A discussion of the contention between the realism anarchic world and the world system of neo-Marxism.
Written in 2002; 4,831 words; 14 sources; MLA; $ 123.95
Paper Summary:
This paper examines how in 1959, Kenneth Waltz introduced his conception of three images of international relations (IR), which he saw as the possible roots of wars, in his book titled "Man, the State and War". The three images are he evil human nature (first), the state or the immediate social context of human (second) and the state system (third). It looks at how another account of IR was later presented by Marxism-inspired Immanuel Wallerstein who asserts that it is the modern world system, which is capitalistic in nature, that shapes the form of IR. It analyzes how realism has been a very prominent approach in the study of international relations and how it is Marxism, so often associated with communism, that poses great challenge to it. It shows how realism conceives the world to be anarchic in which one should strive for survival on one's own strength and how Wallerstein Marxism on the other hand view the world in a rather hierarchic world system.
From the Paper:
"Another critic to Neo-Realist approach questions the very concept of anarchy itself. Wendt argues that anarchy is not an objective reality but a social construct. He maintains that the anarchy does not necessary entail the system of self-help. He argues that self-help is an institution that reflects the process of identity and interests formation. The formation of identity, and interests, can only take place in a social context. In that context, the result will depend on the interaction which can vary greatly. Therefore, self-help is arguably only one of possible outcomes. By arguing this, he is saying that anarchy is not a necessary structure of international relations, and that the structure stand in a mutually-constitutive relations with agents. Changes of the structure is not impossible."
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