Abstract This paper examines how jealousy is an ever-present phenomenon that can have negative consequences on romantic relationships. It looks at how jealousy is more prevalent in relationships where one or both parties have low self-esteem. It analyzes how this feeling of inadequacy leads to other negative feelings as well, including loneliness, powerlessness, and relational uncertainty among others. The relationship between self-esteem and jealousy is examined, noting other significant variables that have an influence on both self-esteem and jealousy, as well as the manner in which jealousy is handled.
Outline
Self-Esteem and Jealousy Self-Esteem and Expression of Jealousy Expression of Jealousy and Relational Outcome
From the Paper "People with low self esteem are often the ones likely to experience the greatest amount of jealousy and to mistrust their partner. This incessant jealousy leads the party with low self esteem to grow increasingly dissatisfied with the relationship. Rotenberg, Shewchuk, and Kimberly (2001) took the information that lonely individuals have low self esteem and are generally dissatisfied with romantic relationships. They went on to determine whether this loneliness and powerlessness may be connected to jealous behavior and expression. They found the correlation to be positive; jealousy is related to loneliness and powerlessness which in turn might possibly affect one's self esteem."
Abstract Jealousy as an adverse emotion is a term which commonly refers to inner psychological and outer sociological conflict pertaining to an object that one covets or desires. This paper explains that jealously usually refers to a dynamic that occurs in relationships between people but it can also be understood in a broader sense as the jealousy or envy of the status or possessions of others. This paper looks at how an analysis of jealousy can be used to understand social norms such as relationships, status, class, advertising and envy.
Outline:
Introduction
Jealousy and Relationships
Jealousy, Status and Class
Advertising, Envy and Jealousy Conclusion
From the Paper "Jealousy and envy of others is often used in the advertising and marketing world to promote product sales. The image and stereotypes of ideal and desired objects and people are purposely manipulated to initiate a feeling of both envy and jealousy to motivate the viewer or audience to purchase the product. The well-known sociologist John Berger describes advertising in terms of envy. He states that advertising works by"... proposing to each of us that we transform ourselves, or our lives, by buying something more.... [Advertising] persuades us of such a transformation by showing us people who have apparently been transformed and are, as a result, enviable. The state of being envied is what constitutes glamour."
Tags: envy, relationship, advertising, class, status
Abstract This study examines the role of jealousy, submissive female gender roles, and racism within Othello by William Shakespeare. In many ways, Desdemona pays a submissive role to Othello, as she cannot rise above her fears and confront her husband on the grave error of his theories about her infidelity. Furthermore, the issue of race helps Iago deploy his plan, as both he and Desdemona's father are racist in their jealousy of Othello's success. In this manner, jealousy, submissive female gender roles, and racism are constructed to bring a tragic ending to the once hopeful marriage of Othello and Desdemona. The issue of jealousy begins with Iago's anger at Cassio getting a promotion in Othello's elite guard.
Abstract This paper begins by defining jealousy as a negative, complex human emotion that represents a provoked response to problems posed by real and/or perceived threats to an exclusive dyadic relationship. It is most commonly associated with long-term romantic relationships and sexual relationships. The paper then looks at the different experiences of men and women in dealing with jealousy within relationships and with other people. The paper references two theories, known as evolutionary-psychological and socio-cultural in studying and understanding this phenomenom.
From the Paper "The psychology of gender has evolved and has been modified dramatically over the past decade from descriptive cataloguing of gender-related differences and similarities to specific areas of inquiry within organized theoretical or methodological framework. Much of the history of behavioural sciences has involved the attempt to come to grips with a dilemma of gender-determined reaction to sexual and emotional infidelity."
Abstract This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of jealousy. Specifically, it provides an extended definition of the abstract concept of jealousy.
From the Paper "What is jealousy? Dictionary.com defines jealousy as "A jealous attitude or disposition or close vigilance." However, this succinct definition does not tell the whole story. Jealousy is much more than an attitude or disposition. For some, it is a way of life, and for others, it can consume their life, changing it forever. Take the case of California socialite Betty Broderick, who found her husband with his secretary/lover and killed them both in a jealous rage (Cupach and Spitzberg 33). Jealousy can be a dangerous emotion, but why is jealousy so emotionally charged? Usually, jealousy is a negative or passionate reaction to a situation, and that is what can make it so dangerous."
Abstract It has been argued by some theorists that men have evolved to be more jealous then women because jealousy promotes the male's genetic fitness. This paper first examines jealousy as a whole and its causes. Then, it examines research on the concept that men are more jealous than women and shows that, while there is evidence for this theory, there is also substantial evidence that women and men are equally jealous.
From the Paper "Since women rely on the male to impregnate them, and since they can choose their partners, they are able to control who supplies the genetic material for their offspring. Males, however, rely on the female to reproduce. Thus, while they can have sexual relations with the female, they cannot assure that the female is not having sexual relations with another. This means that men are less able to control the passing on of genetic materials (Buss, 1996)."
Abstract The paper describes how the character of Othello, from Shakespeare's play of the same name, brings all of his problems upon himself due to his insecurities and subsequent jealousy. The paper highlights how jealousy can ruin a person and can make it impossible for him to redeem himself.
From the Paper "The play Othello, by William Shakespeare, examines that effect the jealousy can have on one's psyche. The play's protagonist, Othello, becomes consumed by jealousy when he believes that his wife is being unfaithful, without necessarily knowing all of the facts. This jealousy eventually causes Othello to go mad and, ultimately, leads to the death of both him and his wife. Even though Othello attempts to redeem himself in the end, the damage has already been done and Othello ruined the lives of many different people. Othello brings all of his problems upon himself due to his insecurities and subsequent jealousy and, therefore, it is impossible for him to redeem himself."
Abstract This paper discusses whether Julius Caesar was assassinated out of fear, idealism or jealousy. It argues that fear, idealism and jealousy were all present among the 'liberators' when they assassinated Caesar. It specifically looks at the idealism of Brutus, the fear of Cicero and the jealousy of Cassius in their responsibility for causing the final downfall of Caesar.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Probable Causes Of Caesar's Assassination:
Historical Background/Political Situation
Idealism Of The 'Liberators' Or The Conspirators
The Opposing View And The Role Of Jealousy Or Fear
Fear Among Friends
Jealousy Amidst The Power Seekers
Understanding The Underlying Factors
Conclusion
From the Paper "According to Taylor, though the struggle against Caesar was triggered by idealism, in course of time it became more influenced by 'personal interests' rather than any ideal of Free State. Storch suggests that 'relative depravity' possibly played a role in Caesar's assassination. He explains that those who were pardoned or favored by Caesar were not happy as they in many cases did not get as much as they wanted. Moreover even inside the inner circle of friends dissatisfaction remained because of advancing someone's career over others, like that of Anotony's. Though there were many eligible people in line to be chosen as consul, violating the tradition Caesar appointed Antony for the position, which enraged Labienus, one of the hopefuls for consulship and a member of Caesarian camp."
Abstract This paper examines the different reactions shown by men and women as they experience emotional and sexual jealousy. The paper begins with a discussion of gender differences in general as well as defining what jealousy actually is. The paper concludes that while gender does have some effect on the person's jealous reaction, social and cultural differences have a larger influence on sexual jealousy.
From the Paper "The psychology of gender has evolved and has been modified dramatically over the past decade from descriptive cataloguing of gender-related differences and similarities to specific areas of inquiry within organized theoretical or methodological framework. Much of the history of behavioural sciences has involved the attempt to come to grips with a dilemma of gender-determined reaction to sexual and emotional infidelity."
Tags: male, female, men, women, culture, social, marriage
Abstract This paper discusses jealousy as one of the central motives in William Shakespeare's play, "Othello." It discusses the jealousy between Iago and Cassio, the Moor and Cassio, as well as between Iago and the Moor. The paper shows how through Iago's deceitfulness, hatred and disloyalty, the tragedy of the play occurred. The paper suggests that if it had not been for Iago's unsympathetic sentiments and the jealousy, the play might have had a different ending.
From the Paper "Even though many blame the tragedy on Othello's gullibility, it is Iago's tricky and devious behavior that launched and triggered it. Since Othello profoundly trusted Iago, he hardly ever suspected any infidelity from him and that is proven throughout the whole script, in statements such as, "Honest Iago,/ My Desdemona must I leave to thee"(Act I, Scene III, 295). As a consequence, Iago took advantage of Othello's trust and kept revealing more of his forged love, which is proved in the play when Iago alleged that, " Though I do hate him as I do hell-pains,/Yet, for necessity of present life,/I must show out a flag and sign of love" (Act I, scene I, 154-156). It is the "flag and sign of love" which Iago revealed, that instigated Othello's gullibility, and if it wasn't for that advantage, Othello would've not fallen in Iago's trap. Unfortunately, the one closest to the heart is the greatest enemy; because it is him that knows the weakness of one's heart and mind. Iago was indeed very disloyal to his Moor, and deceitful by his behavior toward him."
Abstract This paper reviews Act IV of William Shakespeare's "Othello" which discusses and illustrates Othello's lapses from sanity to insanity. It examines how Othello's insanity is the result of jealousy, betrayal and rage and how Act IV of "Othello" provides two incriminating pieces of evidence that make Othello confirm Desdemona's betrayal and adultery. Because of the supposed betrayal of two individuals that he trusted most, Othello wasn't able to gain control of his anger, jealousy and embarrassment - he later fell into an epileptic seizure, a sign of both physical and mental instability of his state.
From the Paper "The first 'evidence' is the presence of handkerchief in Cassio's (in actuality, Bianca's) possession, while the second evidence is the conversation between Iago and Cassio that Othello had witnessed. Othello thought that the two men were talking about Desdemona, but in actuality, Cassio and Iago were talking about Bianca, to whom Cassio had relations with. With these two 'incriminating' evidence presented to Othello discreetly by the traitor Iago, Othello began raging about Desdemona's betrayal, about his hurt ego (although this is only implied), and the fact that Desdemona's treachery has to do with Othello's trusted man, Cassio."
Abstract This paper deals with the themes of jealousy and revenge within the drama "Othello", written by William Shakespeare. With numerous themes depicted throughout the play, that of jealousy and revenge stands out, as they are the basis of the plot and character development. Includes a number of internal documentations (quotes).
From the Paper "Othello is a romantic tragedy set in Venice during the early eighteenth century. This play portrays the author's ability to intertwine many deceiving motives of its characters, into one cohesive and interesting plot. Othello, written by William Shakespeare, is a play that possesses many different aspects of literature, ranging from descriptive imagery to deep symbolism. Of all of Othello's characteristics, though, the most significant is that of its numerous themes. Othello is strewn with a number of important themes, including love, hate, racial tensions, deception, and false appearances. Nevertheless, as considerable as these themes may be towards the overall plot, the two most influential in Othello, are those of jealousy and revenge found within the two main characters of Othello and Iago. The themes of jealousy and revenge are difficult to discuss apart from one another, as jealousy causes revenge, and jealousy is the force that motivates the actions of the main characters."
Abstract This paper discusses how sexual jealousy drives the plots of "Othello" and "The Winter's Tale". It shows how one play is a tragedy, the other a romance, or tragic-comedy, and how different genres imply different audience expectations. The paper explains how Shakespeare modifies the two jealousy plots to produce the effects aimed at in the two different kinds of plays.
From the Paper "Sexual jealousy prevails in the romantic and yet sometimes tragic "The Winter's Tale" from beginning to end. Leontes believes his wife, Hermione has been unfaithful to him, and has her jailed. While in jail, she has a child, who he disowns and abandons in the wilderness. However, Leontes soon learns that his jealousy is not only misplaced, it is extremely costly to his family. His only son dies from grief at his mother's imprisonment, and soon Hermione is also reported dead. Leontes is so distraught, he secludes himself for sixteen years before he discovers his lost child and that Hermione is still alive. The romance ends happily, with everything right in the world again. "
Abstract This paper analyzes the play "Othello" by William Shakespeare, focusing on the main character of Othello and how he torments himself with the thought that Desdemona may be unfaithful. The paper focuses its analysis on two speeches in Act 3, Scene 3, which demonstrate how Othello has gone from confidence in Desdemona's love to suspicion that she is now unfaithful. The paper explores Iago's role in fostering Othello's jealousy and how he manipulates racial tension to accomplish his aims. The paper concludes that both Desdemona and Othello are tragic heroes because their fate is sealed despite their fine qualities. Desdemona is blind to what is happening around her, while Othello is blinded by his own insecurity. The play further asserts that the play has universal resonance because all human beings are subject to the feelings of jealousy and insecurity, and are easy prey to those who choose to manipulate them, like Iago did to Othello.
From the Paper "Although the conventional belief is that Othello is about jealousy, some scholars believe that jealousy is merely the lynchpin upon which Iago's hatred is transferred to Othello. In the middle of Iago's speech there is a line that is designed to undermine Othello's innate self confidence in a particularly repulsive way: "One may smell in such a will most rank,/ Foul disproportion, thoughts unnatural." (248-249) He has skillfully introduced into Othello's consciousness the disgust some feel for a person of another race."
Abstract This paper explains that "Othello", like Shakespeare's other "big" plays, abounds in spectacular examples of theatrical effect, such as the brawls and the big pageantry;however, the theatrical effect of the rest of the play represents communication by gesture and look, the eloquent silences and whispered, spoken and shouted language. The author points out that jealousy in Shakespeare's "Othello" is a mask for the fear of death because what the jealous lover fears is that there will not be time or space enough for him. The paper relates that one of the peculiar splendors of "Othello" is that Othello's belated jealousy cannot be understood without first understanding Iago's primal envy of Othello, which is at the hidden center of the drama.
From the Paper "Shakespeare's Iago appears in two aspects: his external appearance, as he reacts with others and his inner life as revealed by the soliloquies. Forget the soliloquies for a moment, and examine the face that Iago turns to the world. Here is a clever, ambitious man coolly manipulating others for his own ends. The current theories of will and reason he voices belong to his character both "psychologically" and dramatically. He denies the reality of loving feelings, they are only a lust of the blood, a permission of the will; he asserts the supremacy of the will and intelligence, ..."
