Abstract In this article, the writer looks at views of radical feminists who believe that gender is the focus in order to end women's oppression. The writer suggests that focusing on the body as a site of the oppression of women would be more effective. Further the writer describes that a different approach was taken by other radical feminists to focus on the body as the site of women's oppression.
From the Paper "Radical feminism has focused on gender as the site where the struggle to end women's oppression needed to begin. However, this can be made more specific and more effective by focusing on the body as a site of women's oppression. Since sex oppression is the basic form of oppression, it appeared logical to focus on the biological origins of that oppression in order to identify and explain its ultimate source."
Abstract The paper describes how homosexual-parent families are very much a part of society. The writer argues that there are many misconceptions about these families, but through examining professional literature and looking at the facts, those misconceptions are debunked. The writer proposes that gay and lesbian parents are no different from heterosexual parents in their commitment and ability to raise healthy, well-adjusted children. The writer concludes that accepting the presence of gay and lesbian parents and providing them with the rights and support they need will be a big step towards improving the well-being of these parents and the children that they raise.
From the Paper "The American Psychological Association and the American Psychiatric Association does not recognize homosexuality as a mental disorder, and urge all mental health professionals to counter "the stigma of mental illness that had long been associated with homosexual orientation" (American Psychological Association 2005). Likewise, it has not been shown that gays become bad parents due to a lack of parenting skills or a lack of time. Because gender roles are not clear-cut in homosexual relationships, gays and lesbians are actually able to divide household and family labor relatively evenly, and report higher levels of domestic satisfaction (Johnson and O'Connor 2002)."
Abstract Dove's controversial advertisements for "Real Beauty" have set a new standard for beauty, or have they? This paper discusses the pros and cons of these controversial ads. It is a critical analysis of what message these ads are trying to send and who their target market is.
From the Paper "Beauty is that which gives one a sense of pleasure, but everyone finds pleasure in different things. Therefore beauty is subjective. Yet some groups of people try to make others believe that their own personal definition of beauty is or should be a universal truth. Supermodels, clothing brands, celebrities, fashion critics and beauty brands have all been part of it. Once in a while something, like Dove's Campaign for Real Beauty, pops up trying to redefine stereotypical beauty only by establishing a new one."
Abstract In this paper, the writer notes that although there have been many changes made in the last 10 years, same-sex adoption is still a major controversy issue in today's society. The writer uses relevant literature to demonstrate statistics regarding same-sex adoption. The writer maintains that many people believe that same-sex adoption is immoral and unethical. On the other hand, many people believe that same-sex adoption is acceptable, because they believe that the welfare of the child is more important than the gender of the child. The writer concludes that as long as the child is properly cared for mentally, physically and emotionally, the gender of the child should not be an issue.
From the Paper "Although the percentage rate of same-sex adoption has approved 64 % in the last 4 years, it is still a major issue in today's society. Some people believe that same-sex adoption is wrong, simply because the union itself is non-traditional. Therefore adoption is unethical. Others believe that same-sex adoption is acceptable, because they believe that the child should be raised with two parents that love him or her, regardless of the parent's gender. As long as the child is being cared for properly, in all aspects, mentally, physically, and emotionally there should not be any dispute of the parent's gender."
Abstract This paper explains that, when it became both immoral and illegal, sexual harassment in the workplace developed into an increasingly important issue because such behavior can lead to serious repercussions for the individuals directly involved, the workplace and the company itself. The author points out that the problem of ethics in business has been wrongly approached from a masculine point of view, focusing on individuals and duties, when instead it should be regarded from a feminist corporate governance point of view, focusing on the relationships between workers and employers. The paper concludes that neither persons, rules nor ethics can solve all the problems of sexual harassment in the workplace, but the best measures are to avoid difficulties and, when they cannot be avoided, to solve them fairly and in accordance with morality and integrity.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Ethical problem
Effects on the Individuals
Effects on the Environment
Effects on the Company
Solving the Problem by Applying the Theories of Ethics
The Extent to Which the Theories of Ethics Can Solve the Problem
Example
Conclusion
From the Paper "Another measure that needs to be implemented in order for the feminist corporate governance to rightly function is the training of employees. Male employees have to be assured that working under the direct supervision of a female is not the least bit shameful, but a challenging proof of maturity and professionalism. By working under the advice and feminist corporate governance of a woman, female workers would feel better understood and motivated to achieve higher goals themselves."
Abstract The paper investigates the differences between men and women as it relates to sexual harassment. The literature indicates that there are definite differences related to the reporting of sexual harassment as it relates to men and women. The literature suggests that the perceptions of gender roles play a major part in determining whether or not victims (male or female) report sexual harassment. The paper examines how women who report harassment are often viewed as troublemakers and men who report harassment are viewed as effeminate.
Outline:
Chapter I: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions
Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Uniqueness of Study
Delimitations of the study
Chapter II: Literature Review
History and Definition of Sexual Harassment
Reporting Sexual Harassment
Differences In Men And Women Reporting Sexual Harassment
Chapter III: Theoretical Framework
Chapter IV: Methodology
Chapter V: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
References
From the Paper "Sexual Harassment has long been associated with poor work performance and poor academic performance. The impact that sexual harassment has on its victims can be monumental. This is why reporting sexual harassment is so important. Over the years there has been a great deal of research conducted related to the factors that influence a person's decision to report sexual harassment. Most of this existing literature is related specifically to the factors that influence a women's decision to report sexual harassment. However in recent years there has been an increase in the number of men that report sexual harassment."
Abstract This paper analyzes Beth Loffreda's book, "Losing Matt Shepard". The paper discusses the media's role in the prejudiced feelings toward Matt Shepard, a gay student, following his murder. It then discusses how people across America responded to his murder and how the media's publicity of the murder contributed to this response. The paper briefly discusses gay rights at the time of the incident, in 1988 in the United States.
From the Paper "Uncovers how the residents of Laramie responded when Matt Shepard, a young gay student at the University of Wyoming, was brutally beaten and left to die by the side of the road in the fall of 1988. Loffreda's project investigates the media's manipulative role in publicizing the murder and how intense scrutiny transforms a usually quaint, subdued community into a hate crime capital. Eschewing the stereotypes and platitudes fed us by the media, Beth Loffreda interviews a wide range of the so-called ordinary people in Laramie and uncovers a wide array of complexities and prejudices."
Abstract This paper attempts to assess whether the American people are ready for a woman president. The paper looks at examples of women who have been in high positions of power and analyzes their levels of responsibility and success. The paper then discusses mood disorders and communications issues and how these may affect a woman's leadership capabilities. The author of the paper comes to the conclusion that women are meant to guide, but not lead a country.
From the Paper "In the past 100 years, women have proven time and time again their ability to prevail in situations, careers, and controversies that, before the beginning of the female revolution, were never given the slightest thought. However, the doors women have forced open thus far can not compare to the door women are currently knocking on today: the role of a female President. Although there have been many female leaders in the political field, the results of many studies show that women are not adequately prepared to handle the office of the President of the United States of America, biologically, emotionally, physically, or mentally."
Abstract This paper argues that the US should legalize same-sex marriages. The paper looks at both sides of the contentious debate over same-sex marriages and points out that much of the opposition to same-sex marriages is based on religious dogma and tradition. The paper then argues that all individuals in the United States deserve the same rights and to achieve these rights, legislations should move away from being heavily influenced by religious dogma. The paper further contends that by denying this fundamental right, the US is moving backwards with respect to human rights and personal freedoms and liberties.
From the Paper "Same-sex marriage has been called a lot of different things. Most predominantly, the media in the United States has called it gay marriage. The use of such terminology provides a good starting point for an analysis of the topic of same-sex marriage. The term "gay" is used to refer to homosexual men. However, the word 'gay' has many greater connotations within American society. Gay is used as a common slag word to imply that something is stupid, worthless, unmanly, or useless. For many Americans, the word brings of connotations of the grotesque, and of the unknown. Often these connotations of the grotesque are born not out of personal experience with other gay men, but of mental imagery, fear of the unknown, ignorance and homophobia (Saunders, 1994). Thus, the media's use of the word gay in describing same-sex marriages places a connotation on the phrase before any other details of the issue are described. "
Abstract The paper discusses the reasons put forth to explain why boys underachieve in school. The paper specifically looks at the following explanations: the feminising of the curriculum, the low expectations boys have of themselves, the crisis of masculinity, and the Marxist theory, which sees the education system as repressing working class children. The paper concludes with the opinion that it not gender that is the main factor for boys' underachievement, but class. An annotated bibliography is included with the paper.
From the Paper "In the academic year 2004/05, 62 per cent of girls achieved five or more GCSE grades A* to C, compared to only 52 per cent of boys. Many people would suggest that this sort of data represents the crisis that is 'male underachievement'. Male underachievement is the failure of boys to do as well in the education system as their female counterparts. And yet the 'crisis' only a few decades ago was that of female underachievement. So what has happened to account for this shift in achievement?"
Abstract This paper presents an overview of how transvestites are treated in America today, emphasizing their experiences with hate and discrimination, written in the first person.
From the Paper "They are called transvestites, and sell themselves on the streets in search of money and a future. In Salvador, Brazil, for example, there are almost two hundred transsexual prostitutes on the streets. (Kulick 5) They often live in humble one-room apartments, sharing broken down houses with other transsexual prostitutes. They support themselves mostly by prostitution, dressing as women and taking on female names, hairstyles, clothes, and even hormones."
Abstract This is an opinion paper about the Southern Baptist Convention's stance on gays and lesbians in church. The author looks at the rhetoric used by both sides of the issue and examines the truth behind the rhetoric.
From the Paper "The worst part about this public condemnation and mud-slinging campaign is that Christianity is being portrayed to the world as a religion lacking compassion, love, and forgiveness despite the fact that Christianity is built on these principles. Not only does it negatively affect the feelings of non-Christians, but the problems appear in the church as well. The disparity between the teachings of Christ and the teachings of certain political leaders is certain to cause a great feeling of distress in the lives of the majority of moderate Christians. For the confused Christian seeking answers to the riddle of God's message about homosexuality, Anthony Vaselek confers useful advice : "God Himself does not force us to love Him, nor obey Him. What right do we have to do that which God Himself won't do? Love encompasses free will, the giving of love promotes Christ" (Vaselek par. 5)."
Abstract This essay examines the various psychological, sociological and evolutionary origin theories and the related ethnographic/ historical observations presented by several anthropologists and one psychiatrist, Sigmund Freud. It also discusses the functions which the incest taboos serve, their apparent universality and their influences on social structure.
From the Paper "Sigmund Freud tried to account for the incest taboo in his psychoanalytic theory of the unconscious. According to him, the son desires the mother creating a rivalry with the father. he must suppress these feelings or earn the wrath of his father who is more powerful than him. The Electra complex places the daughter in rivalry with her mother. Freud's theory can be viewed as an elaboration of the reasons for a deep seated aversion to sexual relations within the family."
Abstract This paper looks at the roots of homophobia. The author provides a definition of homophobia and explains the way it is perceived today. Included are examples and case studies.The author attempts to explain how homophobia relates to today's society and draws upon the human subconscious as a source.
From the Paper "Imagine your best friend; now imagine your lifetime happiness with this person. You have had a wonderful time in life. You were born next to this person and your parents have remained friends. You could not picture your life without your best friend at your side. After going through elementary school, junior high school, and high school you both are now in college as roommates. One day you are watching TV and your best friend tells you something you would have never expected? He is gay. How do you deal with this? Is your best friend going to continue to be your best friend, or will he now be your enemy?"
Abstract This paper critiques Laud Humphrey's "Tearoom Trade " book. The author finds fault with the book -- most noticeably in the form of sampling methods.
From the Paper " Laud Humphreys' book Tearoom Trade: Impersonal Sex in Public Places examines the homosexual acts between strangers meeting in public restrooms in parks, called tearooms by those who use them for this purpose. Typically, the tearoom encounter involved three people: the two men actually engaged in the homosexual act and a lookout or watchqueen. Humphreys? work focuses on the social organization of same-sex sexual encounters in public places. He found a collective action in tearooms, a silence of interaction and a ritual of non-coerciveness and non-commitment. This collective action includes flexible roles and rules like a game. Collective actions include: positioning, signaling, contracting, foreplay, and payoff. Tearoom Trade . . . also reveals that 54 percent of the men involved were married and 42 percent were Catholic, while 32 percent were politically and socially conservative. Humphreys declares that closeted men hid behind a moral shield and created a self that was presentable and respectable. The book reveals that a thrill was gained from risky, public sex. Humphreys? work raised questions of social control of sex behavior and policy. Police were often harassers out to destroy these men's reputations."
