Abstract The paper relates to individuality and community. The premise of the paper is that it is said that there needs to be a balance between individuality and community. The works of Kwame Gyekye, Confucius and Charles Taylor are examined in detail. These are chosen due to their diversity. The main conclusion of the paper is that many philosophers believe that there needs to be a balance between individuality and community.
From the Paper "Philosophy asks many interesting questions about individuality and community. Is the individual more important then the community? Is the community more important then the individual? Or are the individual and the community equally important? These questions have been treated differently by different philosophers and by different philosophic traditions. This essay will argue that many philosophers believe that there needs to be a balance between individuality and community. In order to prove this argument, the works of Kwame Gyekye, Confucius and Charles Taylor will be examined. These works were chosen because they are from radically different philosophical traditions."
Abstract This paper discusses individual rights versus public order and argues that public order takes precedence over individual rights. The paper assesses the duties of both citizens and of government and then details various situations in which there are tensions and conflict between the two.
From the Paper "In this report, the notion of individual rights and public order are examined and an argument advanced in favor of the primacy of public order over the rights of the individual. Generally, as Levinson has commented, in..."
Tags: public order, individual rights, Immanuel Kant, U.S. Constitution
Abstract This paper deals with the individual, society and technology. In this article, the writer takes the negative view. The writer discusses the view that society is being taken over by technologies and that the individual would be enslaved. The topic of surveillance is also covered in this paper.
From the Paper "Many films have examined the relationship between the individual, society and the coming communication universe. The most important of these films have been 'Wagging the Dog', 'Simone' and 'The Matrix'. Each of these films demonstrates how communication technologies can be used to shape reality. 'Wagging the Dog' demonstrated how the news media can shape the political realm, 'Simone' showed how a computer generated person could fool everyone into believing that she was a real person and 'The Matrix' suggested that an individual's entire reality could be generated by computers, virtual reality and multimedia technologies."
Abstract This paper analyzes the life of Robert A. Johnson as shown by his book "Balancing Heaven and Earth." The paper notes the meaning of individuation, Jung's view of it and how Johnson applied the idea to his own development as a person and as a psychologist, with the process of individuation seen as a process of becoming and of unguided development over time.
From the Paper "The Jungian idea of individuation can be observed in one's own life and also in accounts of individual experiences with sufficient psychological insight, such as the personal memoir in the book "Balancing Heaven and Earth" by Johnson and Ruhl (1998), an account of experiences by R.A. Johnson, one of the leading Jungian analysis in the country. The book is identified as both a guide and a memoir ands links in its subtitle "visions, dreams, and realizations." Johnson reports on his own dreams and links these to his development as a human being, finding in these dreams and in how they affect him evidence of Jung's ideas about individuation. Jung's analytical psychology depicts dreams as deriving from certain primordial images found in the collective unconscious and representing symbols whose meaning is found within this collective unconscious."
Abstract This paper presents an in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of individual counseling and group counseling in helping children who are experiencing divorce or separation in their families.
Abstract This paper compares and contrast methodological individualism and methodological holism through social movements and protest groups. Methodological holism is the better tool for predicting group behavior, or at least for viewing it properly.
Abstract This paper utilizes functionalist, conflict , interactionist, critical, feminist and figurational theories to analyze the relationship to the individual to sports.
From the Paper "There are several social theories related to sports and the individual functionalist theory, conflict theory, interactionist theory, critical theories, feminist theories and figurational theory. Each of these theories ..."
Tags: sports, social theories, individual, society
Abstract This paper discusses individual rights in England and America before the Constitutional Convention. The paper begins by discussing the Charter of Liberties, enacted into English law in 1100 under King Henry I. The paper explains that the charter specifically addressed the king's treatment of church officials and was intended to ensure their freedoms in the country. The charter attempted to address the known abuses that that former kings had levied against those representing the church, and it restricted the king's power by law. The paper also explains that the Charter of Liberties was considered the framework for the Magna Carta and that it was agreed to by Henry I.
Abstract This paper discusses the rising medical costs in the US in the last ten years. The paper specifically looks at how consumers have behaved as a result of the rising costs. The theory of individual behavior is used to demonstrate how consumers have acted on the price increases and the indifference curve that defines the combination of two goods that give a consumer the same level of satisfaction is also used to analyze the impact of medical costs.
From the Paper "It is no surprise that medical costs have been on the rise for the past decade. The truth is that "for inpatient and outpatient services, the costs have been increasing due for the most part to new technology, increased utilization, new construction, and cost-shifting from government payers and the uninsured." (PricewaterhouseCoopers 2009, p.5) With the increases in medical costs, how have consumers behaved? The theory of individual behavior gives us a good understanding of how consumers have acted on the price increases. The indifference curve that defines the combinations of two goods that give a consumer the same level of satisfaction can analyze the impact of the medical costs as well."
Tags: health care, individual behavior, indifference curve, budget constraint, economics
Abstract Individuals define society. History recognizes the importance of individual members of society who stand out for good or bad reasons. Where would society be without individuals such as Abraham Lincoln or John Wilkes Booth? The paper explains that the first individual receives praise for saving a nation and ending slavery, the other became famous for the assassination of the first. No one would know who John Wilkes Booth was if it had not been for Lincoln's uniqueness in society. The individuals, the heroes, the villains, the loners, and the outcasts help define those societies that produce them. The paper shows that "Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving and "The Birthmark" by Nathaniel Hawthorne are two stories about individuals that defined a society by their difference. "Rip Van Winkle" provides a story that relates to the American Revolution and the freedom from tyranny. "The Birthmark" explores the issue of how much humans can change nature and what the consequences of such attempts are.
From the Paper "The story of Rip Van Winkle represents the changes of American society during the Revolutionary War. There is sense of the old tyrannical government of Britain present in Dame Van Winkle. The death of Dame Van Winkle is symbolic of the end of the Revolutionary War. Rip, like America, escaped from the oppressive rule of another."
Abstract This paper discusses the legal case, 'Roe v. Wade', and the Patriot Act to examine the issue of individual rights and social responsibility. The paper distinguishes between individual rights, with the case of Roe v. Wade, a United States Supreme Court case that found that a women's right to abortion was fundamental and could only be restricted if there was a compelling state interest and social responsibility and the Patriot Act, which was passed following 9/11 and which is an example of when social responsibility takes priority over individual liberty. The paper then discusses the need for individuals to give up part of their freedom and some of their rights in order to benefit and protect society as a whole. The paper also stresses that a balance in individual rights and social responsibility is important for the growth of a community and for the betterment of the country.
Outline:
Introduction
Individual Rights
Social Responsibility
Conclusion
References
From the Paper "Civilized human society operates through the idea of a social contract. Individuals give up part of their freedoms and some of their rights in order to benefit and protect society as a whole. The essential provision of the social contract is cooperation. One of the aims of a social contract is a stable society. In a civilized society, individual rights in certain situations will not have priority over the protection of the whole. In the United States a balancing act has been accomplished without the extremes of a police state. Even in our society there is conflict between individual rights and social responsibility."
The paper reviews six articles which appeared in various published texts to show how special needs for individuals are catered for in the educational field.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, 2002, $ 48.95
Abstract A review of six published texts to show how the special needs of individuals are treated in the field of education. Each article looks at special needs from a different angle and shows how this topic is covered by the media in America today.
The subjects and their texts reviewed are:
Individuals with Emotional/Behavioral Disorders ("Supreme Court: Private schooling for "Confinement" Does not Qualify for District Funding." Special Education News);
Individuals with Hearing Impairments ("Online Literacy Project Targets Kids with Hearing Disabilities." Special Education News);
Understanding Depression/Suicide (Pierson, T. "Suicide: Questions Most Frequently Asked." Suicide Awareness Voices of Education, 1996);
Gifted Individuals (Berger, S. & Winebrenner, S. "Providing Curriculum Alternatives To Motivate Gifted Students.");
The Law and Disability ("Bush Calls Education 'Civil Rights Issue of our Time'" CNN.com)
Individuals with Learning Disabilities ( "Adult Learning Disabilities - Moving beyond Humiliation." CNN.com)
From the Paper "This article describes statements made by President George Bush about education including that education is "the great civil rights issue of our time." Bush describes his plan to make changes to education in America. The focus is especially on children with learning difficulties with Bush being quoted as saying "we must have high expectations for children who are more difficult to teach or who have fallen behind."
Bush describes a plan increasing funding for the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), a federal program that aids disadvantaged schoolchildren and also recognizes that schools cannot meet the high costs associated with providing education to children with disabilities."
Abstract This thesis presents a model for individualized instruction, which is a system of education whereby curriculum and instruction is tailored to the needs of learners to ensure success, such that, through the love of learning generated by this method of instruction, students experience success. The main purpose of the thesis is to identify the main facets of individualized education that contribute to the success of individualized instruction. The thesis argues that successful individualized instruction is a work of A.R.T. (Accountability, Responsibility and Teamwork). The thesis evaluates the concept of A.R.T and the effects of the system at an institute, the South Florida Academy Of Learning, through the use of a questionnaire and an analysis of grades. In addition to the research, its presentation and analysis, and the development of the model for individualized instruction, a literature review is presented, which gives a thorough background to the subject and puts the current research into context.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Study
Introduction
Background of Study
Statement of Problem
Purpose of Study
Rationale
Research Question
Nature of Study
Significance of Study
Definition of Terms
Assumptions and Limitations
Organization of Remainder of Proposal
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Chapter 3: Methodology
Design of the Study
Design of the Evaluation
Sample and Population or Source of Data
Instrumentation Plan
Data Collection Plan and Other Procedures
Data Analysis Plan
Results and Recommendations
Findings
The Survey/Questionnaire
The Norm-referenced Testing Grade Equivalent Results
Chapter 4: Conclusion and Discussion
Bibliography
Appendix 1: Survey Questionnaire
Appendix 2: Human Participants in Research Form
From the Paper "Here, therefore, in the work of Gardener, and its modern applications, we see the basis of individualized instruction programs. Indeed, Mindy Kornhaber and her colleagues at the Project SUMIT (Schools Using Multiple Intelligences Theory) have examined the performance of a number of schools and concluded that there have been significant gains in respect of SATs scores, parental participation, and discipline (with the schools themselves attributing this to MI theory) (Smith, 2002). To the extent that Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences theory has helped educators to reflect on their practice, and given them a basis to broaden their focus and to attend to what might assist people to live their lives well, it has to be judged a useful addition (Smith, 2002)."
Abstract In this article, the writer explains that lifespan development and developmental psychology, in general, study the changes that occur in an individual throughout his entire lifespan, from his existence as a prenatal to old age and death. The writer notes that basically, lifespan development studies the evolution and changes of the individual, as well as of groups of individuals, over their entire period of life. On the other hand, the writer maintains that it is important to have a definition of the term development, as perceived by psychologists. It is much more difficult for an individual nowadays to be separated from the environment in which he lives and works and be examined as he is. The writer discusses that this can be in part beneficial for a psychologist, witnessing the object of study at work, in his own environment, but it can also be challenging, due to the fact that collectivism seems to be much better represented nowadays than individualism was before.
From the Paper "Among the most important categories of lifespan development methodologies, we can enumerate longitudinal study and cross-sectional study. In the longitudinal study, individuals that are born around the same period of time are jointly analyzed throughout their lifespan in order to observe not only individual development, but also differential individual development and see how and why individuals developed differently.
"On the other hand, in the cross-sectional study, the psychologist will aim to analyze individuals of different ages at a certain moment of time. Differently from the previous method, this will require fewer resources while provided useful resources about the individual development at various age stages. Cross-sectional study also helps lifespan development psychologists answer important questions referring to whether or not experience changes actual accumulation and development of an individual and how different age groups react differently in different situations ..."
Abstract This paper defines and discusses the two ideologies of individual rights and public order. In particular, the paper compares the philosophies of both ideologies and discusses the pros and cons of each one. The paper concludes that in a well-maintained society a balance of both individual rights and public order is a necessity, although there can be a thin line between the two.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Individual Rights
Advantages to Individual Rights
Disadvantages to Individual Rights
Public Order
Advantages to Public Order
Disadvantages to Public Order
Summary
Conclusion
From the Paper "When crack cocaine hit the streets in 1980s and 1990s, the public observed an increase in crime, which threatened the foundation of their community and society as a whole. Problems include drug addiction; vandalism and destructive behavior; rape and other sexual offenses; gang-related violence; drug trafficking; vehicular accidents and injuries and other violent and property crimes. Violence associated with drugs has turned many neighborhoods, especially the poverty-stricken areas into war zones. Gang-related activities are at the core of many of the violent crime sprees. While gang-motivated murders declined in the early 1990s, gang-affiliated homicides rose. This increase was due to the involvement of gang members - not gangs in the drug trade."
