Abstract This paper presents an extensive critique of a short article about laparoscopic versus open gastricbypasssurgery. The paper explains that the article looks at the early postoperative outcomes of the two surgeries, comparing lengths of hospital stays, complications, weight loss, and return to normal activities. The paper concludes that the article is a simple observational study.
From the Paper "The researchers in this study are looking to see if there is a difference between the early postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery and open gastric bypass surgery. The problem is stated clearly. The problem is important to nursing in that the laparoscopic procedure resulted in shorter hospital stays and in terms of the types of complications seen after the two types of surgeries. The problem was a very simplistic one which merely involved assessing the early outcomes of the two types of procedures and was very..."
Tags: laparoscopic gastricbypasssurgery, open gastricbypasssurgery
Abstract The paper presents a number of reasons why gastricbypasssurgery is not necessarily a good idea for many Americans. Specifically, the paper examines the health complications which can result as well as the inefficacy of the treatment in resolving the weight issues suffered by many individuals. In addition, the paper also reviews the cost of the surgery and the disquieting challenges which physicians face when they operate on someone who is obese. The paper concludes that it is a surgery to be avoided if at all possible.
From the Paper "Gastric bypass surgery has developed an enviable popularity among many Americans in recent years. However, the following paper will outline a number of reasons why its efficacy should be called into question. Specifically, there are a variety of health complications associated with the procedure that can frustrate the recovery process or even bring about death. In addition, the process is by no means one hundred percent effective and it is very costly. Finally, physicians who treat obese men and women face a number of challenges which conspire to make weight loss surgery extremely dangerous and frightening for all concerned. In the final analysis, gastric bypass surgery is not for everyone and should be avoided if at all possible. There are a number of reasons why someone contemplating gastric bypass surgery should reconsider the procedure."
Abstract The paper discusses the universal struggle with weight and why it is happening. The paper focuses on gastricbypasssurgery as an option for the severely obese, whose weight has a direct effect on their health. The paper describes the types of gastricbypasssurgery available and includes two diagrams. The paper looks at the effects, dangers, benefits and costs of the surgery. The paper provides interviews with people who have undergone the procedure and maintains that gastricbypasssurgery is clearly a reasonable solution to extreme obesity.
From the Paper "Nearly two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight, and over thirty percent are obese, according to the data from the1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition and Examination Survey (NHANES). The difference between overweight and obese is overweight refers to excess body weight compared to set standards and may include muscle, bone, fat, and body water; where obese refers specifically to having an abnormally high proportion of body fat. A bodybuilder might be considered overweight because they have a considerable amount of muscle, but little to no body fat. In most instances however, people who are overweight are also obese."
Abstract This paper introduces discusses and analyzes the topic of gastricbypasssurgery. It incorporates the book, "Good in Bed" by Jennifer Weiner, with research into the surgery and continues with personal reasons why the writer chose to have gastricbypasssurgery. It explains how obesity is becoming chronic in America, and the weight loss industry is one of the most profitable in the country. People try drugs, severe diets, and just about anything to lose weight.
From the Paper "Being fat in America may be more common than it was even ten years ago, but there is still a stigma attached to being fat, as anyone who is overweight clearly knows. In the book "Good in Bed," the protagonist, Cannie, is a "plump" heroine who struggles with weight issues her entire life. The book gives a little taste of what it is like to be fat in a thin world. "The scales at the University of Philadelphia's Weight and Eating Disorders Center looked like meat carts. The platforms were about four times the size of normal scales, with railings all around them. It was hard not to feel like livestock when you climbed aboard [?]" (Weiner 114). Just as this passage shows, the overweight in America live a different life and I know, because I was overweight for a substantial portion of my life."
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the discussions presented in three different articles regarding gastricbypasssurgery. The articles summarized are "Medical Management of Obesity" by Ethan Berke, "Hope for the Morbidly Obese" by Michelle Bock-Lopez, and "Mechanisms to Stop the Epidemic of Obesity: Surgical Therapy for Obesity" by Harvey Sugarman. These articles include discussions on the benefits and risks of the surgery and demonstrate both the growing population and success of this surgery. The articles also review information regarding concerns about both the safety and efficacy of the approach. Two of the articles reviewed by this paper are appended.
From the Paper "Multiple reports that more and more adults and even children have become morbidly obese in the United States have led to searches for effective interventions. One of the interventions beginning to receive widespread use is gastric bypass surgery, which limits the amount of food an individual can consume and thus helps prevent overeating that leads to or supports a state of obesity."
Abstract This paper takes a look at nutrition and exercise, reporting that the US population currently faces numerous problems regarding health issues, weight loss and childhood obesity. The paper examines the problems in the way Americans eat and provides a brief historical background of food consumption in the United States. The paper also addresses various sub-topics of health and weight loss, including exercise, diets, diet pills, nutrition and food, surgical options and attributable health issues.
Outline:
Introduction
Brief Overview of the American Diet
The American Diet Shift
Dieting
The Atkins Diet
The South Beach Diet
Diet Pills
Prescription Diet Pills
Over-the-counter Diet Pills
Nutrition and Food
Exercise
Surgical Options
GastricBypassSurgery Gastric Band (Lap Band) Surgery Gastroplasty (Stomach Stapling)
Health Issues Related to being Overweight
Hypertension and High Blood Pressure
Heart Disease
Cancer
Conclusion
From the Paper "Health experts recommend that individuals should get at least 30 minutes of moderately intense physical activity on all or most days of the week. Examples of moderate activity include brisk walking, cycling, swimming or doing home repairs or yard work. The President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports (2006), recommends a little work toward permanently changing your lifestyle to incorporate more activity. Some of their suggestions are to: take the stairs instead of the elevator, park at the far end of a parking lot and walk to the office or store, get off public transportation a few blocks before your stop, get up from your desk during the day to stretch and walk around, take a brisk walk when you get the urge to snack, increase your pace when working in the house or yard, mow your own lawn and rake your own leaves, and carry your own groceries. It is also recommended that for persons with cardiovascular disease, an appointment with a physician should be made before undertaking more vigorous activity. "
Abstract This paper reports on the current relevant literature on cardiopulmonary bypasses, which provide a temporary substitute for a patient's heart and lungs during the course of open-heart surgery. In particular, it looks at how the memory loss and other cognitive problems long known to result from bypasssurgery are often minimized by heart surgeons as being merely transient problems and how there is a need for cerebral protection, since studies have shown that for a substantial minority who undergo this operation, will incur mental impairment years later. A review of the literature is followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
Outline
Overview
Need for Cerebral Protection
Cerebral Protection Methods
Technological Developments
From the Paper "Today, the trend is towards providing brain protection with either antegrade or retrograde perfusion during circulatory arrest. The study by Igari et al. and work by others have demonstrated the ability to isolate cerebral perfusion from lower-body perfusion while performing the necessary great vessel anastomoses. A Boston Children's Study that cited by these researchers demonstrated the overall superiority of low-flow versus no-flow that may have applicability to the adult situation as well. In this study, the authors used a moderately hypothermic perfusate, thus decreasing cerebral oxygen consumption. "The combination of hypothermia to decrease metabolic rate and moderate-flow perfusion to wash out metabolites provides cerebral protection" (Igari et al., 1999, p. 108)."
Abstract This paper examines the current debate among cardiologists and cardiac surgeons regarding the use of coronary artery bypasssurgery (CABG) versus drug-eluting stents (DES). The author concludes that the research indicates that, even though cardiac surgeons have conducted many studies that appear to show the benefits of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) with accompanying DES, there are still very serious considerations to using these interventions in certain groups of patients, especially those with multivessel coronary artery disease. This paper recommends future research with multicenter trials comparing use of PCI with DES as compared to CABG in terms of both short-term and long-term benefits, mortality rates, revascularization rates and other benefits or complicating factors in order to establish or disavow the superiority of PCI with DES. Thirteen figures are included with the paper.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Statement of Problem
Key Terms and Definitions
Background of Study
Unprotected Left Main Stenosis
Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations for Future Research
From the Paper "According to Gunn and Crossman other energy sources are also useful. Sonotherapy, or unltrasound may potential more as a treatment than as a facilitator 'for gene delivery and is 'benign' in its effect on healthy tissue." Photodynamic therapy, or the interacting of photosensitizing drugs, light and tissue oxygen, is under investigation and still only in very early development. Laser energy delivered "via a fine intracoronary wire, is used in a few centers to recanalize block arteries." Gunn and Crossman state that the role of percutaneous clinical "has extended to the point where up to 70% of patients treated have acute coronary syndromes.""
Tags: clinical percutaneous revascularization survival, comorbid conditions, and
Abstract The paper discusses plastic surgery and poses some questions: Is plastic surgery right for you? Why even think about plastic surgery? What are the reasons for someone to have plastic surgery? What are the risks? The paper notes that the number of cosmetic surgeries is rapidly increasing. The paper points out that it is important to consider the risks involved in plastic surgery compared to the benefits of having it. The paper adds that it is also important to check the credential of the plastic surgeon and to interview the surgeon.
From the Paper "Is plastic surgery right for you? Why even think about plastic surgery? What are the reasons for someone to have plastic surgery? What are the risks? In a recent issue of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, it shows that only 5% of young college-aged women have plastic surgery (Epidemic of Cosmetic Procedures 81). However, the number of cosmetic surgeries is rapidly increasing. "The number of surgical and nonsurgical cosmetic procedures in the United States increased by 44% in 2004 to a total of nearly 11.9 million" (Cosmetic procedures 50). What are some of the cosmetic surgeries that people have? "Top surgical and nonsurgical cosmetic procedures among all Americans in 2004 included liposuction, Botox, breast augmentation, laser hair removal, eyelid surgery, chemical peel, rhinoplasty, microdermabrasion, face lift and hyaluronic acid" (Cosmetic procedures 50)."
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that in today's contemporary society, cosmetic surgery is more popular than ever. Studies including those by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons suggest that an increasing number of teenagers and young adults are seeking cosmetic surgery to enhance or change their figure or parts of their body. The writer points out that many are opposed to the concept, suggesting teenagers should not have the choice to utilize cosmetic surgery. This paper argues that teenagers should have access to elective cosmetic surgery when they have their parents' permission, as parents are more likely to be able to understand the potential side effects of surgery and help the patient make a secure and well-thought out decision. The writer maintains that patients that do not have parental consent should not have the option of cosmetic surgery.
From the Paper "Undoubtedly cosmetic surgery may benefit patients' interpersonal relationships and self-esteem, which ultimately leads to a better quality of life. This is more so the case when the patient suffers from a birth defect or other abnormality that affects their appearance. However, cosmetic surgery is not something to be taken lightly, as for many it can prove very damaging and have long-lasting side effects. Adults undergoing surgery are more likely to make wise decisions because their brains are fully matured and because their bodies have stopped growing."
Abstract This paper studies the plastic surgery industry in the United States. It focuses on breast implants and face lifts. It describes the history of the field and discusses the current techniques. The paper contends that cosmetic surgery has become a multi-billion dollar industry and involves many more average Americans than stars and wealthy patients. The industry is thriving despite the controversy over the breast implant surgery and the future looks very profitable. The paper concludes that the industry of plastic surgery will continue to thrive and prosper in the future, especially in the United States.
From the Paper "Until several decades ago plastic surgery was reserved for the very wealthy and Hollywood movie stars. They would go into hiding, and come out a few weeks later looking younger than they did before. Everyone knew something had been lifted or tucked but it was rarely vocalized in public. Then the breast implant market hit the scene and the plastic surgery industry exploded into a Mecca of revenue and business. Women between 18 and 80 were rushing to have their breasts enlarged. Once this became an accepted practice it was not long before the "average" person was taking vacation time from work to have a face-lift. Cosmetic surgery has become a multi-billion dollar industry and involves many more average Americans than stars and wealthy patients. The industry is thriving even given the controversy over the breast implant surgery and the future looks very profitable. "
Tags: Plastic, Cosmetic, surgery, Hollywood, face, lift, breast, implant, United, States, industry
Abstract This paper takes a look at weight loss surgery focusing primarily on the dangers involved. The paper reviews the risks, the process of the surgery and the possible complications. The paper concludes by supporting the surgery, saying that weight-loss surgeries can not only improve and/or cure obesity-related health issues such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, sleep apnea, and diabetes, but can allow an individual to experience greater self-esteem, improved interpersonal effectiveness, and an enhanced quality of life.
From the Paper "The average adult stomach holds approximately 12 1/2 cups of food and fluid. In the RGB procedure, a small pouch is formed by closing off a large part of the stomach with staples (Fagel 2005). The small intestine is cut below the duodenum, and one open end is brought up and connected to the pouch, thus food and fluids pass from the esophagus into the pouch, then bypass the rest of the stomach and duodenum to flow directly into the small intestine (Fagel 2005). The larger part of the stomach remains intact, thus it continues to secrete digestive fluids which drain into the duodenum. Below the duodenum, where the small intestine has been cut to attach one loop to the pouch, the cut end is surgically reconnected to the small intestine farther down, creating a surgical Y, with one top branch being the esophagus-pouch-intestine loop and the other being the large stomach-duodenum-intestine connection (Fagel 2005). These two parts of the intestine join to form the bottom of the Y, allowing drainage through the rest of the small intestine and into the large intestine (Fagel 2005)."
Abstract Prior to the advent of laser vision correction the only hope for sufferers of poor eyesight was wearing glasses or contact lenses. The reason for this is that vision problems are the result of flaws in the surface and/or shape of the lens. Correcting such flaws was completely out of the realm of possibility until laser surgery was invented. Since that time, the use of lasers in surgical application for vision correction has increased and improved to the point where it is now one of the most common forms of out-patient surgery. It is the purpose of this paper to examine the application and effectiveness of laser vision correction surgery.
Abstract This paper presents a clear argument against elective cosmetic surgery. The paper discusses the various costs involved in cosmetic surgery, including financial, unknown long-term outcomes and the risks of the invasive surgery.
From the Paper "Human beings have gone to great lengths to make themselves attractive to members of the opposite sex for thousands of years. Tribes in Africa have extended their ear lobes or elongated their necks. Women in China..."
Abstract Penis enlargement surgery is one of the newest additions to the seemingly never-ending list of reproductive technologies on today's market. This paper explains the reason for this technology coming into development and the different methods available. It also highlights both the advantages and disadvantages that come with the use of this technology.
From the Paper "Over the last 30 years, with technology increasing and the idea that 'bigger is better' spreading, the methods of penis enlargement surgery have become both numerous and varied. Penis enlargement surgery, also known as penile augmentation or penile enhancement surgery, consists of two surgical procedures to enlarge the penis. The first is used to increase the girth of the penis. This procedure uses fat cells inserted around the penis. The second involves extending the tissue that fills with blood named the corpora cavernosa out of the body to achieve length. Cutting the suspensory ligaments of the corpora cavernosa does this."
Tags: enlargement, fertility, manhood, masculinity, penis, size, surgery
