Abstract This paper discusses the concept of gender in relation to leadership as it corresponds to conflict resolution. The paper explores the history of female leadership in corporate America, as well as directly discuss a study that was developed regarding women, men, and conflict management. As discussed in the paper, the results of the study demonstrate that no significant differences exist between the managerial styles of men and women, and that their abilities to handle conflict in the work place are dependent on training and experience, not gender.
From the Paper "The general consensus within business appears to be that males and females varying both in their leadership skills and in their abilities to resolve issues of conflict in the work place. Some have contended that the male gender has a tendency to possess a logical and neutral approach to conflicts, while women have been said to be more emotional regarding conflict issues. However, it is contended that the research will demonstrate a much more even pattern of leadership skills relating to conflict by men and women. Furthermore, in today's work force males and females in supervisory roles are trained as leaders in the same programs within companies, in colleges, and in independent vocational facilities."
Abstract This essay looks at the discrimination of women in the workplace. It discusses the ways in which gender discrimination is manifested and the reasons why it is still persistent in our society today. Although the status of women in the labor force as well as in society in general has considerably improved in the last hundred years there is still a bias present. The paper presents articles that argue that women are still fighting for equity in pay and are more likely to suffer poverty due to discrimination in the workplace.
Abstract This paper reviews the social structures that shape gender in our society, based in some part upon biological determinants, and the degree to which gender is socially constructed possesses striking levels of convergence with inequalities with respect to class and race as well. This essay examines the social structuring of inequality in respect to gender, race and inequality in order to highlight both the social determinants of gender stratification and how this has converged with inequalities of race and class over time.
Abstract This paper discusses the women of China and the progress they've achieved over the last hundred years. The paper reviews how at the beginning of the 20th century, women throughout China, regardless of class or level of prestige, were subject to a number of traditional practices that gave them little or no freedom. Some of these traditional practices, such as foot binding, often resulted in terrible mutilations. Despite this, Chinese history does contain some notable female figures of prestige, and modern women have many of the same rights as their male counterparts.
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at views of radical feminists who believe that gender is the focus in order to end women's oppression. The writer suggests that focusing on the body as a site of the oppression of women would be more effective. Further the writer describes that a different approach was taken by other radical feminists to focus on the body as the site of women's oppression.
From the Paper "Radical feminism has focused on gender as the site where the struggle to end women's oppression needed to begin. However, this can be made more specific and more effective by focusing on the body as a site of women's oppression. Since sex oppression is the basic form of oppression, it appeared logical to focus on the biological origins of that oppression in order to identify and explain its ultimate source."
Abstract The paper describes how homosexual-parent families are very much a part of society. The writer argues that there are many misconceptions about these families, but through examining professional literature and looking at the facts, those misconceptions are debunked. The writer proposes that gay and lesbian parents are no different from heterosexual parents in their commitment and ability to raise healthy, well-adjusted children. The writer concludes that accepting the presence of gay and lesbian parents and providing them with the rights and support they need will be a big step towards improving the well-being of these parents and the children that they raise.
From the Paper "The American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association does not recognize homosexuality as a mental disorder, and urge all mental health professionals to counter "the stigma of mental illness that had long been associated with homosexual orientation" (American Psychological Association 2005). Likewise, it has not been shown that gays become bad parents due to a lack of parenting skills or a lack of time. Because gender roles are not clear-cut in homosexual relationships, gays and lesbians are actually able to divide household and family labor relatively evenly, and report higher levels of domestic satisfaction (Johnson and O'Connor 2002)."
Abstract Dove's controversial advertisements for "Real Beauty" have set a new standard for beauty, or have they? This paper discusses the pros and cons of these controversial ads. It is a critical analysis of what message these ads are trying to send and who their target market is.
From the Paper "Beauty is that which gives one a sense of pleasure, but everyone finds pleasure in different things. Therefore beauty is subjective. Yet some groups of people try to make others believe that their own personal definition of beauty is or should be a universal truth. Supermodels, clothing brands, celebrities, fashion critics and beauty brands have all been part of it. Once in a while something, like Dove's Campaign for Real Beauty, pops up trying to redefine stereotypical beauty only by establishing a new one."
Abstract This paper discusses the need for the decriminalization or legalization of prostitution in the United States for the benefit of both sex workers and average citizens. It provides an analysis of legal prostitution as compared to illegal prostitution and the concept of privacy rights in regards to the sale of one's own body. It also discusses the impact of religion on the legislative process.
From the Paper "The issue of prostitution in the United States is one that has been constantly debated throughout the years. Those who wish prostitution to remain illegal claim that prostitution is harmful to society both morally and physically. Supporters of decriminalization and legalization, on the other hand, feel that prostitution is a harmless private act or a "victimless crime." While matters of sexuality will always be debated and are deep personal choices of all individuals, the benefits of doing away with the archaic prohibition of "the world's oldest profession" are clear. When one analyzes the issue from a moral standpoint, the argument comes down to the common goal of any system of ethics, which is a society in which individuals do the greatest good for themselves and others in any manner of their choosing so long as they do not harm any others. One must ask then, which system provides the greatest good while doing the least harm? The system of prohibition in which a holier-than-thou attitude creates second-class citizens, ignores the problems of prostitution altogether (until said problems affect "normal" citizens), and denies individuals a way to earn a living, or the system of legalization which gives dignity to sex workers, gives them freedom and resources to practice their business in the safest and healthiest ways possible, and participate in a tradition that has been practiced in private since the earliest times of civilization? Clearly, the legalization of prostitution would be an action of great moral value in that it would provide sex workers with the freedom to control their own bodies, achieve legal equality with the rest of society, access healthcare and legal services as a normal American citizen, and receive the same acceptance of any other human being in functioning society."
Abstract In this paper, the writer notes that although there have been many changes made in the last 10 years, same-sex adoption is still a major controversy issue in today's society. The writer uses relevant literature to demonstrate statistics regarding same-sex adoption. The writer maintains that many people believe that same-sex adoption is immoral and unethical. On the other hand, many people believe that same-sex adoption is acceptable, because they believe that the welfare of the child is more important than the gender of the child. The writer concludes that as long as the child is properly cared for mentally, physically and emotionally, the gender of the child should not be an issue.
From the Paper "Although the percentage rate of same-sex adoption has approved 64 % in the last 4 years, it is still a major issue in today's society. Some people believe that same-sex adoption is wrong, simply because the union itself is non-traditional. Therefore adoption is unethical. Others believe that same-sex adoption is acceptable, because they believe that the child should be raised with two parents that love him or her, regardless of the parent's gender. As long as the child is being cared for properly, in all aspects, mentally, physically, and emotionally there should not be any dispute of the parent's gender."
Abstract This paper explains that, when it became both immoral and illegal, sexual harassment in the workplace developed into an increasingly important issue because such behavior can lead to serious repercussions for the individuals directly involved, the workplace and the company itself. The author points out that the problem of ethics in business has been wrongly approached from a masculine point of view, focusing on individuals and duties, when instead it should be regarded from a feminist corporate governance point of view, focusing on the relationships between workers and employers. The paper concludes that neither persons, rules nor ethics can solve all the problems of sexual harassment in the workplace, but the best measures are to avoid difficulties and, when they cannot be avoided, to solve them fairly and in accordance with morality and integrity.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Ethical problem
Effects on the Individuals
Effects on the Environment
Effects on the Company
Solving the Problem by Applying the Theories of Ethics
The Extent to Which the Theories of Ethics Can Solve the Problem
Example
Conclusion
From the Paper "Another measure that needs to be implemented in order for the feminist corporate governance to rightly function is the training of employees. Male employees have to be assured that working under the direct supervision of a female is not the least bit shameful, but a challenging proof of maturity and professionalism. By working under the advice and feminist corporate governance of a woman, female workers would feel better understood and motivated to achieve higher goals themselves."
Abstract The paper investigates the differences between men and women as it relates to sexual harassment. The literature indicates that there are definite differences related to the reporting of sexual harassment as it relates to men and women. The literature suggests that the perceptions of gender roles play a major part in determining whether or not victims (male or female) report sexual harassment. The paper examines how women who report harassment are often viewed as troublemakers and men who report harassment are viewed as effeminate.
Outline:
Chapter I: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Uniqueness of Study
Delimitations of the study
Chapter II: Literature Review
History and Definition of Sexual Harassment
Reporting Sexual Harassment
Differences In Men And Women Reporting Sexual Harassment
Chapter III: Theoretical Framework
Chapter IV: Methodology
Chapter V: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
References
From the Paper "Sexual Harassment has long been associated with poor work performance and poor academic performance. The impact that sexual harassment has on its victims can be monumental. This is why reporting sexual harassment is so important. Over the years there has been a great deal of research conducted related to the factors that influence a person's decision to report sexual harassment. Most of this existing literature is related specifically to the factors that influence a women's decision to report sexual harassment. However in recent years there has been an increase in the number of men that report sexual harassment."
Abstract This paper analyzes Beth Loffreda's book, "Losing Matt Shepard". The paper discusses the media's role in the prejudiced feelings toward Matt Shepard, a gay student, following his murder. It then discusses how people across America responded to his murder and how the media's publicity of the murder contributed to this response. The paper briefly discusses gay rights at the time of the incident, in 1988 in the United States.
From the Paper "Uncovers how the residents of Laramie responded when Matt Shepard, a young gay student at the University of Wyoming, was brutally beaten and left to die by the side of the road in the fall of 1988. Loffreda's project investigates the media's manipulative role in publicizing the murder and how intense scrutiny transforms a usually quaint, subdued community into a hate crime capital. Eschewing the stereotypes and platitudes fed us by the media, Beth Loffreda interviews a wide range of the so-called ordinary people in Laramie and uncovers a wide array of complexities and prejudices."
Abstract This paper attempts to assess whether the American people are ready for a woman president. The paper looks at examples of women who have been in high positions of power and analyzes their levels of responsibility and success. The paper then discusses mood disorders and communications issues and how these may affect a woman's leadership capabilities. The author of the paper comes to the conclusion that women are meant to guide, but not lead a country.
From the Paper "In the past 100 years, women have proven time and time again their ability to prevail in situations, careers, and controversies that, before the beginning of the female revolution, were never given the slightest thought. However, the doors women have forced open thus far can not compare to the door women are currently knocking on today: the role of a female President. Although there have been many female leaders in the political field, the results of many studies show that women are not adequately prepared to handle the office of the President of the United States of America, biologically, emotionally, physically, or mentally."
Abstract This paper argues that the US should legalize same-sex marriages. The paper looks at both sides of the contentious debate over same-sex marriages and points out that much of the opposition to same-sex marriages is based on religious dogma and tradition. The paper then argues that all individuals in the United States deserve the same rights and to achieve these rights, legislations should move away from being heavily influenced by religious dogma. The paper further contends that by denying this fundamental right, the US is moving backwards with respect to human rights and personal freedoms and liberties.
From the Paper "Same-sex marriage has been called a lot of different things. Most predominantly, the media in the United States has called it gay marriage. The use of such terminology provides a good starting point for an analysis of the topic of same-sex marriage. The term "gay" is used to refer to homosexual men. However, the word 'gay' has many greater connotations within American society. Gay is used as a common slag word to imply that something is stupid, worthless, unmanly, or useless. For many Americans, the word brings of connotations of the grotesque, and of the unknown. Often these connotations of the grotesque are born not out of personal experience with other gay men, but of mental imagery, fear of the unknown, ignorance and homophobia (Saunders, 1994). Thus, the media's use of the word gay in describing same-sex marriages places a connotation on the phrase before any other details of the issue are described. "
Abstract The paper discusses the reasons put forth to explain why boys underachieve in school. The paper specifically looks at the following explanations: the feminising of the curriculum, the low expectations boys have of themselves, the crisis of masculinity, and the Marxist theory, which sees the education system as repressing working class children. The paper concludes with the opinion that it not gender that is the main factor for boys' underachievement, but class. An annotated bibliography is included with the paper.
From the Paper "In the academic year 2004/05, 62 per cent of girls achieved five or more GCSE grades A* to C, compared to only 52 per cent of boys. Many people would suggest that this sort of data represents the crisis that is 'male underachievement'. Male underachievement is the failure of boys to do as well in the education system as their female counterparts. And yet the 'crisis' only a few decades ago was that of female underachievement. So what has happened to account for this shift in achievement?"
