Abstract For every historical event, there are numerous interpretations as to why it occurred. The U.N. Mandate to create the State of Israel involved a complexity of issues and complications whose ramifications continue to resonate in the world today. The reasons for the creation of the Mandate and the resulting fate of the Palestinian people began long before the actual Mandate itself. To analyze why the U.N. created Israel, this paper examines several contributing factors: The force and desires of the Zionist movement, the Balfour Declaration, the relationship between Britain, the United States and various Arab countries, British and American interests in Palestine and the impact of the Holocaust. The paper takes on a pro-Palestine perspective.
From the Paper "However, if the Exodus incident had not occurred then the visit by UNSCOP to the Displaced Persons Camps would have swung the vote in the Zionist's favor. There, the Committee members had to face over 350,000 Holocaust survivors. No matter what land claims the Palestinians had in their favor, the Committee could not bring themselves to ignore the plight of those who had survived the Nazi death camps. The Committee became convinced that a Jewish state was now the only solution (Ibid 25)."
Abstract This paper examines and summarizes dozens of research studies about immigrants to Australia in the aftermath of World War II. The paper focuses on the works of social scientists -- primarily sociologists -- regarding the displaced placed persons phenomenon and its impact on Australia. The paper also looks at studies that researched the ability of these DPs to integrate into Australian society -- both at the time and over the long-term. Another study focuses on the corollaries between the DP immigration and later immigration from the Far East and Asia. Finally, the paper looks at research into the Australian governments handling of immigration and immigrant issues.
From the Paper "Post war immigration is discussed briefly in general histories of Australia such as Crawford, Shaw and Ward. In these surveys, the reasons for Australia new immigration policy are discussed briefly, with some mention of the Displaced Persons Scheme, but in no great detail. The first thorough archival research work on the topic was conducted by Andrew Markus and in 1984 he published two articles in Labour History, the first concentrated on the development of post war immigration policy. Markus argued that prior to World War II, the Australian Labor Party opposed governmentally sponsored immigration plans on the grounds that an increased work force would strengthen the bargaining position of employers. During and immediately following the war, however, Labor endorsed immigration as a means of securing Australia's ability to defend itself and to develop the nation's resources. The second article specifically examined the Displaced Persons Scheme. Markus discussed the origins of the scheme, the reasons for its expansion and government attempts to gain the support of unions , the media and the general public. A feature of Markus's work is his detailed use of the Department of Immigration files. Markus pioneered the use of this important archival resource. Markus's articles were followed by longer studies in the late 1980s. In 1988 Glenda Sluga's work on Bonegilla was published."
Abstract The writer explains that Holocaust deniers feel that the material taught in schools and colleges is propaganda written by Jews to gain sympathy, collect money for the State of Israel and to perpetrate hatred of the Nazi movement. It explains that the Holocaust deniers feel that their opinions should be taught in schools and colleges as part of the curriculum. The writer contends that the Holocaust curriculum taught is accurate and need not include claims made by historical deniers. The paper brings the three main arguments made by Holocaust deniers. The writer states objections to each argument and raises doubts about them. In conclusion, the writer states that Holocaust deniers have no logical arguments when confronted with information that is contrary to their beliefs and that the historical convergence of evidence proving the Holocaust did happen overpowers the illogical thinking of the deniers.
Table of Contents:
Statement
Argument One
Objection
Reply
Argument Two
Objection
Reply
Argument Three
Objection
Reply
Conclusion
From the Paper "Holocaust deniers do not deny that there are gas chambers and that some were even used to murder concentration camp victims. We simply state that they were not used for the mass murder of Jews during the Final Solution. They were there for the delousing of linens and clothing. There is not one shred of written proof that the Jews were ordered to die by gas chambers. As for the crematorium, we also do not argue that conditions in concentration camps were harsh, causing the death of many. Crematoriums were the most efficient way to dispose of the bodies who died naturally at the concentration camps."
A look at the contrasting works "Survival in Auschwitz: The Nazi Assault on Humanity" by Primo Levi and "A Scrap of Time and Other Stories" by Ida Fink. The two books offer opportunities for interesting contrasts,
Abstract In this comparative review, the author looks at two prominent books written about the Holocaust, "Survival in Auschwitz: The Nazi Assault on Humanity" by Primo Levi and "A Scrap of Time and Other Stories" by Ida Fink. The paper starts with a brief but poignant history of the Holocaust and the attitudes to it. The author then proceeds to look at the two books which in his opinion offer opportunities for interesting contrasts. He highlights how Levi has written a factual account of his personal experiences towards the end of the war whereas Fink is considered to have written a fiction story which covers the whole period of the war even though she was also subjected to the horrors of the war. The author concludes that even though both books are categorized differently they both tell the same horrific story of man's inhumanity to man and neither book will let you shrug.
From the Paper "Though both books describe events that revile even the most stoic among us, the two authors seem to emphasize different aspects of the experiences described. Levi's work is essentially a success story. Will and grit, and a little luck, lead to his survival. As the author remarks, "Man's capacity to dig himself in, to secrete a shell, to build around himself a tenuous barrier of defence [sic], even in apparently desperate circumstances, is astonishing and merits a serious study" (56). Fink's book reports few successes. Parents sacrifice children, friends turn on friends, individuals are forced to face and embrace their darkest selves. Though both authors tell chilling tales, Levi
seems to offer more hope, while Fink leaves the reader with feelings of deep despair."
Abstract In addition to the secrecy of Swiss banks, they differ from U.S. banks in two other significant ways, the variety of services offered and the quality of their loans. This paper examines the history of Swiss banking and compares it to the American banking system. The paper also discusses the billions of dollars belonging to Holocaust victims that were held by the Swiss banks for so many years, before a solution was found.
From the Paper "In 1996 US Senator Alfonse D'Amato (R-NY) brought this issue to the attention of the US government and hearings were held in the Senate. On February 6, 1997, three Swiss banks, following intense pressure form the US, announced they would create a humanitarian fund of 100 million Swiss Francs ($70 million US Dollars). Jewish organizations were critical, however, estimating that there could be billions unaccounted-for. Later that year, the Swiss government created a humanitarian fund of five billion dollars."
Abstract This paper describes the Russian Pale of Settlement, in which Jews were concentrated and separated from the greater Russian society. The historical period examined by this paper is the early 19th through the early 20th centuries. The paper discusses how the Jewish population developed their own unique culture within this enclave. The paper also looks at the survival skills they honed to cope with the anti-Semitism that they continually faced.
From the Paper "The Pale of Settlement is a uniquely Russian construction of a separate place and space for Jews. It was officially established by a decree of Czar Nicholas I in April of ... With minor modifications it remained Russian policy until..."
Tags: minority groups, Jews, Russia, Pale of Settlement, social work
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts Japanese and Nazi medical and scientific experiments on human beings without their consent, performed by German and Japanese doctors from 1933-1945. It discusses the German experiments on concentration camp prisoners. It also expands on the Japanese experiments carried out in Manchuria and China, carried out chiefly to support Japanese biological warfare programs. The author expands on the role played by the United States after the War. Finally it discusses the indifference of both Nazi Germans and the Japanese to their victims.
From the Paper "This research paper compares and contrasts the medical scientific experiments performed by Japanese and Nazi doctors on human beings between 1933 and 1945. These gruesome experiments were done without the consent of the victims ..."
Abstract This paper refers to treatment of Jews by most Poles during WWII as assisting the Germans locate and kill Jews. The author points out that, although the survival rate for Jews in Poland was only 1 percent, hostility and violence against them marked the post WWII period, including the 1946 Kiel pogrom. The paper cites official anti-Semitic campaigns against Jews in the 1960s.
From the Paper "Polish-Jewish relations still remain strained after a turbulent relationship during the ... century. During WWII, the survival rate for Jews in Poland was percent 1 percent. During WWII, Poland was partitioned by Germany and Russia. Stalin .."
Tags: Polish, Jewish, Jews, Poles, society, racism, prejudice, violence, pogroms, ideology, Catholic church, law enforcement, anti-Semitic, fascism, Soviet Russia
Abstract This paper examines what motivates people to kill. The author relate how many people actually take part in mass killing and killing in war. The paper explores specific conflicts and killings.
From the Paper "Semelin examines the motives of the individual for participating in mass killings and notes that there are many reasons but most revolve around prestige and looking good in the eyes of ones neighbors friends and coworkers. He looks at the killing of the Jews in World War II often by neighbors or friends or at least fellow countrymen like the Poles and notes that people went along with the tide of what was happening. They justified what they did by believing they were obeying their superiors ..."
Abstract This paper discusses Arthur Miller's play, "The Crucible", and compares elements of Miller's play about the Salem witch trials with events orchestrated by Hitler during the Holocaust.
From the Paper "In Arthur Miller's "The Crucible", the author provides a dramatization of the fanaticism and hysteria generated during the Salem witch trials in the seventeenth century. Miller drafted the play in light of his reaction to the fanaticism and hysteria which he found characterized 1950s America prompted by the fear of communism and the House Un-American Activities Commission hearings led by fanatical anti-communist Senator Joseph McCarthy. Miller felt both this era in American history and the Salem witch trials demonstrated how fear and..."
Abstract This paper compares and contrasts the experiences of Anne Frank and Hatsuyo Nakamura in relation to their respective experiences with the horrors of war and discrimination.
From the Paper "The experiences of Hatsuyo Nakamura and Anne Frank reveal how ordinary individuals confronted with the incomprehensible horrors of war and discrimination often achieve extraordinary feats. There are many similarities between Hatsuyo Nakamura and Anne Frank. They both suffered great losses due to war, they both were subjected to discrimination of the most oppressive nature and they both found a way to persevere in the midst of the horrors of war. While their cultures, religions and economic circumstances differed, the experiences of both Hatsuyo Nakamura and Anne Frank reveal..."
Abstract This paper examines filmmaker Alain Resnais' documentary approach to recounting memories of the Holocaust with a warning never to forget. The paper includes a list of the sources used by the filmmaker and an annotated bibliography.
Tags: Holocaust, Nazi Germany, concentration camps, memories, cinematic techniques
Abstract This paper presents a critique of Charlie Chaplin's "The Great Dictator" and Steven Spielberg's "Schindler's List." The critique includes a summary of the film, characterization in the film, audience reaction, and critical reaction. Also included is a discussion about how the films relate to the Nazi regime and the Holocaust.
From the Paper "Before the horrors of the Holocaust became evident, Charlie Chaplin's "The Great Dictator" advocating the forces of democracy to collectively stand against fascism found its way into theaters. Ironically, production of the film began on September the day Britain and France declared war on Germany. Prior to WWII Britain's policy of appeasement and the U S policy of isolationism did little to persuade Chaplin against making the film a parody of Hitler's and Mussolini's fascism. Britain announced it would not release the film for fear of..."
Abstract This paper explores the events occurring on Hitler's last day of life, April 30, 1945, as discussed in the books "The Last Days of Hitler: Legend, Evidence and Truth" and "Nazi Germany: A New History". It explains that these sources tell two different accounts of Hitler's final day of tension, turmoil, and utter apathy.
From the Paper "His chief aim was to acquire an empire for purely German people through his mighty military machine. It was the goals and desires of this one man, Hitler which led Germany to become involved in a two-front war inevitably leading to the fall of Hitler's Third Reich and, his suicide. The events occurring on Hitler's last day of life, April 30 were discussed in the books ..."
Tags: The events occurring on Hitler's last day of life (April 30, 1945), discussed in the books The Last Days of Hitler: Legend, Evidence and Truth and Nazi Germany: A New History, Primary Sources.
Abstract This paper argues that the main theme in both Resnais' film "Night and Fog" and Spielberg's film "Schindler's List" is to remind individuals of their responsibility to ensure that such atrocities as the Holocaust never occur again.
