Abstract
Legislation relating to discrimination in the workplace that affects modern workers can be related to the Equal Pay Act of 1963 and the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Equal Pay Act focused on gender and wages, attempting to create a national law that prohibited employers from paying women less than men for the same type of work. This paper maintains that, unfortunately, discrimination in relation to equal pay still exists in the United States, demonstrating that these laws had little effect on the realities within the workplace.

Tags: counseling, job, discrimination

Abstract
With the fervor over the ethics of sweat shop production increasing, it is becoming important to look at viable solutions which provide meaningful change. The best example of alternative trade is the fair trade movement, which has been gaining momentum all over the world. This paper looks at this movement as it seeks to provide producers and consumers with choices.

From the Paper
"In recent years the media has been focusing more and more attention on the harm being done to people living in poor countries by multinational corporations. Whether it's a sportswear sweatshop in Southeast Asia or a logging company in the Amazon, consumers in the First World are becoming aware of the consequences their choices have. Unfortunately, very few news items talk about the positive alternatives to big business, paying more attention to the scandal which occurs when it is discovered that some celebrity's fashion line is manufactured using children in Burma. One important alternative which has become slightly more visible in recent years is the fair trade movement, which empowers producers and addresses issues of consumer responsibility."

Tags: consumers, empowerment, labourers, production, women

Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between the Ford Motor Company and United Auto Workers (UAW) Union over the years. It looks at how the company hired and managed its UAW employees, how the UAW formed to help employees bargain with their employers and how as a result, the human resource management of the company has transformed. Today, The United Auto Workers work with Ford in a variety of ways to enhance the employees' experience and benefits.

From the Paper
"In the 1970s, automakers faced the popularity of increasing imports from Japan, and the union had to make concessions, and become more involved in the operations at Ford's plants, to ensure their own survival. "At Ford the UAW went even further. It became deeply involved in the implementation of teamworking and in the improvement of productivity and quality. It accepted wage reductions in exchange for fewer redundancies than had been desired by management" (Freyssenet 31). They also had to face dwindling oil supplies during the oil crisis and the growing interest in smaller, more fuel saving models."

Tags: union, workers, management, relations, plants, japan, apprenticeship, program

From the Paper
"An increasingly important labor-management issue in the nursing profession is that of unionization. Today's hospitals are under intense pressure to contain costs. This translates into the need to reduce labor-related expenses, since staffing costs are a hospital's largest budgetary expenditure, and nurses comprise a significant percentage of hospital staff. More and more nurses, experiencing widespread anxiety over job security, are turning to unions to address their grievances.
Nurses in private and nonprofit hospitals and nursing homes have the right to organize for purposes of collective bargaining subject to the terms outlined in the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA). Despite their legal right to do so, many nurses have not chosen to unionize. Estimates are that approximately 18 percent of nurse and service workers in acute care hospitals are union..."

From the Paper
"LABOR UNIONS ARE NECESSARY: A POSITION PAPER
Introduction
This research develops a position on the necessity of labor unions. The argument developed in this essay is that labor unions are necessary.

Labor Law in the United States
In the United States, labor law is, essentially, a federal matter, and the government arbiter between management and labor is the National labor Relations Board, generally referred to as the NLRB (Calvert 19). One result of this approach is a uniform application across the country of rules governing labor-management relations. The states are able to exercise little original jurisdiction in labor-management relations (the most notable example of state jurisdiction are the so-called right to work laws.."

From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Company in New York City in 1911, as well as the legislative and cultural impact of the fire. The plan of the research will be to set forth the historical and cultural context in which the fire took place and the facts of the incident and then to discuss the fire's influence on American attitudes toward industrial and trade-union activity as well as on changes in the law affecting employer behavior and employee safety.

The nascent American trade-union movement in the waning years of the Progressive Era and the significant gap between rich and poor in that period loom in the background of the Triangle fire. Even though much of the power behind the extraordinary growth in material wealth in the U.S. was concentrated in the industrial east and in pockets of prosperity in the west, the.."

From the Paper
"Working class women internalize their own oppression. These women learn the stereotypes that define their lives at an early age. Working class women strive to maintain the traditional feminine ideal while simultaneously struggling with the limitations of class.
To a significant extent, the problems of working class women persist because they have not participated in the financial gains of the women's movement. Middle class women reaped the greatest benefits. They dramatically increased their presence in professional fields such as medicine, law, and banking: "in little more than a decade women increased their representation among the most prestigious and lucrative professions by 300 to 400 percent" (Ehrenreich, 1990, p. 217). Granted, middle class women still encounter the "glass ceiling" in their efforts to.."

From the Paper
"EMPLOYEE TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

Introduction
Training and development has become a $30 billion profession. Annually 15 million employees participate in 17 million courses, and one out of every eight workers attends a formal training course (Chakiris & Rolander, as cited in Knowles, 1998, p. 227). The training of employees at all levels is important to companies, both in terms of increasing performance (and profits) and the costs incurred.

In Defense of Employee Training and Development
Management, generally speaking, is in agreement as to the goal: the focus should be on increasing the performance require-ments of the company through the development of its work force. However, some management professionals believe that a company should focus on ..."

From the Paper
"Mcdonald's Strategic Human Resources Management
McDonald's and its affiliated companies employ approximately 300,500 people, of which approximately 33,000 are full-time salaried employees (10-K, 1998, 4).


Company-wide, more than a dozen languages are spoken, more than 200 different national sets of employment and labor laws are enforced, and a system of advancement both horizontally and vertically exists for employee growth.


When Ray Kroc founded McDonald's, he was a great believer in the value of his employees, whom he often called his most valuable asset.
Since the company is a franchise operation, it was essential that the same attitudes toward human resources that were exhibited in the company's headquarters spread out to the..."

From the Paper
" In all but a few states teacher strikes are illegal. Paraphrasing the definition of "strike" offered by Black's Law Dictionary, a teacher's strike is defined as the cessation of work by a body of teachers for the purpose of forcing from the school board certain concessions pertaining to working conditions, salaries or other aspects of teacher welfare. This discussion will present the opposing arguments for granting teachers the right to strike concluding with the opinion that teachers should not be given the right to strike (Gatti & Gatti, 1972). The arguments presented will be based on the legal and educational issues involved in teacher's strikes.
During the 1960s and 1970s there was a growing discontent among teachers. This discontent was based on a number of (...)"

From the Paper
'The purpose of this research is to explain the application of statistical procedures to the solution of a realistic problem. In this instance, the problem is related to the domestic economy of the United States.

THE PROBLEM
The level of unemployment is a matter of significant concern to both the general public and political leaders. In order to develop effective policies to address the unemployment issue, it is necessary to understand how the unemployment rate is related to other factors. It is this problem which is addressed in this research.

HYPOTHESES
A total of six hypotheses were formulated for, and tested in ... "

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"This research examines workers' compensation laws and the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA). The purpose of the examination is to describe and explain the laws, and to identify the principal differences between OSHA and the workers' compensation laws.

Both OSHA and workers' compensation laws in the United States are extensions of the concept that public health should be promoted and protected by government. In contemporary society, prospects for the health of individuals are ". . . determined by public policy, by those decisions which shape contemporary environments . . ."

From the Paper
"Stress and burnout are both capable of having a detrimental impact on organizational productivity. In addition, they both pose serious health and safety hazards on the job. Stress occurs when an employee feels frustrated with his or her work. This frustration is usually due to an "internal sense of losing control, a mismatch between what we expect and what the environment actually can provide" (Rosenthal, 1991, p. 72). Work overload is another possible cause for stress on the job (Stachert, 1988, p. 61). Furthermore, such factors as personality conflict and fear of losing one's job can cause work-related stress (Lindberg, 1990, p. 82). Often, the organization itself is responsible for causing stress in its employees. This is particularly true when the organization either has high expectations of its employees or is vague about what the ..."

From the Paper
"OSHA
This paper will discuss the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. The first part of the paper will describe the most important provisions of the Act. The second part of the paper will discuss the social welfare issues the legislation responded to. The third part of the paper will examine the impact of the law on the social welfare concerns of the community. The fourth part of the paper will evaluate the success of the legislation in accomplishing the goals set out for it. The fifth part of the paper will make some recommendations concerning certain issues which merit further attention.


The Occupational Safety and Health Act was signed into law on April 28, 1971. Its stated aim was "to assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women." It directed the Secretary of ..."

From the Paper
"Introduction

Until the latter part of the twentieth century, there were two basic approaches to management. One of these held that employees were out to get as much from their employer as possible, that they would perform the absolute minimum amount of work necessary to still receive their pay, and that there existed by nature an adversarial relationship between workers and management. This came to be called Theory X. A direct response to this approach was the idea that workers sought to meet more than their basic needs through the work environment, and that if they were given responsibility and authority, workers would respond with creative ways to maximize their productivity. This approach considered employees to be experts in how best to perform their tasks, and focused on the individual rather than on ..."