the various moral issues associated with the IV medical practice, including the biological, ethical and religious significance.
Contents:
Thesis
Introduction
In Vitro fertilization
Literature Review
Fate of the Embryo
Parental Rights
Cryoprecipitation
Human Embryo Research
Genetic Screening
Eugenics
Commercializing Reproduction
Multiple Births
Surrogacy
Religion
The Child
Conclusion
From the Paper "In 1978 with the birth of Louise Brown, the first child conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF), man finally realized his power to create, not passively through instinctual processes but consciously and actively. [Daar 1999] The desire to have children is strong in the human heart and infertility is a serious and painful issue. There are however more aspects to having a child than mere desire and the means by which the child is created is amongst the most important. Over the past few decades science has allowed individuals biologically otherwise incapable of reproducing, to make or have children by artificial methods such as in vitro fertilization."
Abstract Teenage pregnancy is a growing problem in America. Why? Many reasons stem to the need for teenagers to feel love and accepted. Often teenagers are abandoned by families and boyfriends when the teenage pregnancy is confirmed. Parents teaching their teenagers values and morals will aid in helping this problem.
This paper is a review of Keebler-Ross? book on the stages of death, "On Death and Dying: What the Dying Have to Teach Doctors, Nurses, Clergy, and Their Own Families".
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, 2002, $ 26.95
Abstract This paper is on nutrition and staying healthy. A lack of suitable nutrients can cause vitamin deficiencies, lowered immunity responses, weak muscles, osteoporosis, anemia, and slower wound healing, amongst other conditions. While eating the wrong things can lead to overweight, obesity, and raised cholesterol levels, with all the problems that these bring. There is ample information on how to ensure good nutrition.
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the nurse practitioner's authority related to prescribing medications. The extent of NP prescribing authority differs from state to state; reasons for this variation are offered.
Abstract This paper discusses the importance of drug testing in the workplace. In the United States drug use in the workplace is common which leads to decline in employee performance and this is why the "Drug-Free Workplace Act" was passed in 1998.
Abstract This paper focuses on healthcare provision for the elderly. It analyzes the fact that while the current health care changes are restructuring the system they're not focusing on the largest segment of the population-the elderly, which needs the most health care.
