Abstract This paper details the social and political policies targeting German homosexuals, beginning with its early criminalization in Germanic provinces before unification, with the majority of the discussion centered on the treatment of homosexuals during Hitler's Third Reich. Included is discussion of Paragraph 175, Ernst Roehm's homosexuality, the 'Night of Long Knives', medical experimentation on homosexuals, and the imprisonment of gays in Nazi concentration camps.
From the Paper "It was Heinrich Himmler who would ultimately shape much of the Nazi's policy on dealing with the homosexual question. Himmler was the leader of the SS (Schutzstaffel), the elite guard of the Nazi party, and the chief architect of the concentration camp system begun in 1933 (Plant, 74). It was Himmler and Reinhard Heydrich who led Hitler to believe that a coup was being orchestrated by their rival Roehm, whose homosexuality Himmler abhorred. The result of this deception was the Night of the Long Knives in which Roehm and hundreds others connected to the SA were murdered in June of 1934 (Plant, 56). Himmler would later refer to the murder of Roehm as proof of the Nazi's willingness to rid Germany of homosexuals, "Two years ago...when it became necessary, we did not scruple to strike this plague with death, even within our own ranks" (Steakly)."
Abstract This paper discusses how the American Civil Rights Movement was primarily a nonviolent struggle by African-Americans to obtain full rights, protections and equality under the law. It looks at how, although in many aspects the Civil Rights Movement continues it struggle for equality today, it actually began with the start of the Civil War and really took off in the 1960s. It looks at how the Civil Rights Movement has seen many successes and failures including boycotts, sit-ins, ride-ins and victories in the Supreme Court and how it has been led by such leaders as W.E.B Dubois, Thurgood Marshall and Dr. Martin Luther Jr.
Outline:
Introduction
Civil Rights Movement Background
Civil Rights Movement Timeline (1865-1955)
The Aims of the Civil Rights Movement
Major Players and Their Role in the Movement
Successes and Failures of the Movement
Other Movements with Roots in the Sixties
Conclusion
From the Paper "After the Civil War, the 13th Amendment to the Constitution was passed in 1865. The 13th Amendment outlawed slavery. In 1868, the 14th Amendment was passed. This amendment made anyone born in the United States a naturalized citizen and afforded them equal protection under the law. The amendment however although providing equal protection to all citizens, created what is known as the separate by equal doctrine or better known as segregation. In 1870, the 15th Amendment was passed which provided voting rights to all citizens regardless of race. But with the passing of this amendment it, it did not remove literacy tests to qualify voters. This test was particularly used to eliminate black voters. "
Tags: Martin Luther King slavery 14th Amendment segregation DuBois Thurgood Marshall
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about whether or not parents influence their children's sexuality. The writer uses several sources to determine if a child's sexuality is influenced by parents or if the child is born predisposed. The paper examines how parents should approach the topic of sex with young children, and how to set guidelines for the future.
From the Paper "Our sexuality is an important part of who we are. As we grow and develop we discover what our sexuality is and how it benefits us throughout our lifetimes. The influence that parents have on their child's sexuality begins at a very young age. The types of play that we encourage as well as the types of toys that we provide all work to influence the child's sexuality. As the child matures we continue to have an impact by the guidance they are given. Young teens who experiment with flirting and physical affection are learning about their sexuality. How parents react to such exploration has a great influence on the continuing development of the sexuality components for the teen. Even as adults we continue to grow and develop our sexuality but it all begins as a baby."
Tags: sex, children, teens, maturity, behavior, preschool, communication, childcare, development
Abstract This essay examines erectile dysfunction and how it is a problem that greatly affects men and their sexual performance. This author discusses the problems and chemical and non-chemical cures associated with impotence, risk factors, and the psychological effects of erectile dysfunction. The paper includes several charts and diagrams of chemical compounds.
From the Paper "Erectile dysfunction is a problem that greatly affects men and their sexual performance. In fact, 34% of American men aged 51 to 88 experience severe erectile dysfunction and 52% of all men aged 40 to 70 experienced some degree of impotence. These numbers account for 16% of the general male population, estimating that 1 in 5 men will experience sexual dysfunction in their lifetimes, Handy. Erectile dysfunction occurs when there are erection problems, medical causes, or physiological factors associated with sexual intimacy. However, over the past several years, many pharmaceutical companies have developed both chemical products and non-chemical solutions to help fight this problem."
Tags: chemical, chemistry, penis, sex, sexuality, viagra, gender, sex
Abstract This paper looks at the controversial issue of the treatment of homosexuals in the workplace. The author discusses how in the male-dominated market there still remains an intense negativity towards gay employees. The paper explores how this discrimination not only affects the socio-economical problems for gay individuals, but affects the nation. The author discusses studies where the majority of gay or lesbian workers continue to remain silent in the workplace regarding their alternate sexual orientation for fear of job loss.
From the Paper "The last half of the twentieth century marked an era of worldwide progress and change unparalleled in the history of civilization. It was an era in which many long-standing barriers of social and economical segregation and stratification were battered down by the progressive and productive concepts of integration and assimilation. In the fifty years that encompassed this half-century of change, many traditional discriminations regarding race, gender and power were overcome and both sexual and ethnic minorities gained considerable ground in the areas of social and economical equality."
Abstract The paper defines the term pornography and how it differs from erotica and obscenity. It shows the obscure origins of pornography, the first historical evidence found on the walls in the ruins of Pompeii, and how pornography is viewed in today's society. Finally it touches on the effect of pornography on society.
From the Paper "The present attitude towards pornography in the United States (and the world) is sharply divided depending on one";s perspective. The traditional conservative versus liberal argument has become more complicated lately by the arguments (and influence) advanced by the feminists. Even the feminists themselves have starkly divergent views about the subject. For example, Nadine Strossen, the president of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and a feminist believes that restriction on pornography is not just a violation of the First Amendment but also ;anti-sex; "
Tags: Kama-Sutra, Ghazal, Marquis, de, Sade, feminist
Abstract The paper argues in depth why men and women had different reactions to the Holocaust and how both roles were changed forever. It describes the women's burden of being both Jewish and female, with its different emotional and psychological experience, the domestic changes with the emergence of working women and biological issues.
From the Paper "Treatment of Jews in Nazi Germany, during WWII, brought a whole new meaning to the phrase ?women and children first.? Traditionally this phrase implies that women and children are the first to be saved, but in Nazi concentration camps they were the first to perish. Due to a man's natural physical strength, his manpower could be utilized in slave labor camps. Although there were some female labor camps, women and young children were often deemed unfit for such a brutal assignment, and were therefore sent to be executed upon arrival at various concentration camps. Babies and pregnant women, once at camps such as Auschwitz, were automatically targeted for death. Women and children, who have traditionally been protected in times of war, were mercilessly forced into gas chambers after being separated from their husbands and fathers. They too were part of an ideological goal to exterminate races deemed unfit by the Nazi Reich."
Tags: camp, concentration, gender, germany, hitler, ii, jewish, jews, war, warsaw, world, wwii
Abstract The paper explains how the play and film of "M. Butterfly" both tell the same story in much the same way, but there are some details that are very different and the way elements are emphasized is different. It shows how both the play and the film raise the same essential question for the viewer, though, a question that was originally raised by the true story on which each is based: Given that the diplomat in the story has an affair for several years with a man dressed as a woman and claimed not to know that this was a man and not a woman, how is this possible?
From the Paper "The external world of the film is more realistic than the "suggested" world of the stage, and this also undercuts the way the play deals with the conflict between reality and illusion because it makes reality more real and the illusion more obviously an illusion. The way Hwang develops Song Liling contributes to the essential deconstruction of Madame Butterfly, for while Song Liling decries the story of the opera, he makes use of it to seduce Gallimard and plays the part of Cio-Cio San in their relationship. "
From the Paper "The issue to be discussed is whether or not homosexuals should be allowed to marry one another. The main reason why those in the gay community have called for the right to marry is usually not from a desire to be married as such but because of the desire for various social and economic benefits denied to gay people because they cannot marry. For some in the gay community, demands for gay marriage may in fact be a form of challenge to the "straight" community. For those who are truly serious about the issue, however, what is important is the attempt to secure for homosexual partners rights that are taken for granted by heterosexual married couples, such as the right to inheritance, to insurance benefits, for one partner to visit the other in a hospital, and so on. Society to date has deemed marriage to mean more than this and to have at least the..."
From the Paper "Michel Foucault, in The History of Sexuality, can definitely be considered a feminist, if one sees feminism as a search for truth about human nature, relationships, and the role and function of power in defining one's identity (including one's sexuality). Foucault argues that since the eighteenth century Western civilization has increasingly become obsessed with talking and thinking about sex as a subject, rather than partaking of "bodies and pleasures" (157). Feminism certainly posits that a woman to be authentically alive must overcome alienation from her body, whether that alienation is imposed upon her by an individual male or by "power" as it is exercised by the entire structure of society. This generalized sense of power is what Foucault posits as the controlling force behind the history of sexuality and the accompanying increase in public discourse ..."
Abstract This paper presents an examination of gay marriages. The writer explores the history of the topic and presents many perspectives on the issue. Cites case studies. It presents opinions by the Church, laws which control the practice and moral dilemnas. The writer also addresses recent developments regarding gay marriages and then concludes with suggestions for the future.
From the Paper "The current worldwide globalization process is teaching mankind tolerance. There is tolerance of the traditions, cultures and beliefs of others that have not been experienced before. This tolerance seems to have spurred tolerance in all areas of life where there was very little in the past. The tolerance of homosexual preferences is more accepted now than it has been since the inception of the nation."
Abstract Could the way we treat our children have an effect on how they think, look, and act? The paper brings in research in which psychologists analyze the behavior of infants to learn whether or not gender roles are created or stem from something biological. The writer looks at examples from items in any store that are geared towards boys and girls. The paper attempts to prove that we are possibly responsible for these stereotypes.
From the Paper "The reasoning for gender differences is not always clear. It may have been human nature to label infants in order to better interact with them. It might be a way of dividing society into groups. There does not seem to be one clear reason for the labelling, but one thing is certain, there is a division. We treat children differently depending on their sex. Boys engage in rough and tumble play while girls often mimic the actions of their mother in the home, like cooking and cleaning and looking after the baby. These examples are not always what happens, but are believed to be the norm. Boys follow the example set for them by their father and girls in turn follow the example set for them by their mother."
Tags: masculine, feminine, labelling, research, children
Abstract This research examines the subject of gay and lesbian marriages. The research sets forth a working definition of the subject and then makes a balanced presentation of the issue fronts involved in advocacy and opposition to it, with a view, however, toward demonstrating the basis for support for such marriages as a matter of sanctioned public policy.
From the Paper "Background for discourse of same-sex marriage can be dated from 1969, the year of the now-famous Stonewall riot in New York City, which fostered a generation of social activism and group advocacy on the part of homosexuals. Massachusetts U.S .Representative Barney Frank, a self-identified homosexual, has been quoted on the issue in this way: "I don't understand how it hurts anybody else if two people want to be legally . . . responsible for each other" (Pearcey & Colson, 1996, p. 104). Pearcey and Colson, who oppose homosexual marriage chiefly on religious grounds, note that private acceptance of homosexuals "is not the same thing as normalizing homosexuality by granting homosexuals a legal right to the public institution of marriage" (p. 104). Arguments for and against same-sex marriage made on religious grounds alone appear to be irreconcilable."
Abstract There are differences between aggression in men and women, which may have a biological basis, but are also tempered by psychological parameters and socialization issues. The paper shows that in animals, aggression is usually studied in terms of behavior alone, but in humans aggression encompasses the intention to harm another person, some form of behavior carried out as a result of this intention, and an emotion which can be anything from mere irritation to outright rage. While there are no clear statistics available, males usually tend to be more aggressive than females in terms of physical and verbal aggression. The paper shows that a still unanswered question is how much of this difference is biological and how much is psychological. Differences are not only found between genders, but also with age and education (aggression decreasing with increasing age and education level), and between different ethnic groups.
From the Paper "While biological theories propose that there is a chemical basis for the differences in aggressiveness between males and females, psychological theories propose that aggressiveness is a learned response rather than an innate one. Although genetic makeup may give someone a propensity for aggressive tendencies, these tendencies can be positively or negatively affected by socialization and environmental influences (Colt and Kuehn, 1998). It has been shown by many studies that females exhibit less physical aggression than males from infancy onward (Fishbein, 1992). They are less inclined to explore and engage in less rough and tumble play than boys do. Females are raised differently than males, and this is in part responsible for suppressing aggressive tendencies in females."
Abstract Because it is a difficult topic to discuss, most business managers are ill equipped to handle employee matters involving sexual harassment. The paper first defines sexual harassment in the workplace. It then looks at how a manager can determine what constitutes sexually harassing behaviors in the workplace and what it does not constitute. The paper then discusses what a manager can do to prevent sexual harassment (zero tolerance, educating the employees, etc.) and looks at the common pitfalls to show why the problem is still so prevalent.
From the Paper "Quid pro quo (Latin phrase meaning "this for that") sexual harassment occurs when a supervisor, manager or someone with power to affect an employee's work-related benefits or opportunities request sexual favors in exchange for work-related benefits. Actions considered to be quid pro quo when given as a reward for sexual activity include: promotions, good performance rating, raise or other monetary compensation, training, continued employment or preferred work schedules. Quid pro quo is considered to be the most offensive form of sexual harassment in the work place because it involves a manager using power to solicit sexual favors from an employee. It is imperative that business managers understand what quid pro quo is and that they avoid any behaviors that might be construed as quid pro quo harassment."
Tags: Civil, Rights, Equal, Employment, Opportunity, EEOC, Human, Rights
