Abstract The paper presents the opinions of several theorists analyzing how the media is controlled by a dominant race and how the media is used to portray that group's ideology. The paper details how the media's portrayal of Native Americans has changed over the decades. It shows how the shift in media representation of Native Americans is due to a shift in media ownership and pressure from minority groups to be included in a positive way.
From the Paper "The portrayal of Native Americans has changed significantly since the turn of the century, with the most significant changes occurring in the 1980s. In the 1950s "Indians" were portrayed as the aggressors who committed some unthinkable act, without reason or provocation, to some nice white folks who were just minding their own business. They were the bad guys and a hero was sent to avenge the act and bring about "justice". The 1960s and 1970s brought about the Native American as a victim."
From the Paper "Judith Adler Hellman's Mexican Lives is composed of information in narrative form gathered from interviews with fifteen Mexicans which give the reader a fascinating and often moving portrait of life and work in contemporary Mexico. Hellman allows her subjects to speak for themselves, although her commentary and conclusions are rich not only with compassion and insight, but also with her talent as a clear and straightforward writer of powerful but accessible prose. Her skillful interviewing technique gives her subjects the confidence to express themselves candidly and to do so with clarity and purpose.
Most significant is that each of the interviews gives the reader a portrait not only of a human being, his or her work and life, what matters to him or her, and how he or she is trying to.."
From the Paper "During World War II, the United States interned Japanese residents of the Western states in internment camps such as that at Manzanar in California. The reason was indicated in Executive Order 9066, signed in 1942 by President Roosevelt to give authority to the War Department to define military areas in the western states and to exclude anyone who might be seen as threatening the war effort (Houston and Houston xi-xii). Japanese living in the Western states were seen as potential subversives and were summarily removed to camps to prevent this. The camps operated until after the surrender of Japan, though the U.S. Supreme Court ruled at the end of 1944 that loyal citizens could not be held in detention camps against their will (Houston and Houston, 1973, xii). The United States was wrong to place any Japanese who had not committed any offense into these..."
From the Paper "This study will examine the concepts of ethnicity, stereotyping, culture and discrimination in the context of Monica Sone's autobiographical Nisei Daughter. The study will focus on the roles these concepts played in the forming of the identity of the author as a second-generation Japanese-American living a relatively happy life with her family in Seattle, Washington, before World War II, and then undergoing increasing discrimination as a result of prejudices against Japanese-Americans as war approached and finally erupted between the United States and Japan.
This study will argue that the book demonstrates how these concepts or forces should be seen as both negative and positive in terms of the shaping of Monica's character. One can condemn stereotyping and discrimination, for example, but, for better and..."
From the Paper "Case number one on the Supreme Court docket for the October Term, 1953, bore the simple and unassuming title of Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al. This simply titled case would give rise to one of the most important judicial decisions of this century; racial segregation in the public schools was a violation of the constitution and therefore, unconstitutional. This case was a landmark victory for those seeking integration in the United States. This paper will discuss the Brown case and the Court's decision which was handed down on the afternoon of May 17, 1954.
Five separate legal suits were sent to the Supreme Court at approximately the same time and they all dealt with the same single basic issue --- school segregation. The cases were grouped together under the Brown Case. So it was by accident of(...)"
From the Paper "One of the major issues explored in John Okada's novel No-No Boy is the issue of free will. In general, the novel examines relations between Japanese-Americans and white Americans, and focuses especially on the image that Japanese-Americans have of themselves. The question of free will involves inevitably the question of its opposite---determinism. Are the characters in this novel free to change their attitudes and their behavior, or are they helpless victims of environmental, psychological, racial and other circumstances? Clearly, Okada is a writer who holds out hope that racial hatred and self-hatred can be reduced, if not eliminated. For him to hold out such hope, he must have some faith and some evidence that human beings are capable of making free choices which will lead to such change. At the same time, the novel is full of realistic scenes of hatred and self-hatred..."
Abstract This paper discusses the issues involved in racial profiling as possibly the only way to prevent terrorism. The difficult and uncomfortable aspect of racial profiling, which puts a large population of innocent citizens under scrutiny, is explained. The paper presents the hope that when certain communities are targeted as a result of racial profiling, there will be cooperation from within the community to assist the officials.
From the Paper "While some may say that this violates civil liberties, Attorney General John Ashcroft says, "We're not sacrificing civil liberties, we're securing civil liberties?That's why the administration has claimed the unilateral power to designate any one of us a terrorist and subject to indefinite detention without a trial--or even knowledge of the charges against us. That's why it conducts secret searches of libraries and bookstores and who knows who's offices or computers: It wants to protect our liberty (Kaminer, 9). The communities affected by racial profiling will, certainly, experience discomfort. The fact is that the vast majority of Middle Eastern Americans and Middle Eastern students and visitors are of absolutely no threat to the United States in any way."
Abstract This essay examines the history of immigration and presents a time sequence of cultures immigrating to the United States. It also analyzes the challenges each group encountered and what impact they had on this country. Also discussed are the pros and cons of immigration and the furture of immigration.
From the Paper "One thing that makes the United States different from any other country in the world, is that all the people who live here are immigrants or descendants of immigrants. The reasons people emigrate from other countries is that the United States offers opportunity and a chance for growth and economic gain. In addition, many were driven by war, famine, economic hardship, persecution and environmental changes."
Abstract Examines the politics of culture and race as an issue in adoptions and foster care placement. Adoption & foster care policy in the U.S. and its effects. Policy of race-matching and adverse effect on placement of minority & at-risk children. Opposition to transracial placement. Congressional actions to end historical bias against interracial adoptions and foster care placement.
From the Paper "Policy Analysis: Culture and Foster Care Placement
Definition of the Problem
The question of culture and race has been integral to the debate over formal adoption and foster care placement policy in the United States (Banks, 1998). The politics of race and culture as a visible manifestation of racial and/or ethnic differences has been intertwined with adoption and foster care policy in the United States and has resulted in a number of unintended effects. Banks (1998) has pointed out that in both scholarly and public debate centered on this policy issue, there has been a protracted and intense controversy focused on the practice of race-matching, according to which foster care or adoptive children and foster parents or adoptive parents are matched by social work personnel on the basis of race. "
Abstract The writer first defines the term stereotype and relates this concept to business relationships. Negotiation is the process by which two or more parties attempt to reach agreement on matters of mutual interest. The writer asserts that this process can become distorted with the introduction of stereo-typing. Finally, the paper highlights the positive aspects to negotiations involving parties from differing backgrounds.
From the Paper "Culture exhibits itself with visible behavioral patterns, such as the distance people try to keep, their facial expression, manner, etc., These are present at the surface level and are seen, heard and sensed. They are the result of cultural traits present as a combination of values, norms, traditions, rituals and more. The literature on cross-cultural negotiations studies these complex constructs, and also includes consideration of how different cultures handle problem solving, relationships and competitiveness."
Tags: discussion, agreement, background, international, business
Abstract This paper discusses the importance for organizations to diversify their workforce because it can lead to new methods of thinking and problem solving and a gain in profits. It looks at how a diverse workforce, if properly managed, can provide significant benefits but if not effectively managed, could even lead to huge losses for the organization. It shows how communication gaps and discrimination are common occurrences in a diverse workforce and how an organization should be fully prepared to face such issues by training their managers and leaders to coordinate it.
From the Paper "The population of minorities is expected to increase and naturally their representation in the workforce will also increase. This is a clear indication that companies should be able to effectively manage and utilize their diverse workforce to their advantage. Success in business is achieved by managing change rather than by avoiding it. The labor market is becoming highly competitive and companies should take measures to ensure that they recruit from the entire spectrum available; otherwise they could be missing out on advantages of a diverse workforce. Many companies have reported that a diverse workforce has helped them boost their profits, especially through innovations that were brought about by their workforce."
Tags: minorities, communication, discrimination, business
Abstract This is a paper on the topic of immigration and assimilation into the United States. The paper shows how Immigrants from the earliest times have accepted the culture, traditions and beliefs of the United States, yet they have managed to maintain their own identities and cultures as well.
This paper discusses that non-verbal communication in the workplace not only affects the transfer of information, but also affects the whole emotional atmosphere of a workplace.
Abstract This paper explains that studying the effects of non-verbal communication in the workplace is more important than ever in today's multicultural world because each ethnic group brings their own culture into the workplace. The paper points out that one of the most common uses of non-verbal communication in the workplace is by supervisors and others with high status, who use non-verbal symbols of their status and authority, either consciously or not, to remind those below them of their high position. The paper relates that, in some workplaces, because non-verbal communication can differ so greatly between cultures, management has introduced cultural sensitivity training.
From the Paper "Latinos are one of the fastest growing cultural groups in American workplaces today. Therefore, it is of particular importance for both Anglos and Latinos to each understand the others' nonverbal communication styles. Latinos have several nonverbal communication devises particular to their culture that Anglos do not use. For example, Latinos have a much smaller realm of what is considered personal space. In Anglo cultures, this personal space is between eighteen and thirty inches, while in Latino cultures it is between eight and eighteen inches. This sharp difference in acceptable personal space can cause huge discomfort and misunderstanding for both parties if it is not understood and acknowledged on both sides."
Abstract This paper examines Rebecca Walker's book, "Black, White, and Jewish: Autobiography of a Shifting Self", and its message of a fragmented sense of self. The paper looks at how Walker blames her inability to form a stable and permanent sense of self on her parents' liberal parenting style and multi-racial heritage and then discusses Walker's self-analysis regarding her feelings of alienation. The paper concludes with comments on both the strengths and the weaknesses of the book.
From the Paper "Rebecca Walker's memoir Black, White, and Jewish, is subtitled ?Autobiography of a Shifting Self.? Walker argues that because of the multi-racial and multi-ethnic identity, conferred by her parents and societal perceptions of race, she can never have a stable sense of identity or self. To demonstrate this, Walker uses not only the emotional devices of memoir, but also logical, sociological arguments in regards to her racial identity and ethical arguments about her parent's liberal parenting styles to establish her credibility as an author. Walker argues that her multiracial heritage, constant shifting of homes, and the liberal parenting style she received caused her current shifting and fragmented sense of self."
Abstract This paper offers a review of the though provoking novel "Montana 1948" by Larry Watson. The writer shows how racism, as seen in the novel, can result in tragedy. The book is the retrospective tale of a childhood event told by the protagonist David Hayden forty years later. The story evolves around the alleged professionally unacceptable behavior of a physician towards his Indian patients.
From the Paper "Among David's primary recollections concerning the events of 1948 is the realization that Marie Little Soldier's bedroom was ?a small room off the kitchen,? despite the fact that there was a "third bedroom" vacant on the second floor ? the floor where the white people slept. "Who decided that room should not be Marie"s?? Despite the Hayden's tolerant and benevolent appearance, and their adequate treatment of Marie, they obviously are subtly influenced by the prejudice based on the belief in the superiority of a particular race. Wesley ?was not a hate filled bigot ? he probably thought he was free of prejudice.? Wes was able to "treat Indians with generosity, kindness, and respect" nevertheless he believed Indians? were ignorant, lazy, superstitious and irresponsible."
