Abstract This paper argues that, for most women, cosmetic surgery is a foolish option because the potential risks and complications outweigh any possible cosmetic benefits. The paper argues that the results of many procedures are temporary and affected by aging and changes in lifestyle. The paper also shows that cosmetic surgery skews the public's perception of how a woman's body should be.
From the Paper "We currently live in a society that is utterly obsessed with the concept of youth. Everywhere we turn we are bombarded with airbrushed images of scantily clad women advertising everything from cosmetics to cars. We flip on our televisions and are shown a perpetual reel of synthetic beauty that is forever touted as "natural" and "healthy", and sadly, many Americans have been persuaded to accept this notion. Rather than concern ourselves with expanding our minds and appreciating life's changes as they are bestowed upon us, thousands of people throw away billions of dollars each year in an attempt to fight the inevitable. Many continue to finance these costly procedures that result in a lengthy healing process, a great deal of pain, and in many cases only marginal results. Yet, this is the current popular trend and it only appears to be gaining speed as time goes on. Will there eventually come a day where women are expected to undergo cosmetic surgery because a natural physique is no longer deemed as attractive?"
Abstract This paper looks at how, as years go by, the debate over the ethics and morality of abortion rages on. There are those against it and those for it if certain circumstances apply. It attempts to answer the question of when abortion is morally acceptable or whether it should be considered immoral all the time. It puts forward the author's view that abortion is morally acceptable only in circumstances where the woman was raped or her health is at risk, whether it be her life or her fertility.
From the Paper "In the case of rape, anti-abortionists argue that it is wrong to have an abortion as well. They use the right to life argument again and state that a fetus has just as much right to life as the woman does and it would be unfair to consider the woman more of a person than the fetus, considering a person's right to life is protected by the constitution. I will grant them the fact that a fetus is a person and I will still prove their argument to be weak. Regarding rape, a woman didn?t ask to be violated and raped. Abortion is not wrong here because she did not give the fetus consent to use her body. This abortion should not be considered unjust because it initially violated the woman's rights and should not have happened in the first place."
Abstract This paper looks at how "Fast Food Nation" is a broad, investigative journalism work that describes, examines, criticizes, and attacks the American fast food industry on several levels. It is also an eye-opener that reveals to the readers the whole new facet of this industry and makes links that no one could have imagined existed. It shows how the fast food industry is a multi-faceted entity that is affecting lives of millions, usually in a very negative way, and how the most rewarding part of reading the book is the amount of new knowledge and insights it provides.
From the Paper "Understanding the history of each event or chain of events that led to the development of American fast food industry is a key in order to be able to grasp the whole picture of it. The book starts with describing the very roots of hamburger industry in the U.S. and the "founding fathers" of it. McDonald's Corporation and the Walt Disney Company were the two giant corporations that were developing simultaneously. Both had the same great impact in creating the American nation as it is now: controlled by giant corporations, interested only in making profits and in spreading "americanization" around the world."
Abstract This paper discusses the problem of obesity in the United States. The paper focuses on obesity in children, providing horrifying statistics of the increase of this disease. The paper identifies the medical problems that are caused by extreme overweight. The paper explains that nurses have an important role in promoting the health and well-being of the community and, by nature of their profession, they have better reach-out and interaction with the public. The paper describes the importance of planning and implementing comprehensive obesity control programs at the community level and in primary health care settings.
From the Paper "Obesity is a growing problem in America with more than 64% of the U.S adult population identified to be clinically obese or overweight. It is estimated that there are more than 300,000 deaths every year which are directly attributed to obesity. [CDC]. It would not be far fetching to say that obesity has in fact assumed epidemic proportions and is one of the fastest growing healthcare problems of our nation. There is a positive association between obesity and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and other life threatening conditions. A disturbing fact is the increasing rate of obesity among children in the age group of 4 to 16. Unhealthy eating habits and the modern sedentary life style have only aggravated the risk factors leading to a health care crisis. Nurses as community healthcare providers have an important role in increasing the awareness and initiating nutritional programs and exercise activities aimed at controlling obesity at an early age."
This paper uses Wilsonian Concept Analysis to gain a better understanding of addiction as a concept. It examines the structural foundation, identification, and relationship to substances.
Abstract This paper explains that the concept of addiction is most often used in the structural context of mental health because the mental health profession is concerned with how to care for the individual who is substance dependent. The author relates that addiction is the sum of the characteristics of unpredictable behavior changes, the inability to maintain impulses and self-control, and the compulsiveness to be gratified through an increase in dependency on the substances abused for pleasure. The paper concludes that the practical results of this conceptual analysis reveal that nurses can better understand and assess the need to care for the addicted client, worker, or family member when they have an increased consciousness about the structural forms that contribute to the solidification of addiction.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Isolating Questions of the Concept
Right Answers
Model Case
Contrary Case
Borderline Case
Invented Case
Social Context
Underlying Anxieties
Practical Results
Results in Language
Conclusion
From the Paper "The following case story serves as a pure example of all of the elements that comprise concept of addiction. Jim is a 35-year-old Caucasian male who began to "shoot heroin" with coworkers after work. His heroin addiction started out as a half a gram of heroin injected intravenously after work and over two years, grew to two grams of heroin per day. John has begun to let his personal appearance deteriorate. His job performance declined and he was fired. A usual day for him now involves sitting in front of the television in a state of euphoria. His wife and daughter, who live with him, urge him to seek help for his illness. His wife states, ?He has become moody and easily agitated."
Tags: mental, dependent, unpredictable, self-control, care
Abstract This paper discusses one of the greatest health risks affecting American youth today, childhood obesity. The paper claims that the number of obese children is growing at an alarming rate. The paper presents alarming statistical data concerning childhood obesity, including the heightened likelihood of children from low socioeconomic backgrounds becoming obese. The paper examines the serious and often fatal health conditions that are a direct result of obesity. Issues of self-esteem, genetics, and prevention of obesity are covered in this paper.
From the Paper "One of the greatest health risks affecting American youth today is childhood obesity. An individual who is considered obese has a disproportionately large amount of fat stored in the body, beyond the point of simply being overweight. While the definition of exactly how much fat constitutes obesity is still in flux, obesity is having excess weight enough that serious health risks are incurred by the individual. Many health professionals consider the vast amount of overweight people in our country to be of such epic proportions that it is actually known as an epidemic of fat. This condition is especially dangerous to children, and the number of obese children is growing at an alarming rate. Far from just being an issue of aesthetics or conformity, obesity may be the single biggest overall threat to the health of children in developed Western countries. While our popular culture is obsessed with the image of the thin and fabulous, this same culture is breeding generations plagued by obesity and the complications that are associated with this condition. Childhood obesity is a very serious health concern due to the medical risks and social implications, therefore the possible causes of obesity in children should be studied and identified, while a wide range of treatment options should be carefully considered."
This paper discusses the continual debate over the benefits of vaccine for protection of the public and for prevention of the disease versus the risk to individuals who receive the vaccine for vaccine-related complications.
2,140 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 66.95
Abstract This paper explains that the common end goal for parties for and against immunization is the same; both parties want their children and the public to lead safe and healthy lives. The author points out that immunizations, which have eliminated numerous diseases that used to kill thousands of children, are the most cost-effective measure in all of medical science; children not immunized against measles have a 3500% higher risk of contracting measles than others. All children deserve the benefits of immunizations unless medically contraindicated. The paper relates that some people believe that vaccines are dangerous, that the government's power to deny individual rights is wrong, that vaccination does not constitute immunity, and that vaccines contain adjuvant substances known to amplify the body's response to the vaccine, which can sometimes cause allergic and autoimmune responses.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Those in Favor of Immunizations
Those Questioning Immunizations
Stakeholders
Interview of Health Care Providers
Parents Interviewed
Summary
From the Paper "For those promoters of vaccinations, the general belief is that "vaccination is modern medicine's greatest achievement." The goal would be to have 100% compliance. This group believes that vaccinations are necessary to the basic welfare of every child. "Public health officials take the stance that they are legally and morally obligated to act out of concern for the well being of every individual child, and the reality is that any unvaccinated child remains vulnerable to serious, even life-threatening diseases." Non-medical exemptions from immunizations also lower the level of protection in the general public."
This paper reviews Florence King's expression of why she chooses to smoke in her article "I'd Rather Smoke than Kiss", published in the "National Review" (7/9/90, Vol. 62 Issue 13, p32).
1,060 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 0 sources, 2005, $ 37.95
Abstract This paper explains that, although she is for smoking and is a smoker herself, Florence King's "I'd Rather Smoke than Kiss" expresses both sides of the issue; nonetheless, she states that no matter what the American society thinks, says or does, it will not convince her to quit smoking. The author points out that, when explaining her opinions and situations, King's choice of words suggests that she purposely tries to segregate all smokers from the non-smokers. The paper concludes that King's article is important because her arguments exemplify different observational situations, which society imposes on smokers in the United States and offers insight into some of the issues of discrimination towards smokers by combining personal experience and actual situations that smokers encounter everyday.
From the Paper "I guess I can agree with some of the things that she says in her article, but she did not change my opinion on smokers. I am neutral on the subject I am ok with people smoking around me and if I don't like it then I will leave. Kings does do a good job in supporting her opinion and finding facts to support her. However, she needs to look at how the society is structured. Who cares if someone really wants to smoke in a restaurant! People are trying to stay alive and they are trying to help the generations to come be suitable to live in. For instance, when adults venture into local bars, clubs, or festivals, they are aware that they will encounter smoke. If society really believed that smokers should quit then owners in the "night life" would ban all smokers from their facilities. Certain areas of our society do not discriminate against smokers but they do separate them."
Abstract This paper defines evidence-based nursing and compares it to more traditional nursing practices. The paper extrapolates the emergence of and attitudes toward evidence-based nursing, and then suggests topics in the area of practice for exploration in further research study.
From the Paper "Evidence-based nursing is the new wave in nursing, which has spread widely in the United States in the past years. The national Guidelines Clearinghouse (NGC) is a comprehensive, database of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines and..."
Abstract This paper discusses how and why errors are made in aircraft maintenance and how they can be prevented. The author stresses the need for teamwork and checks and balances. The paper reviews aircraft safety procedures.
From the Paper "As in any highly complex system, errors occur in aircraft maintenance operations. However, unlike most work performed by professional mechanics, failure to perform aircraft maintenance properly can place human lives at risk. Workers can never eliminate risk, but proper procedures performed by competent well trained and well-equipped maintenance personnel can reduce these risks significantly. Errors can easily occur when maintenance responsibilities fall on one person. Safety assurance should rely on a qualified team of technicians instead of one person. In other word, when only one person ..."
Abstract This paper considers the reasons for using non-nursing personnel to perform nursing tasks and then takes a look at the advantages and disadvantages of doing so. The paper also discusses the outlook for using non-nursing personnel in the nursing profession as well as the decline in qualified nurses in the labor pool.
From the Paper "Much has been written about the nursing shortage that plagues physicians, hospitals and nursing homes in the United States. At the same time that there are fewer qualified nurses available in the work force a number of states and municipalities have passed regulations regarding the nurse-to-patient ratio that is making the situation even more acute. As a result, healthcare providers have been forced to be innovative in the way that they attract nurses to their institutions and recruiting efforts..."
Abstract This paper discusses that diabetes is a chronic illness that favors no single age group or single sex. The writer notes that there are several kinds of diabetes, called Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes. The writer points out that the body of a person who has diabetes does not process sugars for their use as energy. Further, the writer mentions that the cause of diabetes is not known, although obesity and a sedentary life style may play some part. This paper examines some of the symptoms and treatment of diabetes.
From the Paper "Diabetes is a chronic illness that favors no single age group or single sex. There are several kinds of diabetes, called Type 1 diabetes (also known as Juvenile diabetes) and Type 2 diabetes (also known as Adult-Onset diabetes), and gestational diabetes. The body of a person who has diabetes does not process sugars for their use as energy. The cause of diabetes is not known, although obesity and a sedentary life style may play some part. Type 1 diabetes is most common in children and adolescents. It results when the body fails to produce the insulin it needs to process glucose. It is characterized by hyper- and hypoglycemia, ketoacidosis, and celiac disease. Complications include heart disease, blindness, and nerve and kidney damage. Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin. Type 2 diabetes is the more common form of diabetes."
Abstract The different types of stem cell research involve the use of human eggs - and embryos - as intermediates and are at the center of controversy as to whether it should be considered human life. Recent advances are attempting to produce non-embryonic stem cells as well as address the said issue. This paper discusses the nature of stem cells, what they are, how they are produced and the issues surrounding them.
From the Paper "Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to develop and proliferate into more specialized cells such as neurons or skin cells. These specialized somatic cells comprise the different tissues and organs of the human body. The cloning process currently in use involves the use of the cellular machinery of an egg cell and the genetic material encoded in the nucleus of a somatic cell called somatic cell nuclear transplant (SCNT). First, the egg cell is secured to stabilize it. A needle is inserted into the egg to extract the nucleus and DNA."
An analysis of the study, "Nurses' Job Satisfaction, Stress, and Recognition in a Pediatric Setting" by M.E. Ernst, M. Franco, P. R. Messmer and J. L. Gonzalez.
Abstract The paper examines the study, "Nurses' Job Satisfaction, Stress, and Recognition in a Pediatric Setting" that uses a quantitative research approach to look at nurses' satisfaction with their jobs.
Outline:
Problem
Study Purpose
Research Questions
Hypothesis
Study Variables
Conceptual Framework
Review of Literature
Study Design
Sample and Setting
Identification and Control of Extraneous Variables
Study Instruments and Tools
Data Collection Methods
Strengths and Limitations
From the Paper "This study was conducted to resolve dissatisfaction that was occurring among nurses in the pediatric setting, (Ernst et al. 2004). Satisfaction among nurses is an important issue that is affecting the nursing profession. Job satisfaction in nurses should be of great concern to any organization. Nurses hold the majority of positions in most health care settings, and replacement of licensed personnel is costly and time consuming. In today's healthcare climate, with sicker patients and leaner staffs, some nurses become overwhelmed, (Huff, 1997). Unhappy nurses can translate into high turnover, unhappy patients, and a lower quality of care."
Abstract The paper states that patient access to quality healthcare in the US is rapidly changing due to a variety of reasons. The paper confirms that patient access to healthcare is declining due to, amongst other reasons, increasing numbers of uninsured patients. The paper discusses that medical facilities are facing new challenges that can act as barriers to quality and safe patient care.
Outline:
Introduction
The Impact of the Uninsured on Patient Access to Quality Care
Impact of Labor Shortage on Patient Access to Quality Care
Managing Supply and Demand
Ethical Considerations of Access to Quality Healthcare
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Impact of the Uninsured on Patient Access to Quality Care
The economy in certain regions of the United States is declining due to the jobless rate and unemployment. Declining profits in the private sector force employers to re-evaluate current employee healthcare benefits and make necessary cuts to healthcare services to offset rising health insurance premiums. The number of people without health insurance coverage increased from 44.8 million in 2005 to 47 million in 2006. Currently 47 million Americans, including nearly nine million children do not have health insurance."
