Abstract This is an argumentative research paper that is clearly in favor of animal experimentation. The paper discusses the pros and cons of animal research as well as the ethics. It also discusses the activities of animal rights organizations, and the ways in which these organizations effect animal research.
From the Paper "Animal research is a controversial topic that puts images of abuse and cruelty into many people's minds; however, these images are results of misleading information that animal rights activists provide to the public, and in order to fully understand the importance of animal experimentation, you must realize that almost every medical advance owes its success in part to animal research. Many people do not consider the reasons animal research is absolutely essential to science and for the betterment of the human race."
Abstract The media has a large effect on society as a whole and there has been an increase in media exposure over the years. The thin, waif-like look is seen as the ideal, a standard for women to be measured against. The paper shows that women are under lots of pressure to conform to the ideals of society and the majority of women are on diets or have dieted at some point in their life. This leads to low self esteem and poor body image, which is a precipitating factor in eating disorders. This essay discusses whether the media is the catalyst for preoccupation with slimness and a major contributor to eating disorders in young women.
From the Paper "The media is often quoted as a scapegoat for the increase in eating disorders. Linda Grant's opinion is that: "Women don"t set out to become anorexic, they begin by thinking they"re too fat because everywhere they go the media is telling them that they are right" (Barrett, 1997). This assumes that the causes of eating disorders are simply triggered by an individual feeling overweight, which is not the case. Eating disorders have many causes, some evidence suggests that an eating disorder can exist without this pathological fear of being overweight (Lai, 2000). If these effects of the media are obvious then why is it that only 1-3% of women suffer from an eating disorder? "
Abstract For the nurse, there can be little doubt that the primary function is to provide the best care possible within the limits of policy, practice and ability. To that end, there are limits to what a person can provide and the self, not the institution, determines those. Over the next five years, I will be embarking upon and completing a journey, the end of which will find me in a hospital or clinical setting as a nurse with direct impact and influence upon the outcome of treatment. It will be my responsibility to provide the best care possible, to be aware of the needs of the setting, the physicians and the patient and to be able to balance all of those in my actions. I will be responsible for compartmentalizing my day, my life and all of the demands of the job so that I may remain focused upon the tasks at hand. It will also be an imperative to function fully within the team environment and to be a complete and active member in that team. Finally, it will be incumbent upon me to never stop learning about my practice and craft. It is for these reasons that the development of personal goals is so significant.
Abstract Nursing has both literal and symbolic meanings. Nursing has been part of the care for people longer than the practice of medicine itself. A nurse with a strong spiritual faith, a firm belief in an afterlife and in the power of faith, can help a patient in ways that other nurses simply can't. This responsibility, then, requires of the nurse the ability to respect, relate, and support the spiritual needs of the patient. The nurse can see the emotional and spiritual toll that illness has upon the patient.
Abstract This essay discusses broad nursing theory and mid-range theory. The specific theories that are used as examples are comfort theory (mid-range) and self care deficit theory (broad theory). The paper shows that both theories are constructive to nursing, but that mid-range theory allows experimentation and solid conclusions.
Abstract This paper presents a discussion about euthanasia and the ethical problems it encounters. The writer presents both sides of the issue and allows the reader to decide which side to take.
Abstract This paper looks at how, with every passing year, the environment around the American people is becoming more and more artificial and how one of the greatest examples of this is the creation of genetically modified foods. It examines how a few huge companies are trying to convince us that their food is not dangerous to our health and, in some cases, is even healthier than organic food. It attempts to prove how this is not true and how genetically modified food is potentially dangerous.
From the Paper "A lot of myths have been created to market the genetically engineered food. One of them is that it will help the American farmers. In reality, biotechnology tries to industrialize agriculture even further, converting agriculture into a branch of industry, and as with other labor saving technologies, by increasing productivity biotechnology tends to reduce prices and set in motion a technology treadmill that forces out of business a significant number of farmers, especially the small ones. Another false myth is that biotechnology will benefit Third World farmers. In reality, biotechnology products will undermine exports from Third World countries even more, especially from small-scale producers."
Abstract This paper cites applicable legal cases to support its arguments in favor of legalizing euthanasia. Included, also, are ethical reasons for favoring legalized euthanasia and rebuttals against arguments that oppose euthanasia. Finally, the overall moral dilemma of euthanasia is discussed, with both the pro and con arguments presented.
From the Paper "We all must die one day, and most people hope for a quick and painless death. But sometimes life isn?t so easy. Some people suffer unbelievable pain from cancer or other diseases. Others may lie in a permanently unconscious state due to an accident or some other cause. Euthanasia is the practice of kindly and painlessly putting a patient suffering from an incurable and painful disease or extreme oldness to a supposedly peaceful death. Derived from the Greek words eu, good, and thanatos, death, euthanasia is ordinarily identified as mercy killing. Today, only Oregon and Maine have legalized euthanasia or PAS."
Abstract This paper examines how the cost of prescription drugs is rising in the United States at a rate that outstrips the ability of people without health insurance to pay for them. It looks at how medications absorb up to 30% of the income of many senior citizens, and over 40 million Americans have no health insurance at all. It proposes that those without prescription insurance coverage be combined into one identifiable group eligible for the price discounts negotiated by HMOs and other coverage providers, thus giving all Americans access to volume discount prices for medications.
From the Paper "Struggling with the cost of medications is not a new problem, and has been a topic of public debate since the 1950's when Senator Estes Kefauver led hearings regarding the pricing policies of the big pharmaceutical companies (Buell, 1999). He accused them of raising their prices unfairly. The industry replied that federal control on prices would devalue stocks and discourage research on new medications, just the claims made today. While there is no doubt that research done pharmaceutical companies has resulted in many new and valuable medications, research is not their only expense. Large amounts of money are spent on advertising, and in the United States, the high cost of medications puts them out of reach of millions who need them (Buell, 1999)."
Abstract This paper briefly looks at heart attacks, which occur when the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is severely reduced or stopped, and one or more of the coronary arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle is blocked. It examines how there are many causes of heart disease, some are controllable, and some are not, and how uncontrollable risk factors include male gender, older age, family history of heart disease, post-menopausal stages, and race. It also look at how risk factors that can be controlled include smoking and inappropriate cholesterol levels. It discusses what the symptoms of an attack are, how a diagnosis is made, and methods of treatment and prevention.
From the Paper "A heart attack is a medical emergency that must be quickly addressed to prevent permanent heart damage or death. CPR should be administered if a person suffering a heart attack goes into cardiac arrest. If possible, it is recommended that the victim chew an aspirin because this drug is an effective inhibitor of blood clots and reduces the risk of death from a heart attack by twenty-five percent. Once at this hospital, a physician suspecting a heart attack will order a ECG or EKG to detect and locate the heart attack by measuring the electrical activity within the heart as well as blood tests to help diagnose a heart attack and to detect any ongoing heart damage. Often treatment is started at this time."
Abstract This paper explains that Alzheimer's is a degenerative disease of the brain that results in memory loss, impaired thinking, difficulty finding the right word when speaking, and personality changes. It explains that it is found predominantly in the elderly population and discusses specific characteristics, symptoms, and treatments. Focus is placed on different treatment options available.
From the Paper "Alzheimer's illness is common in the elderly population. Studies (Knopman, Boeve, & Petersen, 2003) reveal that over three million people living within the United States have been diagnosed with the disease. As a person ages, the condition worsens and usually people having Alzheimer's also have a long life expectancy. Except for advancing age, a family history of Alzheimer's and cardiovascular disease, there is no evidence to support that environmental or health-behavioral factors strikingly increase a person's risk. There continues to be ongoing arguments that the onset of the disease may be a result of low education, head injury, and being of the female sex."
Abstract Ergonomics is matching the job to the worker and the product to the user. This research paper provides the reader with an understanding of office ergonomics and how complicated just one cubicle can be. The paper also stresses the importance of ergonomics in the office and all the hazards that it can prevent. Much can be gained from the proper use of office ergonomics, including higher productivity and fewer safety injuries. Many different organizations are referenced in this paper to give the reader the most accurate information regarding office ergonomics.
From the Paper "The cubicle, in all its glory, represents the modern day workspace for many workers and creates many frustrations. Technology has had an overpowering effect on the way we work today. As a result, we are spending more time at our desks and using a computer, leading to an increased number of ergonomic related issues. In this section, the author will discuss the hazards, dangers, and risks associated with poor office ergonomics. These include musculoskeletal disorders, sharp edges, pinch points, eye strain, poor posture, fatigue, noise pollution and emotional stress cause by working in a cubicle."
Abstract For years, the debate over distribution of contraceptives, mainly condoms, within high schools has been a hotly contested issue among law and policy makers, school officials, parents, and students. New studies and research projects have uncovered indisputable proof of the benefits of condom distribution in schools. This paper examines the above-mentioned data and provides an analysis of the current political, social, and medicinal advantages such contraceptive distribution programs provide.
From the Paper "At the heart of the debate of Condom Distribution is the fear that, by making condoms available in schools, it encourages increased sexual activity among teens. Several studies have been conducted to examine whether or not this phenomenon occurs. One such study (Blake, S. M., Ledsky, R., Goodenow, C., Sawyer, R., Lohrmann, D., and Windsor, R. 2003) took place in 1991 in Massachusetts. Massachusetts instituted a policy allowing condoms to be distributed in its public schools as a way to prevent the spread of the AIDS virus and other sexually transmitted diseases. Opponents of the program claimed it would lead to a higher level of sexual activity among teens. The results of the study revealed quite the opposite."
Abstract This paper explains that vegetarians do not eat meat, including that of fish and poultry; therefore, their diet consists mainly of grains, vegetables, and other food sources. The author points out that a diet that consists of meat causes the buildup of saturated fats, creates high levels of cholesterol to occur, and may result in high blood pressure, heart attack, or cancer; however, by eating a vegetarian diet, a person may prevent or lessen their chance of acquiring these health problems. The paper concludes that, while some may think this type of lifestyle is difficult to maintain, there are many recipes and options available to prevent dining boredom while living a healthy lifestyle.
From the Paper "The vegetarian diet has gained popularity because of remarkable case reports of individuals who attributed recoveries from cancers with poor prognoses to macrobiotics and because of the substantial evidence that the many dietary factors recommended by macrobiotics are associated with decreased cancer risk. Women consuming macrobiotic diets have modestly lower circulating estrogen levels, suggesting a lower risk of breast cancer (Lawrence, 2001). None of the natural cancer prevention substances that have been discovered such as vitamin C, B-17, hydroquionenes, beta-carotene, and NDGA are found to be animal derived. Yet most meats, when cooked, produce an array of benzenes and other carcinogenic compounds. Cancer is infinitely easier to prevent than cure."
Abstract This paper summarizes the main points of Eric Schlosser's book on the eating habits of many Americans. The paper reports on Schlosser's depiction of the french fry as ubiquitous in the American diet of fast food and how the french fry came to occupy this position. he paper also covers the effect of globalization and the changes in consumers' nutritional demands. The articles cited in the bibliography are appended to the paper.
Factory Farming
Globalization
Changes in Consumer Nutritional Demands
Financing Issue
From the Paper "Considering all the news about the problems with the American diet, it isn?t surprising that Eric Schlosser's Fast Food Nation became a best seller. The chapters about how cattle become hamburgers are truly frightening reading, with graphic detail about little calves figuring out what happens at the end of the chute and trying to run, and the human toll, where cumulative trauma injury is ?almost 35 times higher than the rate in any other American industry.? (Schlosser, p. 173.) That sort of information is enough to put one off beef entirely, even without the new possibility of Mad Cow Disease. But Schlosser takes on the entire fast food industry, and arguably the most prevalent single item"or at least the best known"is the french fry. "Do you want fries with that"? has become something of a national anthem of dining. The impact of the french fry on the American diet, culture and economy is both a success story of major proportions and a quietly cooking national scandal."
