From the Paper
"M. Butterfly is a memory play in which author David Henry Hwang smoothly switches time and place throughout the play in order to reveal a story that is already known to the narrator and central character, Rene Gallimard. The play is constructed as an "evening" in the theater in which the speaker will take the viewers over his story until his "ideal audience" will come to envy him because he has been loved by "the Perfect Woman" (1936). Hwang (and Gallimard) assume that the audience is already somewhat familiar with the outlines of the story. Yet, just in case anyone is not clear on it, a certain amount of suspense is built in to the play. The opening conversations of the people at a party do not specifically state the case. Their remarks could be understood by anyone who knew the story and would offer hints to those who did not. But the gradual revelation of Song Li's..."

From the Paper
"Sexual Harassment in the Workplace

How do people determine if they are victims of sexual harassment at their places of work? For more than a century, cases of supervisory and management personnel intimidating and abusing members of the opposite sex for the single reason that the underlings are members of the opposite gender have been documented. Sexual harassment is widespread in the United States. The targets are usually female in subordinate positions to a male authority. Sexual harassment occurs for several reasons: the definition of sexual harassment is poorly understood and constantly changing; men and women tend to perceive situations from different perspectives; and men knowingly or unknowingly may try to intimidate women in order to force them away from male-dominated domains so that the men can ..."

From the Paper
"The purpose of this review of literature is to examine factors that contribute to the under-achievement of girls in mathematics and projects and programs which have been used to remediate the situation. The review begins with a brief description of the problem, and ends with the formulation of conclusions regarding factors producing the problem and interventions that will reduce and or eradicate the problem.

Description of the Problem
In general, at both elementary and high school levels, boys tend to have higher achievement levels in mathematics than do girls; moreover, girls tend to have significantly more negative attitudes toward mathematics than boys (Froebe, 1996). In ..."

From the Paper
"INEQUALITIES IN THE WORK PLACE

Introduction

This research examines the issue of inequalities in the work place in the United States. In this examination, inequalities are considered within the contexts of (1) the "glass ceiling," (2) sexual harassment, (3) white-collar vs. blue-collar, and (4) discrimination on the basis of race and ethnicity."

Abstract
Elliott J. Gorn and Warren Goldstein, in A Brief History of American Sports, explore not only the historical evolution of sports from the colonial days through the early 1990s, but just as importantly "the entanglements of sports with life, and of how confused the real accomplishments of players on the field become with American culture's giddy dreams" (xii).

From the Paper
"Elliott J. Gorn and Warren Goldstein, in A Brief History of American Sports, explore not only the historical evolution of sports from the colonial days through the early 1990s, but just as importantly "the entanglements of sports with life, and of how confused the real accomplishments of players on the field become with American culture's giddy dreams" (xii). The underlying argument of the book is that sports have come to represent the American Dream itself, in terms of both that Dream's promises and its deceptions. This study will provide a brief overview of the book and will then focus on American sports as they relate to gender.

Although the book is thoroughly documented and deals in some detail with American sports history, it "is by no means a comprehensive survey" of that history, but focuses instead on the ..."

Abstract
"Research on gender differences in academic achievement offers educators information on implications and guidance on specific directions to take. In mathematics and science in particular, gender differences are well documented and reveal certain stereotypes perpetuated by society, school, and family (Manning, 1998, p. 68).

From the Paper
"Research on gender differences in academic achievement offers educators information on implications and guidance on specific directions to take. In mathematics and science in particular, gender differences are well documented and reveal certain stereotypes perpetuated by society, school, and family (Manning, 1998, p. 68). This paper will look at gender differences in school achievement and how educational reforms could encourage girls in their performance in mathematics and science and thus open up more career opportunities for them.

Reviewers have consistently concluded that males perform better on mathematics tests than females do (Hyde, Fennema & Lamon, 1990). The authors performed a meta-analysis of 100 studies which represented the testing of 3,175,188 subjects (p. 139). An examination of age trends indicated that girls showed a ..."

Abstract
More people seem to agree with the ideas that women and men should have equal opportunities, and equal pay for equal work, than agree with some of the more radical ideas of the women's movement.

From the Paper
"Gender Inequality
Introduction
More people seem to agree with the ideas that women and men should have equal opportunities, and equal pay for equal work, than agree with some of the more radical ideas of the women's movement. Still, it is difficult to determine what comprises equal opportunity, as is apparent from many of the controversies surrounding the implementation of Title IX in college sports. Is gender equality primarily about equal numbers? What does gender equality look like, or has it been accomplished in this country or elsewhere in the world?"

Gender Equality/Inequality

One of the first tasks is to define the concept of gender

From the Paper
"PEER-TO-PEER SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Sexual harassment can undermine the effectiveness of school systems. This is a problem that administrators must take seriously. The best way to prevent violence in the school is to teach children how to resolve conflicts and express anger. This requires changing their beliefs, attitudes and behaviors.

According to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), sexual harassment is a form of sexual discrimination that violates Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (OEEO, 1992, p. 1). Additionally, "victims of sexual harassment and other forms of sex discrimination in schools may sue for monetary damages" under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, which "prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender in schools and colleges that receive federal funding" (Lumsden, 1992, ..."

From the Paper
"Women in Iran have unequal status with men. This status is supported by the Koran, the sacred book of Islam. Conservative clerics, who dictate the laws of Iran, vehemently oppose any struggle for women's rights. The political regime has grown even more repressive since the overthrow of the Shah in 1979.

The Shah of Iran was ousted from power by a wave of Islam fundamentalism in which women participated. Women are allowed to vote in Iran and are adept at political protest. Subsequently, they marched in mass demonstrations against the Shah. During these marches, Iranian women wore their veils proudly to demonstrate support for traditional values: "It may be that the veil was seen by women as a symbol of solidarity which was to be discarded or worn at will after the fall of the Shah" (Lindsey 151). The Ayatollah Khomeini welcomed the support of the women ..."

Abstract
According to Sue, Sue and Sue (1994), the traditional psychoanalytic and psychological perspective of sadism defines it as a discrete sexual disorder in which erotic or sexual gratification is obtained from inflicting pain or punishment. Similarly, masochism is defined as a discrete disorder in which erotic or sexual gratification is obtained by receiving pain or punishment (Sue, Sue & Sue, 1994

From the Paper
"SADISTIC AND MASOCHISTIC BEHAVIORS IN INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS

Introduction
According to Sue, Sue and Sue (1994), the traditional psychoanalytic and psychological perspective of sadism defines it as a discrete sexual disorder in which erotic or sexual gratification is obtained from inflicting pain or punishment. Similarly, masochism is defined as a discrete disorder in which erotic or sexual gratification is obtained by receiving pain or punishment (Sue, Sue & Sue, 1994).

However, as Sue, Sue and Sue (1994) also point out, current thinking on sadomasochism (S-M) tends to view the behaviors as arising from urges and impulses associated with giving and receiving pain that exist along a continuum with the full-blow disorders occupying only one end of the continuum. Thus, in any ..."

Abstract
Masters' and Johnson's Human Sexual Response is a report on the authors' long-term study of the anatomy and physiology of human sexual response conducted during the years 1954-66. The authors' preface briefly addresses the climate of fear and suspicion that had surrounded all previous attempts at such investigation and deplores the lack of a supportive response from the biological or psychological science communities for projects of this type.

From the Paper
"Masters' and Johnson's Human Sexual Response is a report on the authors' long-term study of the anatomy and physiology of human sexual response conducted during the years 1954-66. The authors' preface briefly addresses the climate of fear and suspicion that had surrounded all previous attempts at such investigation and deplores the lack of a supportive response from the biological or psychological science communities for projects of this type. Their study, limited in this volume to the clinical examination of the nature of sexual response, is presented as "a first step toward an open-door policy" and future research based in "investigative objectivity" (vii). It follows from the initial investigations of sexual behavior conducted by Kinsey from 1938 to 1952 which, as the authors note, did include questions of physiology and anatomy. In order to achieve ..."

From the Paper
" Sexuality in advertising serves several purposes. The prevalent view is that sex itself is appealing, so it gets people to pay attention to the advertising message surrounding it. There is also a shock value that has become more and more important to some advertisers for the same reason--to get the attention of the consumer. American advertisers know that sex sells products and they use sex in ways both overt and subtle, depending on the product and the campaign.


Much of our culture is based on physical attractiveness and its power to persuade, to attract, to influence, and, in a real sense, to succeed. Sex is used in advertising as an expression of physical attractiveness. Our advertising media clearly believe in the power of physical attractiveness to persuade, and spokespersons for products and other people used in television..."

From the Paper
"This research will examine the ability of Marxian and Weberian conceptions of class to explain patterns of socioeconomic stratification in the U.S., with reference to the roles and interplay of race, ethnicity, and gender in shaping patterns of class stratification in the U.S. The research will set forth the conceptions of class held by Marx and Weber, respectively, and then discuss how each theorist's view of class accounts for social and economic divisions within the American social structure.


Marxian ideology holds that throughout history there has been a constant struggle, manifested in interclass struggle, between individual experience and social structures that shape that experience: "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles" (Marx, Manifesto 50). The ..."

Abstract
A legal analysis of harrassment as sex discrimination.

From the Paper
"Sexual harassment and sexual discrimination in the workplace has always been a problem and has always been of great Importance, but the public's awareness of the issue has not always been high. This changed radically with the Clarence Thomas confirmation hearings in 1991 and with the accusations of sexual harassment leveled against him by Anita Hill. This event more than any other raised sexual harassment to a high position in the public consciousness and made it clear that such activities were degrading to women, harmful to the work environment, and detrimental to public policy. The fact that this problem had been underground for so long also showed that more knowledge of the subject was needed and perhaps that legislation was required to assure a harassment-free workplace in the future."

From the Paper
"Introduction
Until recently, ethical behavior in business was not a formal topic of discussion in most business schools. In today's highly litigious society, however, business professionals and business students are coming to realize that sales and profits are no longer sufficient factors, in and of themselves, on which decisions can be based. Instead, it is vital that decisions take into account ethical issues. Ethics come into play within organizations because decisions are made not by nameless and faceless companies, but by individuals within those companies who have a set of ethics on which their decisions are based. Companies can protect themselves and their employees by putting place a code of ethics which can help guide behavior by employees within the business. This research examines an ethical situation in a business and considers..."