Abstract This paper examines the history of equal employment opportunity and how it impacts human resource management today. Human resources managers must be aware of the how the EEO laws affect employees, potential employees, and retiring employees. This is because these eight Equal Employment Opportunity laws impact several areas of human resources management, including compensation, employee selection, opportunities for training and promotion, performance appraisal, and retirement.
From the Paper "Another area of human resource management concerned with EEO laws is the area of promotion and job training opportunities. The Age Discrimination Act of 1967 is one law that targets 20% of all discrimination charges, which happen to fall into the category of age related discrimination. Age related discrimination tends to occur often when decisions are being made about additional job training, funding for continuing education, and downsizing through "early retirement" programs (Bohlander, 56). Other elderly people are looked over for hire or promotion because they are considered too old and un-hip to promote. Casual remarks that express ageist attitudes can easily be used to build cases of discrimination based on age (Bohlander, 56)."
Abstract This paper shows that the media has misrepresented homosexuals in many different ways. Television and newspaper are especially differing in their portrayals of homosexuals. Current television programs have divided homosexuals into a distinct cultural group, typecasting them as sharing the same personality, lifestyle and values. They are often seen on television as being the victims of ridicule, as they are utilized in television program for providing a humorous effect. The paper shows that converse to television, newspaper, and at times radio, expose the negative portrayals of homosexuals, depicting them as being unnatural and immoral. Furthermore, the media has played a part in placing stigmas upon homosexuals, including the association they are believed to have with sex crimes, drugs and terminal sexually transmitting diseases.
From the Paper "Presently, television is a considerable contributor in the stereotyping of homosexuals. Excessively effeminate mannerisms, high pitched speaking voices, exaggerated garish and stylish clothing are images of homosexuals which are common on almost every television channel. This is, however, a vast media misrepresentation, since in reality homosexuals are considerably difficult to identify. Television particularly places gay men in brackets, giving them shared personality traits and occupations. On television programs, homosexual characters entertain audiences by predominantly possessing an energetic and flamboyant character, often even being outspoken transvestites."
Abstract This essay examines the importance of advertising in today's society and analyses the representation of gender, race and class in today's advertising. The essay argues that gender and racial inequality and stereotyping are very much present in today's advertising and furthermore that this serves advertising needs. It also argues that advertising, combined with technology is a powerful tool in maintaining consumerist culture and that many corporations depend heavily on advertising for profit. Advertising is sophisticated, very well thought through and everywhere. It directly impacts our choices and often mirrors society.
Abstract The paper explains that stereotyping is an attempt to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. The paper shows the impossibility of this, since no two individuals are alike. The paper looks at stereotypes of politicians and discusses the belief that tattoos are related to gangs, drug heads and motorcycle groups. The paper examines stereotypes of feminists and of the elderly community. The paper shows just how cruel judgments are when they are made about groups of individuals that people know little about.
From the Paper "Beliefs and values play a large role in society today, and eventually they will evolve over time. There are many different expressions of beliefs and values directly associated with stereotypes. Euphemism and dysphemism are rhetorical terms that are widely used in conjunction with stereotypes. Stereotyping is a natural function of the human and social mind. Essentially, the natural functions of stereotypes are actual sketches of how a group of people is perceived and how they perceive themselves. The stereotypes within this paper are normally viewed as erroneous. These are attempts to claim that each individual in a certain group shares a set of common qualities. No two individuals are alike, so this would be logically impossible."
Abstract The writer examines how gender socialization is reinforced or facilitated by children's clothes, toys and books, based on the observation of a child's clothing, toy and book store at a mall in Los Angeles. The writer shows how stores offered gender-coded clothes for newborns, toys that reflected the gender roles expected by society, and books for school-age children that tended to encourage them to fit into these gender-specific roles. The paper concludes that we should become conscious about our perception on gender identity and how our lives are limited and reinforced by gender stereotypes.
From the Paper "Purchasing baby clothes is the very first exciting thing for new parents, their families or their friends. Just like someone expecting a baby soon, I excitingly stepped into a children's clothing store. I strolled up and down the boy's section and girl's section of the store and thought, "why everything here is gender-coded and why everything has a clear distinctions in gender?!" No color was gender-neutral. Warm, soft colors like pink were for girls. Dark colors like brown or very bright colors like red were for boys. Only pale green and yellow seemed to be gender-neutral, which I guess was reserved for the children of unknown sex. In addition to colors, the motifs used for outfits were also gender-coded. For example, butterflies, flowers, laces, and ribbons represented girls. Motor vehicles, tools, sports equipments represented boys. Baby items or animals seemed to be gender-neutral."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in today's modern world, the issue of gay marriage has spawned a huge debate centering on whether or not gay couples should be legally allowed to become married. Those who oppose gay marriage contend that such an arrangement if made legal would destroy American society by changing the traditional family unit of a mother, father and children; others point out that gay marriage is not supported by the Christian religion. The writer discusses that in contrast, those who support gay marriage contend that such an arrangement between either two men or two women is factually not that different from traditional marriages and that all of the arguments against gay marriage are based on misinformation, rumor and outright lies by numerous national organizations seeking to make certain that gay marriage is never made legal nor recognized as a legitimate way of living. The writer concludes that it is quite clear that if gay marriage was legalized in the United States, our current social systems would not collapse nor become non-existent.
From the Paper "Not surprisingly, gay couples in today's America see this opposition to gay marriage as nothing less than an issue of civil rights. As outlined in the Bill of Rights, every American citizen is entitled to the same civil and legal protections regardless of race, national origin, religious beliefs and sexual gender. Thus, it is abundantly clear that gay marriage should be legal in the United States in the face of so much opposition which is mostly based on religious beliefs and unfounded cultural fears and phobias. For example, if the science of genetics does eventually determine beyond a shadow of a doubt that being gay is inborn, i.e. genetically predetermined, then what the Holy Bible says about homosexuality is hypocritical."
"In conclusion, it is quite clear that if gay marriage was legalized in the United States, our current social systems would not collapse nor become non-existent."
Abstract This paper looks at the masculine character of the woman, Fefu in Maria Irene Forne's play "Fefu and Her Friends". It shows the various ways that Fefu strays from her traditional role as a woman as she gives up her gender to join the male forces in society.
From the Paper "Feminism is an area of increasing interest and mystery especially in modern plays like Maria Irene Fornes's Fefu and Her Friends. Fefu, an antithesis to her stereotypical fellow women, serves as the bold, daring and "new cross-gender" type figure of the play. This broad spectrum of extreme levels of manhood portrayed by Fefu is equalized out and even supported by the overall characterizations of the women in the text. In turn, these characterizations of Fefu and her friends all come together to depict Fefu's "manhood". Although a woman, Fefu portrays herself as a strong, domineering character, like the stereotypical male, and tries to enforce this masculinity upon her friends."
From the Paper "Rock recordings and performances since the 1950s have been essentially about freedom and sex. The main derivative source, the blues and rhythm and blues, has always been essentially about freedom and sex. So how does rock portray sex? It is portrayed in all forms, in all deviations, in all fetish manifestations. In the pantheon of song characters and, indeed in the rock world itself, there are cross-dressers, homosexuals, transvestites, prostitutes, groupies and toyboys. There is bondage, incest, one night stands as well as love and marriage. It is all there and more. Yet there is a constant battle among critics and observers that has raged since rock's beginnings about how gender and sexuality is and should be portrayed. Generally, Rock and Roll tends to polarize opinion and has a tendency to push even the most objective observer into fits of subjective raving."
Abstract An examination of the advantages and the disadvantages of using self-efficacy counseling based upon the client's gender. The author analyzes whether issues of self-efficacy should be used in counseling depending on the gender of the patient due to the differences between men and women's reactions.
From the Paper "The self-efficacy theory is based on the statement that people deal with the environment and various situations based on their self-judgments of how well they can perform in a given scenario and how well they can cope with a given behavior. Self-efficacy also determines how long the individuals will persist at facing an obstacle and how much effort will be put in overcoming it (Bandura, 1982)."
Abstract This paper looks at all that is involved when changing genders. The author looks at both the surgical procedures along with the psychological implications. Detailed discussion of the surgical procedure is included -- and we therefore warn anyone before purchasing this paper that graphic accounts are given.
From the Paper "Transsexualism is defined in the Mosby's Medical, Nursing and Allied Health Dictionary as "a condition in which a person has an intense desire to discard one's biologic sex and live as a member of the opposite sex. It is considered a psychiatric disorder if the condition continues for more than 2 years. Some transsexual individuals crossdress and seek medical or surgical help to change their physical sex characteristics". Transexualism is marked by the belief of the individual that he or she was born into the wrong sex and should be the other. This is a conviction that usually dates back as far as the individual can remember and does not seem to be subject to change through life experiences. It can also be defined as extreme gender dysphoria. There is also a set of terminology created by the transgendered community that is now being adopted by the medical community. For example, a femisexual is a transsexual who crosses the gender barriers from male to female, having completed genital surgery whereas a mascusexual is a female-to-male transsexual who has completed genital surgery. Complisexual is a broad term to refer to individuals who are either femisexual or mascusexual. Treatment of transsexualism is aimed at helping the individual match their "inner sense" to their outward appearance and body, usually through hormone therapy and surgery. There are several theories as to what causes one to be a transsexual. Some are neurobiological while many older ones are psychosocial."
Abstract This paper deals with suicide in young males. Tracing some of the causes, like depression, the author attempts to provide an in-depth account of suicide. Quoting many experts on the subject, the author is able to provide facts and figures on the subject as well as lending a personal subjective account.
From the Paper ?The etiology of suicide among young males is complex. Factors that contribute to suicide among the general population also are largely accountable for suicides of young males. However, some particular etiologies tend to be especially relevant in explaining suicide among both male teens and young adults. These include: untreated depression, substance abuse, and a connection with birth trauma, psychosocial factors and helplessness.?
Abstract This paper lists arguments both for and against same-sex marriages. The author discusses the different schools of thought that both support and argue against same sex marriage and concludes with a personal opinion about the issue.
From the Paper ?I now pronounce you husband and husband,? the priest might say. ?You may kiss the groom.? This sounds a bit odd, doesn"t it" This could be an excerpt from the ceremony of a same-sex marriage. Although they are not currently lawful in the United States, gay and lesbian activists are presently campaigning both in and out of the courtroom for same-sex marriages to be declared legal. However, there are several schools of thought that either support or oppose this issue."
Abstract This paper examines the causes of sexual orientation and cites many sources that indicate that homosexuality is a biological condition related to a region on the bottom of the X chromosome in the homosexual male.
From the Paper "As the 20th century gradually becomes a smaller and smaller object in the rear view mirror of time, society's tolerance of discrimination based on one's sexual orientation is rapidly decreasing. While it may seem that homosexuality and bisexuality are relatively new compared to heterosexuality, this is not the case. This popular misconception is likely do to an increased presence and awareness of persons with these minority sexual orientations due to society's more tolerant attitude. In reality, it is likely that homosexuals and bisexuals have been around since the dawn of man; however, most were forced to hide their sexual orientation for thousands of years because of societal pressures. In fact, homosexuality and bisexuality did not begin with the evolution of humans. Despite the widely accepted belief that animals do not exhibit homosexual behavior, one of the main arguments behind the belief that homosexuality is somehow ?unnatural,? scientists have found evidence of homosexuality in over 450 species of animals (Price, 1999). Therefore, if humans evolved from animals that have heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual individuals, it would be expected, or at the very least not surprising, that humans would also exhibit these sexual orientations."
A critical evaluation of two sociolinguistic studies which demonstrate the Difference and Dominance positions regarding the differences in female and male language usage.
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, 2001, $ 55.95
Abstract This paper discusses the two contrasting theories regarding gender differences in speech: the Dominance approach and the Difference approach, by reference to Deborah Tannen's study "You Just Don?t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation" and West and Zimmerman's study "Sex Roles, Interruptions and Silences in Conversation". The paper critically evaluates these positions and considers explanations for the differences in male and female languages usage. In conclusion, the paper reviews possible strategies to decrease the confusion, frustration and hurt that is caused by men and women's contrasting speech styles.
From the Paper "A wide range of socio-linguistic research shows that men and women do use speech in different ways. Yet interpretations of these differences, and arguments concerning what causes them are complex and varied. The two main stances taken when analyzing gender and language are a Dominance approach or a Difference approach, with some linguists taking a position somewhere in between the two. This paper evaluates two studies that demonstrate a Difference and a Dominance approach and explores the different ways in which they analyze gender differences in speech."
Abstract This paper examines Christianity's attitude towards homosexuals in light of recent exposure of high-ranking church official's homosexual and pedophilia tendencies. It draws on many biblical sources in order to determine a stand to be taken amongst various Christian branches - Catholics, Presbyterians, Baptists and Mormons.
From the Paper "Christianity seeks to justify the marginalization of homosexuals by variously interpreting these passages. One must recognize that homosexuality, as a sexual proclivity, was acceptable in biblical times. While criminal by today's standards, in the Roman era, some men used younger boys for sexual gratification without the associated predatory, pederast behavior. The passages should be viewed within the social mores of the times. Biblical scholars also agree that the rigidity of interpretation of certain words: the etymology and relevance have changed, based on translation (Helminiak 85)."
