Abstract This paper takes the position that Martha Stewart, while not considered a heroine by many, actually has more characteristics of a heroine than many people who are famous today. The paper acknowledges that Steward did make many mistakes, which include lying about insider trading and being a difficult manager, but she also worked her way up from being a housewife to going to prison to making a comeback, and this certainly, makes her a heroine. The paper asserts that Martha Stewart can be called a heroine because she creative, influential, and courageous -- all qualities of a hero.
From the Paper "Martha Stewart is creative. Martha Stewart took an American Dream and made it come true. She is an entrepreneur who is creative in the arts of cooking, gardening, crafts, and home decoration. Her name is on many products that women buy for their homes. Martha Stewart came from a poor, Polish-American family that had six children."
Abstract This paper researches the use of heroin. It reports that this highly addictive and often fatal drug was first developed in the 19th century from morphine and its abuse has become prevalent in North American society. It explains the effects such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, and a feeling euphoria and reports that tolerance can develop to the drug, and if not treated an individual can die or go into a coma.
From the Paper "Heroin, also known by street names such as "ferry dust", "smack", "brown sugar" and "junk," is the most abused and rapidly acting of the opiates. In its purest form, heroin is a white, fluffy powder with a bitter taste. Most illicit heroin ranges in color from white to dark brown due to the impurities from the manufacturing process as well as additives. Heroin also comes in a dark sticky substance commonly known as "black tar heroin." While injection remains the predominant method of use for addicted users, sniffing and smoking heroin, especially among younger users, is rapidly on the rise."
Abstract This paper takes a look at the growing problem of heroin abuse in America. The paper explains what heroin is, how it is made, how it looks and how it is usually injected by the typical heroin addict. The paper also looks at where most heroin is manufactured and imported, who are the typical drug traffickers and trends in heroin use patterns. Additionally, the paper discusses the tremendous addictive quality of heroin, its effects on users, withdrawal symptoms, the dangers of overdosing and the long term physical and social damage caused by heroin abuse.
From the Paper "A recent National Household Survey on Drug Abuse, estimates that 1.4 million people have used heroin in their lifetime. This estimate was about twice as large as the one conducted almost three short years earlier. With heroin use on the rise, getting the facts about heroin abuse and addiction to the public has never been more important. Heroin use started making a comeback in the mid-to-late 80's, and is becoming the new drug trend. Many substance abuse experts are worried, because the same factors that fueled the crack epidemic are now fueling the new explosion of heroin. Researchers have found that whenever there is a stimulant epidemic, it is usually followed by an opiate epidemic. Why? Because what goes up, must come down. Besides smoking heroin is becoming popular with many who are already abusing crack. Mixing heroin with crack takes the edge off the crack high and mellows the "crash" that follows."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that heroin use is a problem plaguing countries all over the world. One of the most common and successful ways to combat heroin use is with pharmacological measures. The writer points out that naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, is used to reverse the effects of a heroin overdose. In 2002 it was approved in a combination tablet with buprenorphine for the treatment of heroin addiction. The writer discusses that the approval of the combination buprenorphine/naloxone tablet means that more nurses working in an outpatient setting will be administering naloxone to patients seeking help for heroin and opiate abuse. The writer them emphasizes the importance of explaining the indications and possible side effects of any drugs administered to patients, and to know the proper procedures to take should a patient misuse the medication. The writer concludes that hopefully, as the medical community becomes more aware of the problems associated with drug use and dependence, we will be able to come up with better solutions to solving the problem.
From the Paper "In a study done by Cantwell et al., paramedics assessed patients for respiratory status, concurrent drug intoxication, and evaluated the patient according to the Glasgow Coma Scale. Overdose victims were more likely to receive less than the standard dose of naloxone with each single increase in number of breaths. With an increasing Glasgow Coma Scale score, patients were more likely to receive less than the standard dose of naloxone. Patients with concurrent alcohol intoxication were more likely to receive greater than the standard dose of naloxone. It is thought that alcohol combined with heroin causes greater CNS depression than that produced by heroin alone. The trend towards older patients, and male patients receiving higher doses was also seen. The study suggests that patients with a higher level of consciousness and respiratory rate require a smaller dose of naloxone to return to a normal state than those patients with a lower respiratory rate and decreased level of consciousness."
Abstract This paper proposes a study is to determine if heroin users in the Washington DC metropolitan area who overdose and use antihistamines are less likely to develop NCPE than those who overdose and do not use antihistamines. The study uses a predictive correlational design. The independent variable is antihistamine use and the dependant variable is development of NCPE. The study is to take place in two Washington DC metropolitan hospitals and the subjects are heroin users without any pre-existing pulmonary condition other than asthma, admitted to the hospital in the past five years and diagnosed as having a heroin overdose.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Problem/Research Question
Purpose
Hypothesis
Definition of Terms
Limitations
Conceptual Framework
Review of Literature
Design and Setting
Population and Sample
Instrument
Validity and Reliability
Data Collection Procedure
Data Analysis Procedures
From the Paper "Following a heroin overdose, a person may develop one, or several different reactions to the drug. Pulmonary edema can occur as the result of increased permeability of the capillaries in the lungs. The lungs swell and fill with fluid, and if this condition is left untreated it can lead to death. Histamine is thought to increase capillary permeability, thus furthering the edema process. If antihistamines lower the histamine level, and decrease the chances of patients who are taking them to develop pulmonary edema after a heroin overdose, then these patients need to be cared for differently than those patients who are not taking antihistamines. Patients who are taking antihistamines at the time of their overdose would not need to have x-rays taken to see if edema has developed, thus avoiding needless exposure to radiation. "
Abstract This paper takes an in-depth look at heroin. According to the paper, heroin, like all drugs, knows no social, ethnic or economic barriers. The paper goes on to discuss the history of the drug, as well as the abuse of the drug.
From the Paper "In the November 1998 issue of The Journal of Psychology, Frank Patalano reported the results of a study conducted to study cross-cultural similarities in the personalities of heroin users in the United States and India. Findings indicated that Indian heroin users were more neurotic, impulsive, sociable and extraverted than their American counterparts, and that both male and female heroin users readily admitted personal difficulties (Patalano). Moreover, there were differences regarding the level of emotional distress, depression, and sensitivity (Patalano). According to the study, users showed less emotional stability and were more easily upset. They also had less ego strength, were more insecure, more frustrated, and had weakened superego strength (Patalano). These findings were similar to the results of earlier studies of hard core heroin addicts in the United States and later studies of male and female multiple-substance abusers, who used heroin as well as other illicit drugs (Patalano)."
Abstract This paper explores the development of the heroin industry in Afghanistan, its key players, the forms of political corruption, smuggling routes and interventions applied. The paper shows why controlling the drug industry in Central and Eastern Asia is an insurmountable task and posits that collaboration and commitment by the bordering countries of Afghanistan is required to strategically thwart the transfer of drugs to other countries. The paper also believes that hitting the industry economically is the only means of reducing the production and trafficking of heroin.
From the Paper "Afghanistan is an impoverished country, devastated from thirty years of war, prolonged drought, malnutrition, low life expectancy, and epidemic levels of HIV. It has created, and become, economically dependent upon a multi-billion dollar transnational heroin production, refining, and trafficking industry. In order to protect the industry, its political institution, which is completely corrupt and headed by drug lords, is alienated from and foreign to the contexts of mainstream political systems. Afghanistan has forcefully infiltrated surrounding countries as a means of forging smuggling pathways to Russia, Europe, and other global domains."
Tags: opium, drugs, corruption, war, lords, smuggling
Abstract This paper discusses heroin, a powerful, highly addictive drug that is derived from opium, which was first synthesized from morphine in the 1890s and was initially considered to be an effective pain killer and cough suppressant. It looks at how its manufacture and sale is now illegal in most countries because of its widespread abuse and habit-forming qualities and focuses on the long-term and short-term, harmful effects on the human body.
From the Paper "In the longer term, the heroin user becomes totally dependent on the drug until his whole life revolves around the effort to get the next "fix." Other long term psychological effects of heroin include loss of enthusiasm and involvement in everyday affairs, withdrawal from hobbies and sports, reluctance to make new friends, irritability and overreaction to criticism, sudden changes in mood and compulsive lying. A heroin user goes to great lengths to deny that he is a drug abuser. Devious and manipulative behavior aimed at getting money for supporting the drug is also a typical long term effect of heroin. Distorted perception, hallucinations, and paranoia are the other long-term psychological effects of heroin."
