Sudan

Paper Summary:

This paper analyzes the causes of inequality, poverty, and economic stagnation in Sudan and assesses policy responses. This paper recognizes that for centuries Sudan was not a nation but a collection of small, independent kingdoms and principalities. Throughout Sudanese history, this internal fragmentation inevitably led to social, political, religious, and economic conflicts as each kingdom, tribe, and principality struggled for autonomy or sought to dominate other kingdoms, tribes, and principalities.

From the Paper:

"In order to effectively analyze the causes of inequality, poverty, and economic stagnation in Sudan and assess policy responses, it must be recognized first of all that for centuries Sudan was not a nation but a collection of small, independent kingdoms and principalities. Throughout Sudanese history, this internal fragmentation inevitably led to social, political, religious, and economic conflicts as each kingdom, tribe, and principality struggled for autonomy or sought to dominate other kingdoms, tribes, and principalities. Historians agree that the coming of Islam in the seventh century changed the nature of ancient Sudanese society and culture, and led to a division of the country into north and south, which has had long-term social, economic, and political implications."

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